Abstract: The present invention discloses a satellite-based blockchain architecture, including a terrestrial blockchain miner network, a constellation system, and a consensus protocol coordinating the constellation system and the terrestrial blockchain miner network. In each round, a satellite generates an oracle, and satellites broadcast the oracle to the terrestrial blockchain miner network. The oracle selects a terrestrial miner as a winner of the current round based on a specific rule. The winning terrestrial miner has the right to generate a new block in the round, and broadcasts the new block to other miners by using the terrestrial blockchain miner network. Other miners receiving the new block check the validity of the block, and if the check succeeds, the block is broadcast to other miners by using the terrestrial blockchain miner network.

Abstract: Disclosed by the present disclosure is a skywave massive MIMO beam structure precoding-based transmission method and a system thereof. The skywave massive MIMO communication base station generates a transmitted signal by utilizing a beam structure precoder, and implements a downlink precoding transmission. The beam structure precoder is composed of a low dimensional beam domain precoder of each user, a beam mapping module of each user, and a beam modulating module, the low dimensional beam domain precoder of each user is a precoder on a beam set of each user, the beam mapping module of each user is configured to map a low dimensional beam domain precoding signal of each user to a complete beam domain transmitted signal, the beam modulating module is configured to multiply a beam matrix by a beam domain transmitted signal vector, and the beam domain transmitted signal vector is a sum of beam domain transmitted signal vectors for each user.

Abstract: An improved gossip-protocol-based method, a device, a piece of equipment and a medium for incentivizing block propagation. By improving the Gossip protocol and embedding block propagation rewards, the block forwarding process is accelerated. The designed signature chain structure records the block forwarding path and ensures that the path information is not tampered with. By combining the signature chain structure with the block generation process, the rewards are ensured to be truly and reliably distributed. A block propagation reward distribution strategy is designed to prevent forwarding nodes from adding pseudonyms in the propagation path. Therefore, the method can reduce the blockchain stale rate and enhance the scalability and consensus performance of the blockchain by accelerating block propagation in the presence of selfish nodes, and addresses the problem that selfish nodes refuse to forward blocks to save communication consumptions in the current blockchain network.

Abstract: Disclosed is a transmit method based on satellite massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) integrated sensing and communication, where a satellite end is equipped with a massive MIMO array to implement an integrated sensing and communication system. The satellite end sends a communication signal to multiple user terminals based on statistical properties of electromagnetic wave propagation, and detects multiple targets simultaneously, thus realizing simultaneous communication of the satellite end with the user terminals and sensing for the targets. The present disclosure fully utilizes the spectrum resources, implements a flexible switch between wireless communication and target sensing functions based on a satellite, and mitigates the effects of the beam squint on system performance, thus greatly improving communication performance and radar resolution and being applicable for construction of an integrated network of space, air, ground and sea to achieve global coverage.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and system for acquiring massive MIMO beam domain statistical channel information. A refined beam domain channel model involved in the disclosed method is based on a refined sampling steering vector matrix. Compared with a traditional DFT matrix-based beam domain channel model, when antenna size is limited, said model is closer to a physical channel model, and provides a model basis for solving the problem of the universality of massive MIMO for various typical mobile scenarios under a constraint on antenna size. The present invention provides a method for acquiring massive MIMO refined beam domain a priori statistical channel information and a posteriori statistical channel information, the a posteriori statistical channel information comprising mean and variance information of the a posteriori channel.

Abstract: Disclosed is a transmit method based on satellite massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) integrated sensing and communication, where a satellite end is equipped with a massive MIMO array to implement an integrated sensing and communication system. The satellite end sends a communication signal to multiple user terminals based on statistical properties of electromagnetic wave propagation, and detects multiple targets simultaneously, thus realizing simultaneous communication of the satellite end with the user terminals and sensing for the targets. The present disclosure fully utilizes the spectrum resources, implements a flexible switch between wireless communication and target sensing functions based on a satellite, and mitigates the effects of the beam squint on system performance, thus greatly improving communication performance and radar resolution and being applicable for construction of an integrated network of space, air, ground and sea to achieve global coverage.

