Abstract: In various embodiments, an inductor thermal management system includes an inductor, and a heat sink. The heat sink includes a cavity and a spacer adapted to situate the inductor within the cavity and separate the inductor from at least one wall of the cavity such that heat is transferred from the inductor into the heat sink multi-directionally.

Abstract: An exemplary heating ventilation and cooling (HVAC) system includes a multi-phase power input, an AC-DC rectifier connected to a DC-AC inverter via a DC power bus, a multi-phase power output connecting the DC-AC inverter to a fan blower motor, and at least one redundancy power system. The redundancy power system is configured to bypass at least one of the AC-DC rectifier and the DC-AC inverter.

Abstract: A transportation refrigeration system including: a transportation refrigeration unit including a compressor, one or more valves, and a controller; an energy storage device configured to provide electrical power to the transportation refrigeration unit; and an intelligent charging connector in electrical communication with the energy storage device and/or the transportation refrigeration unit, the intelligent charging connector being connectable to a power grid and being configured to selectively control a provision of electrical power to the transportation refrigeration unit from the energy storage device and/or the power grid by transitioning the provision of electrical power to the transportation refrigeration unit from being supplied by the energy storage device or the power grid in response to the intelligent charging connector being connected to the power grid or in conjunction with the intelligent charging connector being disconnected from the power grid, respectively.

Abstract: A transport refrigeration system includes a compressor, condenser and evaporator configured to circulate a refrigerant; a motor configured to drive the compressor; a battery and power electronics configured to power the motor; an ambient air temperature sensor configured to monitor ambient air at the battery; a cooling unit configured to cool the power electronics; a controller, wherein the controller is configured to: receive an ambient air temperature of the compartment housing the battery; compare the ambient air temperature to a temperature threshold; and based at least in part on the comparing the ambient air temperature to the temperature threshold, performing at least one of (i) modify a cooling rate of the cooling unit and (ii) modify an operating parameter of the power electronics.

Abstract: A transport refrigeration unit (TRU) system is provided and includes a high-voltage power source, a low-voltage power source, at least one of the high-voltage power source and the low-voltage power source including a fuel cell configured to provide electricity to the transport refrigeration unit, a first electrical load, which is optimally powered by the high-voltage power source, a second electrical load, which is optimally powered by the low-voltage power source and an electrical distribution system by which the high-voltage power source is directly electrically connected to the first electrical load and the low-voltage power source is directly electrically connected to the second electrical load.

Abstract: A transport refrigeration system includes a transport refrigeration unit configured to provide conditioned air to a refrigerated cargo space of a container; a low voltage DC power source including a fuel cell configured to provide electricity to the transport refrigeration unit; a power converter configured to condition DC power from the low voltage DC power source prior to supply to a transport refrigeration unit load; and a power management module configured to manage power provided to the transport refrigeration unit.

Abstract: A mechanical enclosure for a power converter is disclosed. In some embodiments, the mechanical enclosure comprises a base; a first compartment configured for receiving one or more electronic devices; and a second compartment configured for receiving a magnetic device, the second compartment formed by a cavity protruding from a bottom surface of the base.

Abstract: An air conditioning system includes a compressor including a motor, a condenser, and an evaporator; a drive including an inverter providing a multiphase, AC output voltage to the motor; a current sensor configured to sense an output current generated by the inverter; a controller configured to communicate with the current sensor and the inverter, the controller configured to provide a voltage command to the inverter, the controller configured to execute operations including: monitor the output current generated by the inverter; compare the output current to a threshold; determine the occurrence of an over current condition when the output current exceeds the threshold; when an over current condition is detected, reducing the voltage command to the inverter.

Abstract: A high-voltage system for a transport refrigeration unit (TRU) includes a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) source, and a first converter coupling the HVDC source to a distribution bus, the distribution bus is coupled to a compressor, at least one condenser, and at least one evaporator. A distribution bus is coupled to a compressor bus coupled to the compressor, a condenser bus coupled to the at least one condenser, and an evaporator bus coupled to the at least one evaporator.

Abstract: A low-voltage system of a transport refrigeration unit (TRU) includes a low-voltage direct current (LVDC) source; and a distribution bus coupled to the LVDC, the distribution bus is coupled to a compressor, at least one condenser, and at least one evaporator.

Abstract: A method and a system for operating a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) centric energy hub. A power conversion system is configured to condition power and is coupled to an HVAC system, a power grid, an energy storage device, an alternative energy source, and one or more loads. An energy management system is coupled to the power conversion system, the energy management system is configured to manage distribution of power from the power grid, the energy storage device, and the alternative energy source to the one or more loads and is further configured to communicate with energy management systems of other hubs.

Abstract: A transportation refrigeration system including: a transportation refrigeration unit comprising a motor; a power conversion unit configured convert an amplitude, a frequency and a phase of an input electrical power signal, wherein the power conversion unit comprises a first power bridge, a DC link and a second power bridge; an energy storage device configured to supply electrical power to the motor via the power conversion unit during a road mode; a first switch configured to selectively connect the first power bridge to the energy storage device or the motor; and a second switch configured to selectively connect the second power bridge to the motor or a power grid; wherein the first switch and second switch are positioned to connect the first power bridge and second power bridge to specified sources and outputs during each of the road mode and the standby mode.

