Abstract: An LED lamp and a power supply module thereof are provided. The power supply module includes a driving circuit, a OVP circuit, and an impedance detection circuit. The OVP circuit is configured to determine whether an OVP condition is detected by sampling the driving signal, and the impedance detection circuit is configured to determine whether a user touching state is detected. When either the OVP condition or the user touching state is detected, the power switch of the driving circuit will be controlled to limit the amount of a current flowing through the power switch. In addition, the impedance detection circuit could detect the user touching state by comparing signals with a defined level sampled during each pulse, thus enhancing the detection accuracy.

Abstract: An LED lamp and a power source module thereof are provided. The power source module includes a switch-type DC-to-DC converter integrated with a function for detecting whether a foreign external impedance exists. The switch-type DC-to-DC converter is configured to enter an installation detection mode when the switch-type DC-to-DC converter is activated. When the switch-type DC-to-DC converter is in the installation detection mode, the switch-type DC-to-DC converter receives an external AC signal received by the LED lamp to detect whether a foreign external impedance exists based on the received signal.

Abstract: A data sending method and apparatus and a data receiving method and apparatus for resisting network communication monitoring, wherein the data sending method comprises: acquiring a target packet; adding an encapsulation header into the target packet and encrypting application data in the target packet to obtain a to-be-sent packet; constructing a confusing packet, the header of the confusing packet being different from the header of the to-be-sent packet at a preset position; and sending a mixed packet of the to-be-sent packet and the confusing packet. In the present disclosure, a communication source hides a data packet to confuses probes, adds an encapsulation header on the basis of the data packet, hides the data packet in a large number of similar packets in a network, and makes an encryption in combination with a mature encryption technology, thereby effectively resisting malicious network communication monitoring and preventing eavesdropping of network communications.

Abstract: An LED lamp and a power source module thereof are provided. The power source module includes a switch-type DC-to-DC converter integrated with a function for detecting whether a foreign external impedance exists. The switch-type DC-to-DC converter is configured to enter an installation detection mode when the switch-type DC-to-DC converter is activated. When the switch-type DC-to-DC converter is in the installation detection mode, the switch-type DC-to-DC converter receives an external AC signal received by the LED lamp to detect whether a foreign external impedance exists based on the received signal.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) tube lamp and an electric leakage protection circuit are provided. The LED tube lamp. The LED tube lamp includes a leakage detecting module and a driving module comprising a Type A+B driving circuit. The leakage detecting module is connected with a power supply. The driving module is electrically connected with the leakage detecting module. The leakage detecting module detects a signal related to the output current of the power supply, and when the signal related to the output current of the power supply exceeds a reference signal, the leakage detecting module limits the current on a power loop connected to the power supply by periodically turning off a switch electrically connected to the power loop in series.

Abstract: A circuit board configuration adapted to carry electronic components of a power supply module is provided. The circuit board configuration comprises: a first circuit board, having a first plane configured to dispose and connect a part of the electronic components; and a second circuit board, electrically connected to the first circuit board and having a second plane configured to dispose and connect another part of the electronic components, wherein at least one of the first and the second circuit boards is disposed, perpendicular to an axial direction of the lamp tube, in an interior space formed by the lamp tube and at least one of the two end caps, so that the a direction normal to the first and the second planes is substantially parallel to the axial direction of the lamp tube.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses an operation management method for a network device without address information, which includes: recognizing an address of a front-end terminal; constructing a standard UDP/TCP data packet according to the address and session state information; and sending the standard UDP/TCP data packet. In another aspect, a network device without address information is claimed, which includes: a recognizing module configured to recognize an address of a front-end terminal; a data packet generating module configured to construct a standard UDP/TCP data packet according to the address and session state information; and a sending module configured to send the standard UDP/TCP data packet. The method and device described above can reduce the workload of network renovation while minimizing renovation costs, thereby maximizing cost effectiveness. Thus, any technical breakthrough in this direction is regarded as the direction of development.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) tube lamp comprising a tube, end caps with contact pins and located on both ends of the tube, a first rectifying circuit and a second rectifying circuit and a filtering circuit that are coupled with the contact pins on the two end caps respectively, and a switch circuitry that is located between the rectifying circuits and the filtering circuit characterized in that the switch circuitry is capable of detecting whether the LED tube lamp is correctly installed on a lamp socket so as to reduce the risk of electric shock.

Abstract: An LED tube lamp and an impedance detection method thereof are provided. The LED tube lamp includes a power supply module comprising an impedance detection controller, configured to perform, before the LED tube lamp being lighted up, an impedance detection to determine whether the LED tube lamp is electrically connected to a foreign external impedance in series. When the LED tube lamp is connected to the foreign external impedance in series, the impedance detection controller causes at least two transient variations to an operating current of the LED tube lamp and limits the operating current of the LED tube lamp to not exceed 5 MIU in root-mean-square (RMS), in which a duration of each transient variation does not exceed 1 millisecond when the impedance detection controller performs the impedance detection.

Abstract: The present invention is a process of physical separation of spent lithium ion batteries to recover valuable components by using vacuum treatment to separate and recover volatile matter such as electrode binder, electrolyte solvent and salt followed by crushing and comminution to disintegrate and shred the electrolyte-depleted battery pack and reduce the size of shredded particles of enclosed components such as casing, current collectors, separator and other materials, which are subsequently separated using a series of physical separation techniques.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for directly recovering lithium and valuable transition metals such as cobalt, nickel and manganese from waste cathode and anode powder of spent lithium ion batteries into high grade products through a cascade reduction reaction scheme, followed by digestion and precipitation circuit using CO2 as media, and a series of physical separation procedures.

