Abstract: A strength measurement system for rock specimen under microwave effect includes a supporting device, a testing cabin, a strength test device, a hydraulic loading device and a microwave transmitting device. Testing cabin is arranged on supporting device; strength test device is arranged in testing cabin, and a rock specimen is arranged on strength test device; a fixed end of hydraulic loading device is arranged on supporting device, and a movable end of hydraulic loading device acts on rock specimen; microwave transmitting device is arranged on testing cabin, and microwave transmitting device acts on rock specimen. Testing cabin has isolation function and limits microwave within testing cabin. By loading microwave on rock specimen by means of microwave transmitting device, effect of microwave on rock strength is learnt, and correlation between power and duration of microwave on rock specimen and rock strength is studied in targeted manner.