Abstract: Electrochemical conversion of nitrate to ammonia is an approach to alleviate nitrate pollution in water and simultaneously generate green NH3 fuels. The practical application of this approach is challenging due to the lack of efficient electrocatalysts. The present disclosure relates generally to an electrocatalyst including a plurality of CuWO4 hollow nanospheres, which include asymmetric oxygen vacancies and adjacent Mo clusters, and methods of making and using the same. The electrocatalyst of the present disclosure is designed for efficient ammonia electrosynthesis.

Abstract: A design of efficient and robust electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) under all pH conditions is provided. Especially, the present invention provides a yolk-shell nanostructure with Rh nanoparticles embedded in S, N co-doped carbon nanostructures prepared by a facile self-template method. The obtained nanostructures can achieve an extremely small overpotential of 10-20 mV at 10 mA cm?2, a Tafel slope of 20-30 mV dec?1, a TOF of 0.1-0.3 s?1 (at ?75 mV/RHE) and long-term durability more than 10 hours.

Abstract: Ternary heterostructure comprising Ni2P, MoNiP2, and MoP, wherein the ternary heterostructure comprises crystalline regions and amorphous regions useful as an electrocatalyst for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction; a cathode and an electrochemical cell including the same; and methods of preparation and use thereof.

Abstract: A three-dimensional non-noble-metal-based electrocatalysis electrode structure is provided. The electrode structure includes one or more layers of fused and approximately aligned elongated electrocatalyst nanoparticles that include a non-noble metal alloy or non-noble metal compound. Anisotropic nanochannels are positioned between the fused and approximately aligned elongated electrocatalyst nanoparticles that are configured to transfer generated gas bubbles therethrough. The elongated electrocatalyst nanoparticles may be nanorods that may have a diameter of approximately 20 to 50 nanometers and a length of approximately 80 to 300 nanometers. The anisotropic nanochannels may have a channel width of approximately 50-150 nanometers. The non-noble metal may be one or more of iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, molybdenum, or tungsten.

Abstract: A design of efficient and robust electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) under all pH conditions is provided. Especially, the present invention provides a yolk-shell nanostructure with Rh nanoparticles embedded in S, N co-doped carbon nanostructures prepared by a facile self-template method. The obtained nanostructures can achieve an extremely small overpotential of 10-20 mV at 10 mA cm?2, a Tafel slope of 20-30 mV dec?1, a TOF of 0.1-0.3 s?1 (at ?75 mV/RHE) and long-term durability more than 10 hours.

Abstract: Electrochemical conversion of nitrate to ammonia is an approach to alleviate nitrate pollution in water and simultaneously generate green NH3 fuels. The practical application of this approach is challenging due to the lack of efficient electrocatalysts. The present disclosure relates generally to an electrocatalyst including a plurality of CuWO4 hollow nanospheres, which include asymmetric oxygen vacancies and adjacent Mo clusters, and methods of making and using the same. The electrocatalyst of the present disclosure is designed for efficient ammonia electrosynthesis.