Abstract: A voltage conversion system includes an energy storage device; a power conversion unit connected to the energy storage device, the power conversion unit comprising: an inductor, the inductor comprising a number of coils that are non-coupled or weakly coupled, with a coupling coefficient less than 0.05; a multi-phase boost stage coupled to the inductor, wherein the multiphase boost stage comprises a number of phases that equals the number of coils; an inverter coupled to the multiphase boost stage; and a load coupled to the power conversion unit.

Abstract: A multiphase converter is disclosed. The multiphase converter comprises multiple phase legs. Each leg has a combination of power semiconductors. The multiphase converter further comprises a terminal current sensor configured to generate output signals indicating a terminal current flowing through the multiphase converter. The multiphase converter further comprises a plurality of current sensors configured to generate output signals indicating low side switch phase current of each phase leg. The multiphase converter further comprises a low pass filter for filtering out high frequency component of the low side switch current signal for each phase leg.

Abstract: A transport refrigeration unit is configured to provide conditioned air to a refrigerated cargo space and includes: an AC battery pack configured to store and convert DC electricity to AC electricity and provide the AC electricity to power the transport refrigeration unit as three phase electrical power, the AC battery pack includes: a first phase group including a first plurality of battery modules, the first phase group being configured to provide the AC electricity in a first phase; a second phase group including a second plurality of battery modules, the second phase group being configured to provide the AC electricity in a second phase; and a third phase group including a third plurality of battery modules, the third phase group being configured to provide the AC electricity in a third phase. The first phase, the second phase, and the third phase are each shaped as a stair step sine wave.

Abstract: A mechanical assembly includes a power semiconductor device located inside of a mechanical enclosure, and a magnetic component located outside of the mechanical enclosure and operably connected to the power semiconductor device. The power semiconductor device and the magnetic component are cooled via a common air pathway outside of the mechanical enclosure. A power converter includes a powered semiconductor device located inside of a mechanical enclosure, the power semiconductor device configured to convert DC input power to AC output power, and an inductor located outside of the mechanical enclosure and operably connected to the power semiconductor device. The power semiconductor device and the magnetic component are cooled via a common air pathway outside of the mechanical enclosure.

Abstract: A power electronics unit, a vapor compression system incorporating the power electronics unit, and a method of cooling a power electronics unit are provided. The power electronics unit includes a semiconductor portion and an inductor portion. Approximately 80% of the heat generated by the power electronics unit may be derived from the semiconductor portion. Approximately 20% of the heat generated by the power electronics unit may be derived from the inductor portion. The semiconductor portion is cooled using at least one fan. The inductor portion is cooled using a working fluid (e.g., a refrigerant). The working fluid may be provided from upstream of the evaporator in the vapor compression system. Limiting the use working fluid to only cool the inductor portion of the power electronics unit may minimize the impact of the power electronics unit on the vapor compression system.

Abstract: A multi-unit transport refrigeration system including: a first transportation refrigeration unit configured to refrigerate a first transport container; a second transportation refrigeration unit configured to refrigerate a second transport container; and an energy management system including: an energy storage device configured to store electricity to power the first second transportation refrigeration unit; and a power conversion system electrically connecting the energy storage device to the first transportation refrigeration unit and the second transportation refrigeration unit, the power conversion system including: a first DC/DC converter configured to increase a voltage of the electricity received from the energy storage device from a first voltage to a second voltage; and a first DC/AC inverter configured to convert the electricity received from the first DC/DC converter from DC to AC and then convey the electricity to at least one of the first transportation refrigeration unit or the second transporta

Abstract: Systems for operating a rectifier are provided. Aspects include a rectifier including a set of bridge structures configured to receive an input current of a power supply, wherein each bridge structure in the set of bridge structures includes a set of diodes and a set of active switches, wherein each active switch in the set of active switches is configured to provide a parallel path around each diode in the set of diodes when in a PWM state, a controller configure to determine a threshold current for the rectifier and operate one or more active switches in the rectifier in a PWM state based on the input current being less than the threshold current.

Abstract: A power electronics unit, a vapor compression system incorporating the power electronics unit, and a method of cooling a power electronics unit are provided. The power electronics unit includes a semiconductor portion and an inductor portion. Approximately 80% of the heat generated by the power electronics unit may be derived from the semiconductor portion. Approximately 20% of the heat generated by the power electronics unit may be derived from the inductor portion. The semiconductor portion is cooled using at least one fan. The inductor portion is cooled using a working fluid (e.g., a refrigerant). The working fluid may be provided from upstream of the evaporator in the vapor compression system. Limiting the use working fluid to only cool the inductor portion of the power electronics unit may minimize the impact of the power electronics unit on the vapor compression system.