Abstract: Disclosed is a class of triaromatic compounds targeting a bifunctional phosphorylation site of STAT3, such as compounds represented by formulas (I) to (V), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, solvates, metabolites or prodrugs thereof. Further proposed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds represented by formulas (I) to (V). Further proposed are applications of the triaromatic compounds in the preparation of drugs for preventing and/or treating diseases caused or regulated by activation of the bifunctional phosphorylation site of STAT3.

Abstract: A method for determining a fluid flow rate with a fluid control valve utilizes inherent characteristics of a particular valve in conjunction with easily measured parameters in order to determine a flow rate through the valve. A valve flow characteristic equation, a flow coefficient, and a rangeability for the valve are known and hardcoded into a chipset that controls the valve. A differential pressure transducer measures the pressure drop across the valve. A valve actuator controls the valve opening fraction. The differential pressure transducer and the valve actuator provide feedback signals to the chipset. The known and measured parameters are used to calculate an instantaneous valve characteristic and a fully-open flow rate for the valve. The instantaneous flow rate through the valve is then calculated from the instantaneous valve characteristic and the fully-open flow rate.