Abstract: A graphics processing unit (GPU) may determine a workload of a fragment shader program that executes on the GPU. The GPU may compare the workload of the fragment shader program to a threshold. In response to determining that the workload of the fragment shader program is lower than a specified threshold, the fragment shader program may process one or more fragments without the GPU performing early depth testing of the one or more fragments before the processing by the fragment shader program. The GPU may perform, after processing by the fragment shader program, late depth testing of the one or more fragments to result in one or more non-occluded fragments. The GPU may write pixel values for the one or more non-occluded fragments into a frame buffer.

Abstract: The present applies to digital wavelength converters that convert, independently of the format in which optical data may be encoded, an input waveform at a first wavelength to an output waveform at a second wavelength. When operating in an environment where an input waveform has a pilot tone associated thereto, the method and system of the present disclosure allows for the removal of the pilot tone from the input waveform, and also allows for the addition of another pilot to the output waveform.

Abstract: The present applies to digital wavelength converters that convert, independently of the format in which optical data may be encoded, an input waveform at a first wavelength to an output waveform at a second wavelength. When operating in an environment where an input waveform has a pilot tone associated thereto, the method and system of the present disclosure allows for the removal of the pilot tone from the input waveform, and also allows for the addition of another pilot to the output waveform.

Abstract: The present applies to digital wavelength converters that convert, independently of the format in which optical data may be encoded, an input waveform at a first wavelength to an output waveform at a second wavelength. When operating in an environment where an input waveform has a pilot tone associated thereto, the method and system of the present disclosure allows for the removal of the pilot tone from the input waveform, and also allows for the addition of another pilot to the output waveform.

Abstract: A method of estimating nonlinear transmission impairments of an Optical Channel (OCh) trail in an optical communications network. A per-span nonlinear field variance is calculated for each span of the trail. The per-span nonlinear field variance represents nonlinearly induced noise due to the transmission impairments of that span. The nonlinearly induced noise being imparted to a signal transmitted through the trail and detected by the receiver. A respective covariance between the nonlinear fields contributed by each span pair of the OCh trail is computed. The covariance represents the correlation of the nonlinearly induced noise imparted to the signal within the first span of a span pair with the nonlinearly induced noise imparted to the signal within the second span of the pair. A covariance matrix is populated using the computed per-span variance values and covariance values. A total nonlinear field variance is computed by summing over the covariance matrix elements.

Abstract: A fixing device, and a heat sink device or a shield case comprising the same. The fixing device is used to connect the heat sink device or the shield case to a circuit board. The circuit board has a via hole which comprises a first size, a second size, and a first height. The fixing device has a connecting member which comprises successively along its extending direction a first boss part, a clamping part, and a second boss part. The first boss part has a first width; the clamping part engages with the via hole, and has a second width and a second height; the second boss part has a third width. The third width is smaller than the second size, the second width equals to the first size, the second height equals to the first height, and the first and third width are larger than the first size.

Abstract: A frequency-hopping control method is performed by a frequency-hopping control module that generates a driving signal for driving a voltage converting circuit to generate an output voltage. The method includes, generating a control signal according to a regulating signal inversely proportional to the output voltage of the voltage converting circuit. The control signal is cyclical, and each cycle of which includes an off-time having a variable duration with an inverse relation to magnitude of the regulating signal, and an on-time having a substantially fixed duration. The driving signal is generated according to the control signal and a periodic pulse signal. Therefore, the output voltage can be stabilized, and the voltage converting circuit can perform voltage conversion with reduced power loss and improved voltage conversion efficiency.

Abstract: A frequency-hopping control method is performed by a frequency-hopping control module that generates a driving signal for driving a voltage converting circuit to generate an output voltage. The method includes, generating a control signal according to a regulating signal inversely proportional to the output voltage of the voltage converting circuit. The control signal is cyclical, and each cycle of which includes an off-time having a variable duration with an inverse relation to magnitude of the regulating signal, and an on-time having a substantially fixed duration. The driving signal is generated according to the control signal and a periodic pulse signal. Therefore, the output voltage can be stabilized, and the voltage converting circuit can perform voltage conversion with reduced power loss and improved voltage conversion efficiency.