Abstract: The present application provides a simulation method for equivalent fatigue damage of wheel-rail steel, and relates to the study of wheel-rail relationship of rail transportation. After obtaining the train load spectrum when the target train serves for the preset mileage, the wheel-rail systematic 3D model corresponding to the target train is assigned to simulate the load according to the train load spectrum to obtain the stress spectrum of the dangerous part of the rim, and determine the target stress and stress application frequency corresponding to the expected simulated mileage according to the stress spectrum of the dangerous part of the rim. Then, the driving fatigue test machine carries out fatigue tests on the wheel-rail steel fatigue sample of the target train according to the target stress and stress application frequency, and obtains the equivalent fatigue damage data of the wheel-rail steel at the expected simulated mileage of the target train.