Abstract: An LED tube lamp and an impedance detection method thereof are provided. The LED tube lamp includes a power supply module comprising an impedance detection controller, configured to perform, before the LED tube lamp being lighted up, an impedance detection to determine whether the LED tube lamp is electrically connected to a foreign external impedance in series. When the LED tube lamp is connected to the foreign external impedance in series, the impedance detection controller causes at least two transient variations to an operating current of the LED tube lamp and limits the operating current of the LED tube lamp to not exceed 5 MIU in root-mean-square (RMS), in which a duration of each transient variation does not exceed 1 millisecond when the impedance detection controller performs the impedance detection.

Abstract: A circuit board configuration adapted to carry electronic components of a power supply module is provided. The circuit board configuration comprises: a first circuit board, having a first plane configured to dispose and connect a part of the electronic components; and a second circuit board, electrically connected to the first circuit board and having a second plane configured to dispose and connect another part of the electronic components, wherein at least one of the first and the second circuit boards is disposed, perpendicular to an axial direction of the lamp tube, in an interior space formed by the lamp tube and at least one of the two end caps, so that the a direction normal to the first and the second planes is substantially parallel to the axial direction of the lamp tube.

Abstract: An LED tube lamp comprises an LED module for emitting light; and a ballast interface circuit coupled to the LED module and comprising a thyristor device configured to determine whether an input external driving signal is a high frequency or high voltage signal. When the external driving signal is determined to be a high frequency or high voltage signal, the ballast interface circuit causes current conduction in the LED module for emitting light, and specifically the thyristor device is configured to conduct current upon the external driving signal being input. The ballast interface circuit further comprises a transistor, an inductor, and a resistor connected to each other; and the inductor is coupled between a terminal of the thyristor device and the LED module. Upon the thyristor device being turned on a current flowing through the inductor and the transistor maintains the conduction state of the thyristor device.

Abstract: An LED tube lamp including an LED module and a power supply module is provided. The LED module is configured to emit light in response to a driving current. The power supply module is electrically connected to the LED module to provide the driving current based on an external driving signal. The power supply module includes a rectifying circuit, a filtering circuit, a driving circuit, a flicker suppression circuit, and an installation detection circuit. The flicker suppression circuit is electrically connected to the LED module, and configured to control a conduction state of a current path passing through the LED module. The installation detection circuit is electrically connected to the flicker suppression circuit, and configured to detect whether a foreign external impedance is electrically connected to the LED tube lamp. When the foreign external impedance is detected, the installation detection circuit disables the flicker suppression circuit to restrict current from flowing through the current path.

Abstract: A power supply module is configured to provide, based on an external driving signal, a driving current for driving an LED tube lamp. The power supply module includes a detection path circuit, configured to establish a detection path which is capable of affecting an electrical signal on a power line of the power supply module when the detection path is turned on, and a driving circuit, electrically connected to the detection path circuit, and configured to produce the driving current based on the external driving signal. When the driving circuit is activated by receiving the external driving signal, the driving circuit enters into a first mode to detect whether a foreign external impedance is electrically connected to the LED tube lamp. When the foreign external impedance is detected, the driving circuit remains in the first mode, and when the foreign external impedance is not detected, the driving circuit enters into a second mode to produce the driving current.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) tube lamp comprising a tube, end caps with contact pins and located on both ends of the tube, a first rectifying circuit and a second rectifying circuit and a filtering circuit that are coupled with the contact pins on the two end caps respectively, and a switch circuitry that is located between the rectifying circuits and the filtering circuit characterized in that the switch circuitry is capable of detecting whether the LED tube lamp is correctly installed on a lamp socket so as to reduce the risk of electric shock.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) tube lamp comprising a tube, end caps with contact pins and located on both ends of the tube, a first rectifying circuit and a second rectifying circuit and a filtering circuit that are coupled with the contact pins on the two end caps respectively, and a switch circuitry that is located between the rectifying circuits and the filtering circuit characterized in that the switch circuitry is capable of detecting whether the LED tube lamp is correctly installed on a lamp socket so as to reduce the risk of electric shock.

Abstract: A mode switching circuit is configured to change a signal path in a light-emitting diode (LED) tube lamp and comprises: at least one switch, configured to receive a filtered signal as a driving signal to drive an LED module in the LED tube lamp to emit light, and when a frequency of an external driving signal received by the LED tube lamp is higher than a mode switching frequency, output the driving signal to the LED module. The LED tube lamp comprises an auxiliary power module coupled to provide auxiliary power for the LED module to emit light; and the mode switching circuit is on a printed circuit board and is electrically connected to the LED module on a bendable circuit sheet in the LED tube lamp, wherein the bendable circuit sheet is disposed below the printed circuit board to be electrically connected to the printed circuit board by soldering.

Abstract: An LED tube lamp comprises an LED module for emitting light; a rectifying circuit for rectifying an input external driving signal to produce a rectified signal; and a ballast interface circuit coupled to the LED module and comprising a detection circuit configured to determine that the external driving signal is a high frequency or high voltage signal when the voltage level of the rectified signal is higher than a predefined first threshold level. The ballast interface circuit causes an open circuit for the LED module when the voltage level of the rectified signal is higher than a predefined second threshold level but lower than the predefined first threshold level. And the ballast interface circuit causes current conduction in the LED module when the voltage level of the rectified signal, as based on an external driving signal from an inductive ballast, is lower than the predefined second threshold level.