Abstract: A blockchain-enhanced open Internet of Things (IoT) access architecture includes an access point, a number of IoT devices, a hash access mechanism, a blockchain mining network, and a blockchain enabling mechanism that manages network access of the IoT device. The blockchain-enhanced open IoT access architecture provided in the present invention provides a secure, reliable, fair, and short-packet access service for a plurality of devices in an IoT network by using features of a blockchain such as distributed storage, tamper-proofing, and traceability, thereby promoting the trust and cooperation between the devices and ensuring the security and efficiency of the network in the large-scale untrustworthy IoT network. The blockchain-enhanced open IoT access architecture in the present invention can provide secure and reliable IoT access with low latency and a high value in practice.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a large-scale MIMO satellite mobile communication method and system. A satellite or gateway station uses spatial angle information of user terminals to group the users to be served in the coverage area to form space division user groups, wherein the user terminals in the same group use the same time-frequency resources to communicate with the satellite, while the user terminals in different groups use different time-frequency resources to communicate with the satellite. For the user terminals in the same space division user group, the satellite or gateway station uses statistical channel information of each user terminal to calculate a downlink precoding vector and an uplink receiving processing vector corresponding to each user terminal, and then uses the obtained vectors to perform downlink precoding transmission and uplink received signal processing.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a satellite-based blockchain architecture, including a terrestrial blockchain miner network, a constellation system, and a consensus protocol coordinating the constellation system and the terrestrial blockchain miner network. In each round, a satellite generates an oracle, and satellites broadcast the oracle to the terrestrial blockchain miner network. The oracle selects a terrestrial miner as a winner of the current round based on a specific rule. The winning terrestrial miner has the right to generate a new block in the round, and broadcasts the new block to other miners by using the terrestrial blockchain miner network. Other miners receiving the new block check the validity of the block, and if the check succeeds, the block is broadcast to other miners by using the terrestrial blockchain miner network.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a skywave large-scale MIMO communication method, model, and system. A skywave communication base station in a short waveband is constructed using a large-scale antenna array, wherein skywave large-scale MIMO communication is carried out between the skywave communication base station and a user terminal in a coverage area by ionospheric reflection. The skywave communication base station determines a spacing of the large-scale antenna array according to a maximum operating frequency, and communicates with the user terminal based on a TDD communication mode, wherein a skywave large-scale MIMO signal is transmitted based on an OFDM modulation mode or a power efficiency improvement modulation mode. The skywave communication base station selects a communication carrier frequency within a short waveband range according to a real-time ionospheric channel characteristic, and adaptively selects an OFDM modulation parameter and a signal frame structure.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) beam domain robust precoding transmission method and system. The method is based on base station (BS)-side and user-side refined sampling steering vector matrices, and considers the influence of channel aging caused by mobility, where obtained channel state information is refined beam domain a posteriori statistical channel information including channel mean and variance information.

Abstract: A fiber enabled optical wireless communication (FE-OWC) system and method is provided. An optical antenna composed of an optical fiber transceiving port array and a lens or a reflecting mirror is used to generate optical beams in different directions, such that full-beam coverage of a communication area is implemented. The optical antenna is connected to an optical chain by an optical fiber, the optical chain realizes mutual conversion of an optical signal and an electrical signal, and a baseband signal processing unit which is in electrical signal connection with the optical chain realizes user scheduling, transceiving signal processing, etc. Multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) or massive MIMO or beam division multiple access optical wireless communication between a base station and user terminals is implemented by using the optical beams. The FE-OWC system and method may support ultra-high-rate user data transmission and system throughput, and have a low complexity.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and system for acquiring massive MIMO beam domain statistical channel information. A refined beam domain channel model involved in the disclosed method is based on a refined sampling steering vector matrix. Compared with a traditional DFT matrix-based beam domain channel model, when antenna size is limited, said model is closer to a physical channel model, and provides a model basis for solving the problem of the universality of massive MIMO for various typical mobile scenarios under a constraint on antenna size. The present invention provides a method for acquiring massive MIMO refined beam domain a priori statistical channel information and a posteriori statistical channel information, the a posteriori statistical channel information comprising mean and variance information of the a posteriori channel.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a skywave large-scale MIMO communication method, model, and system. A skywave communication base station in a short waveband is constructed using a large-scale antenna array, wherein skywave large-scale MIMO communication is carried out between the skywave communication base station and a user terminal in a coverage area by ionospheric reflection. The skywave communication base station determines a spacing of the large-scale antenna array according to a maximum operating frequency, and communicates with the user terminal based on a TDD communication mode, wherein a skywave large-scale MIMO signal is transmitted based on an OFDM modulation mode or a power efficiency improvement modulation mode. The skywave communication base station selects a communication carrier frequency within a short waveband range according to a real-time ionospheric channel characteristic, and adaptively selects an OFDM modulation parameter and a signal frame structure.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) beam domain robust precoding transmission method and system. The method is based on base station (BS)-side and user-side refined sampling steering vector matrices, and considers the influence of channel aging caused by mobility, where obtained channel state information is refined beam domain a posteriori statistical channel information including channel mean and variance information.

