Abstract: Provided are a memory device and a method of forming the same. The memory device includes: a selector; a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) structure, disposed on the selector; a spin orbit torque (SOT) layer, disposed between the selector and the MTJ structure, wherein the SOT layer has a sidewall aligned with a sidewall of the selector; a transistor, wherein the transistor has a drain electrically coupled to the MTJ structure; a word line, electrically coupled to a gate of the transistor; a bit line, electrically coupled to the SOT layer; a first source line, electrically coupled to a source of the transistor; and a second source line, electrically coupled to the selector, wherein the transistor is configured to control a write signal flowing between the bit line and the second source line, and control a read signal flowing between the bit line and the first source line.

Abstract: A method includes receiving input data that includes a plurality of input parts, wherein the input data corresponds to a data schema, wherein the data schema includes a plurality of schema parts, wherein each schema part specifies a set of one or more possible values, and wherein each input part satisfies a respective schema part. The method further includes generating an intermediate numeric value that represents the input data, generating, using a format-preserving encryption algorithm, an encrypted numeric value based on the intermediate numeric value, determining a number of possible values that satisfy the data schema, determining whether the encrypted numeric value satisfies a threshold criterion based on the number of possible values that satisfy the data schema, and responsive to determining that the encrypted numeric value satisfies the threshold criterion, generating, based on the encrypted numeric value, output data that conforms to the data schema.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method can comprise determining, by a device comprising a processor, wear state information representative of a wear state of a tire of a vehicle based on an output from a sensor of the vehicle, and in response to the wear state of the tire being determined to exceed a tire wear threshold, generating, by the device, an alert signal associated with the wear state of the tire.

Abstract: A preparation method and application of a single emulsifier and a double emulsion based on DNA triangular origami technology include designing and synthesizing staple strands of DNA triangular origami; mixing DNA scaffold strand and staple strands to synthesize the DNA triangular origami; purifying and enriching the triangular origami; and preparing the double emulsion. A process of the disclosure is simple, the obtained DNA triangular origami can be used as a single emulsifier of the double emulsion, the prepared emulsion can deliver hydrophilic arbutin and hydrophobic coumaric acid at the same time, and a central nano hole of the DNA triangular origami can be used as a nano channel for releasing arbutin and coumaric acid. Zero-order release can be achieved through an intermolecular force between arbutin and coumaric acid and the DNA triangular origami and pore confinement effect.

Abstract: A segmentation method comprises clustering spatial, intensity and volumetric shape index to automatically segment a medical lesion. The algorithm has the following steps: (1) calculating volumetric shape index (SI) for each voxel in the image; (2) combining the SI features with the intensity range and the spatial position (x, y, z) to form a 5-dimensional feature vector set; (3) grouping the 5-dimensional feature vector set into clusters; (4) employing a modified expectation-maximization algorithm (EM) considering not only spatial but also shape features on an intensity mode map from the clustering algorithm to merge the neighbouring regions or modes. The joint spatial-intensity-shape feature provides rich information for the segmentation of the anatomic structures of interest, such as lesions or tumours.

Abstract: A segmentation method comprises clustering spatial, intensity and volumetric shape index to automatically segment a medical lesion. The algorithm has the following steps: (1) calculating volumetric shape index (SI) for each voxel in the image; (2) combining the SI features with the intensity range and the spatial position (x, y, z) to form a 5-dimensional feature vector set; (3) grouping the 5-dimensional feature vector set into clusters; (4) employing a modified expectation-maximization algorithm (EM) considering not only spatial but also shape features on an intensity mode map from the clustering algorithm to merge the neighbouring regions or modes. The joint spatial-intensity-shape feature provides rich information for the segmentation of the anatomic structures of interest, such as lesions or tumours.