Abstract: A device disposed on a subject to maintain the subject within a containment zone and track the subject if the subject exits the containment zone. The device includes a positioning unit for generating position data including satellite positioning data. There is a processor unit to determine from the position data if the subject is inside or outside of the containment zone. The processor unit operates in a containment mode when the subject is inside the containment zone and in a tracking mode when the subject exits the containment zone. A correction unit issues a stimulus when the subject exits the containment zone and terminates the stimulus when the processor unit enters the tracking mode from the containment mode. There is a communication unit which transmits an alert to an electronic device of an operator when the processor unit transitions from the containment to tracking mode.

Abstract: A device disposed on a subject to maintain the subject within a containment zone and track the subject if the subject exits the containment zone. The device includes a positioning unit for generating position data including satellite positioning data. There is a processor unit to determine from the position data if the subject is inside or outside of the containment zone. The processor unit operates in a containment mode when the subject is inside the containment zone and in a tracking mode when the subject exits the containment zone. A correction unit issues a stimulus when the subject exits the containment zone and terminates the stimulus when the processor unit enters the tracking mode from the containment mode. There is a communication unit which transmits an alert to an electronic device of an operator when the processor unit transitions from the containment to tracking mode.

Abstract: A device to be disposed on a subject for determining whether the subject is inside or outside of a containment zone defined by a containment perimeter. There is a positioning unit for generating position data, including satellite positioning data, of the subject; the position data. There is a processor unit, in communication with the positioning unit, configured to receive data from a memory representing a plurality of line segments forming the containment perimeter and obtain the position data of the subject. The processor casts a ray from the position of the subject toward a line segment of the containment perimeter and determines the number of line segments that are intersected by the ray. The processor determines from number of line segments intersected by the ray, if the subject is inside the containment zone or outside of the containment zone.

Abstract: A device disposed on a subject to maintain the subject within a containment zone and track the subject if the subject exits the containment zone. The device includes a positioning unit for generating position data including satellite positioning data. There is a processor unit to determine from the position data if the subject is inside or outside of the containment zone. The processor unit operates in a containment mode when the subject is inside the containment zone and in a tracking mode when the subject exits the containment zone. A correction unit issues a stimulus when the subject exits the containment zone and terminates the stimulus when the processor unit enters the tracking mode from the containment mode. There is a communication unit which transmits an alert to an electronic device of an operator when the processor unit transitions from the containment to tracking mode.

Abstract: A device to be worn by a subject for determining whether the subject is inside or outside of a containment zone, established by a user moving the device along a plurality of segments about the containment perimeter, the segments crossing the containment perimeter at an angle. There is a positioning unit for generating position data, including satellite positioning data, for the device. There is a processor unit configured to, while in a perimeter learn mode, establish the containment perimeter by receiving at least two segment waypoints from the position data for each of the plurality of segments, determine from the segment waypoints a containment perimeter waypoint for each of the segments and connect the containment perimeter waypoints to establish the containment perimeter. While in a contain mode, the processor determines from the position data if the subject is inside or outside of the containment zone.

Abstract: A device disposed on a subject to maintain the subject within a containment zone and track the subject if the subject exits the containment zone. The device includes a positioning unit for generating position data including satellite positioning data. There is a processor unit to determine from the position data if the subject is inside or outside of the containment zone. The processor unit operates in a containment mode when the subject is inside the containment zone and in a tracking mode when the subject exits the containment zone. A correction unit issues a stimulus when the subject exits the containment zone and terminates the stimulus when the processor unit enters the tracking mode from the containment mode. There is a communication unit which transmits an alert to an electronic device of an operator when the processor unit transitions from the containment to tracking mode.

Abstract: A device to be disposed on a subject for determining whether the subject is inside or outside of a containment zone defined by a containment perimeter. There is a positioning unit for generating position data, including satellite positioning data, of the subject; the position data. There is a processor unit, in communication with the positioning unit, configured to receive data from a memory representing a plurality of line segments forming the containment perimeter and obtain the position data of the subject. The processor casts a ray from the position of the subject toward a line segment of the containment perimeter and determines the number of line segments that are intersected by the ray. The processor determines from number of line segments intersected by the ray, if the subject is inside the containment zone or outside of the containment zone.

Abstract: A device for determining the location of a subject includes a positioning unit for generating each time period, t, position data corresponding to the location of the subject and motion data indicative of whether the subject is moving or stationary. There is a processor unit configured to, if the motion data indicates that the subject is moving at time period t, set the location of the subject at time period t to be the location corresponding to the position data. The processor unit is also configured to, if the motion data indicates that the subject is stationary at time period t, obtain from the positioning unit the position data for the next n time periods t; determine the average position of the subject over the n time periods t; and maintain as the location of the subject, the determined average position while the subject remains stationary.

Abstract: A device disposed on a subject to maintain the subject within a containment zone and track the subject if the subject exits the containment zone. The device includes a positioning unit for generating position data including satellite positioning data. There is a processor unit to determine from the position data if the subject is inside or outside of the containment zone. The processor unit operates in a containment mode when the subject is inside the containment zone and in a tracking mode when the subject exits the containment zone. A correction unit issues a stimulus when the subject exits the containment zone and terminates the stimulus when the processor unit enters the tracking mode from the containment mode. There is a communication unit which transmits an alert to an electronic device of an operator when the processor unit transitions from the containment to tracking mode.

Abstract: A device disposed on a subject for determining whether the subject is inside or outside of a containment zone, the containment zone having a portion of a structure intersecting the perimeter thereof. There is a positioning unit for generating position data, including satellite position data having a carrier to noise ratio. There is a processor unit configured to determine if the carrier to noise ratio is greater than a first predetermined threshold indicating that the subject is not under the structure or less than a second predetermined threshold indicating that the subject is under the structure. If the carrier to noise ratio is greater than the first predetermined threshold, the processor unit determines from the position data if the subject is inside or outside of the containment zone and if less than the second predetermined threshold, the subject is assigned to a virtual position in the containment zone different.