Abstract: A large-scale MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) wireless transmission method for millimeter wave/Terahertz networks is provided. In order to reduce the interruption of propagation in the millimeter wave/Terahertz band, a plurality of cells are combined into a wireless transmission network, the base station in each cell is equipped with a large-scale antenna array, and a unitary transformation matrix is used to achieve large-scale beam coverage for user terminals in the entire network. Moreover, in order to reduce the influence of the multipath and Doppler effects on transmission performance, received signals are synchronized for time and frequency in each receiving beam of a user terminal. The method allocates power for signal transmission according to the statistic information of synchronized equivalent channels, and gives an optimal power allocation matrix by iterative solution based on the CCCP (concave-convex procedure) and the deterministic equivalent method.

Abstract: A blockchain-enhanced open Internet of Things (IoT) access architecture includes an access point, a number of IoT devices, a hash access mechanism, a blockchain mining network, and a blockchain enabling mechanism that manages network access of the IoT device. The blockchain-enhanced open IoT access architecture provided in the present invention provides a secure, reliable, fair, and short-packet access service for a plurality of devices in an IoT network by using features of a blockchain such as distributed storage, tamper-proofing, and traceability, thereby promoting the trust and cooperation between the devices and ensuring the security and efficiency of the network in the large-scale untrustworthy IoT network. The blockchain-enhanced open IoT access architecture in the present invention can provide secure and reliable IoT access with low latency and a high value in practice.

Abstract: A large-scale MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) wireless transmission method for millimeter wave/Terahertz networks is provided. In order to reduce the interruption of propagation in the millimeter wave/Terahertz band, a plurality of cells are combined into a wireless transmission network, the base station in each cell is equipped with a large-scale antenna array, and a unitary transformation matrix is used to achieve large-scale beam coverage for user terminals in the entire network. Moreover, in order to reduce the influence of the multipath and Doppler effects on transmission performance, received signals are synchronized for time and frequency in each receiving beam of a user terminal. The method allocates power for signal transmission according to the statistic information of synchronized equivalent channels, and gives an optimal power allocation matrix by iterative solution based on the CCCP (concave-convex procedure) and the deterministic equivalent method.

Abstract: A massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) robust precoding transmission method under imperfect channel state information (CSI), wherein the imperfect CSI obtained by the base station (BS) side of the massive MIMO system is modeled as an a posteriori statistical channel model including channel mean and channel variance information. The model considers the effects of channel estimation error, channel aging and spatial correlation. The BS performs the robust precoding transmission by using the a posteriori statistical channel model, so that the universality problem of the massive MIMO to various typical moving scenarios can be solved, and high spectral efficiency is achieved.

Abstract: The invention discloses a beam domain optical wireless communication method and system. A base station is equipped with an array of optical transceiver ports or transmitter/receiver ports and a lens, each optical transceiver port forms a beam with centralized energy through the lens, and the base station generates beams in different directions by using the optical transceiver port array and the lens, thereby realizing multi-beam coverage or large-scale beam coverage in a communication region. The base station transmits/receives signals of multiple or a large number of user terminals by using channel state information of each user terminal, and different optical transceiver ports transmit/receive signals in different directions, thereby realizing simultaneous communication and bidirectional communication between the base station and different user terminals.