Abstract: The memory cell includes: a piezoelectric substrate layer, wherein two ends of the piezoelectric substrate layer are respectively provided with a first electrode and a second electrode, and a current-free drive of skyrmion is implemented by applying a voltage to the first electrode and the second electrode; a magnetic layer on a surface of the piezoelectric substrate layer, wherein the magnetic layer is used to form a heterojunction with the piezoelectric substrate layer, and is used to generate, stabilize, and serve as a basic carrier for a movement of the skyrmion; wherein the magnetic layer includes a convex body, the convex body is configured to divide the magnetic layer into a bit region and a memory region, and the bit region is provided with a magnetic tunnel junction used to perform generation and detection functions of the skyrmion.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an SOT-MRAM memory cell, including: a bottom electrode; a magnetic tunnel junction layer located on the bottom electrode; an orbital Hall effect layer located on the magnetic tunnel junction layer; a first transistor, a drain of which is connected to the orbital Hall effect layer; and a second transistor, a drain of which is connected to the bottom electrode. The present disclosure further provides an SOT-MRAM memory, an operation method, and an SOT-MRAM memory array.

Abstract: A wireless communication includes multiple transceivers that may be utilized for wireless communication over multiple frequency ranges. One of the transceivers is communicatively coupled to antennas that may be utilized to transmit or receive wireless signals having frequencies in different portions of one of the frequency ranges.

Abstract: Wireless communication circuitry includes a single transmission pathway for transmitting radio frequency signals in different frequency bands used for communicating on different types of wireless networks.

Abstract: Provided are a reconfigurable neuron device based on ion gate regulation and a method of preparing the same. The device includes: a synthetic antiferromagnetic layer, a metal oxide layer, an ionic liquid layer and a top electrode layer which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top. A left boundary antiferromagnetic layer and a right boundary antiferromagnetic layer having opposite magnetization directions are provided on two opposite edges of a bottom end of the synthetic antiferromagnetic layer, and a magnetic tunnel junction configured to output a spike signal is further provided in a middle portion of the bottom end of the synthetic antiferromagnetic layer. The metal oxide layer, the ionic liquid layer and the top electrode layer constitute an ion gate, the ionic liquid layer includes a positive ion and a negative ion.

Abstract: An electrostatic discharge protection circuit capable of clamping both positive and negative ESD events and passing signals is provided. Generally, the circuit includes a p-channel field-effect transistor (PFET) clamp coupled to a pin to be protected, the PFET clamp including a plurality of PFETs in a DN-well, an n-channel field-effect transistors (NFET) clamp coupled between ground and the pin through the PFET clamp, the NFET clamp including a plurality of NFETs coupled in series, and a bias network for biasing a voltage of the DN well to substantially equal a voltage on the pin when the voltage on the pin is greater than ground potential, and to ground potential when the pin voltage is less than ground potential. The plurality of are PFETs coupled in parallel between the pin and the NFET clamp, each of the PFETs is coupled to the pin though one of a plurality ballast resistors.

Abstract: A radio frequency device includes antennas, transmitters, power detectors, a memory storing instructions and an antenna gain lookup table, and processors. The processors execute instructions that include instructing the transmitters to send transmission signals through the antennas to form a first beamformed signal having a first beam direction and a first frequency using multiple input powers. The instructions include determining radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) gains associated with the transmitters based on the transmission signals using the power detectors. Moreover, the instructions include determining the antenna gains for the antennas based on the first beam direction and the first frequency of the first beamformed signal, and the antenna gain lookup table. The instructions also include determining total gains based on the RFIC gains and the antenna gains, and adjusting the input powers based on the total gains and a back off power signal.

Abstract: An electrostatic discharge protection circuit capable of clamping both positive and negative ESD events and passing signals is provided. Generally, the circuit includes a p-channel field-effect transistor (PFET) clamp coupled to a pin to be protected, the PFET clamp including a plurality of PFETs in a DN-well, an n-channel field-effect transistors (NFET) clamp coupled between ground and the pin through the PFET clamp, the NFET clamp including a plurality of NFETs coupled in series, and a bias network for biasing a voltage of the DN well to substantially equal a voltage on the pin when the voltage on the pin is greater than ground potential, and to ground potential when the pin voltage is less than ground potential. The plurality of are PFETs coupled in parallel between the pin and the NFET clamp, each of the PFETs is coupled to the pin though one of a plurality ballast resistors.

Abstract: A radio frequency device includes antennas, transmitters, power detectors, a memory storing instructions and an antenna gain lookup table, and processors. The processors execute instructions that include instructing the transmitters to send transmission signals through the antennas to form a first beamformed signal having a first beam direction and a first frequency using multiple input powers. The instructions include determining radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) gains associated with the transmitters based on the transmission signals using the power detectors. Moreover, the instructions include determining the antenna gains for the antennas based on the first beam direction and the first frequency of the first beamformed signal, and the antenna gain lookup table. The instructions also include determining total gains based on the RFIC gains and the antenna gains, and adjusting the input powers based on the total gains and a back off power signal.

Abstract: An electrostatic discharge protection circuit capable of clamping both positive and negative ESD events and passing signals is provided. Generally, the circuit includes a p-channel field-effect transistor (PFET) clamp coupled to a pin to be protected, the PFET clamp including a plurality of PFETs in a DN-well, an n-channel field-effect transistors (NFET) clamp coupled between ground and the pin through the PFET clamp, the NFET clamp including a plurality of NFETs coupled in series, and a bias network for biasing a voltage of the DN well to substantially equal a voltage on the pin when the voltage on the pin is greater than ground potential, and to ground potential when the pin voltage is less than ground potential. The plurality of are PFETs coupled in parallel between the pin and the NFET clamp, each of the PFETs is coupled to the pin though one of a plurality ballast resistors.

Abstract: Wireless network interfaces that are capable of transmitting and/or receiving beamformed radiofrequency (RF) signals may be assisted by the use of codebooks. Electronic devices with memory to store a database of codebooks may be used to increase the number of entries available for operation. The database of codebooks may employ environmental parameters to improve efficiency of the wireless network interface. Methods for calibration of electronic devices and/or adjustment and selection of codebooks based on the parameters are also described. The calibration may employ a testing chamber that measure powers at in a limited number of angles.

Abstract: A radio frequency device includes antennas, transmitters, power detectors, a memory storing instructions and an antenna gain lookup table, and processors. The processors execute instructions that include instructing the transmitters to send transmission signals through the antennas to form a first beamformed signal having a first beam direction and a first frequency using multiple input powers. The instructions include determining radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) gains associated with the transmitters based on the transmission signals using the power detectors. Moreover, the instructions include determining the antenna gains for the antennas based on the first beam direction and the first frequency of the first beamformed signal, and the antenna gain lookup table. The instructions also include determining total gains based on the RFIC gains and the antenna gains, and adjusting the input powers based on the total gains and a back off power signal.

Abstract: An electronic device has multiple transmitters to transmit multiple signals. The electronic device also has a receiver to receive a signal. Moreover, the electronic device has a memory to store instructions and a processor to execute the instructions. The instructions cause the processor to send a test transmission signal from a transmitter of the multiple of transmitters, receive the test transmission signal at the receiver, and determine a gain of the test transmission signal. In response to determining that the gain is within a threshold range of an initial gain, the instructions cause the processor to send an indication that the receiver is operating as expected.

Abstract: An electronic device has multiple transmitters to transmit multiple signals. The electronic device also has a receiver to receive a signal. Moreover, the electronic device has a memory to store instructions and a processor to execute the instructions. The instructions cause the processor to send a test transmission signal from a transmitter of the multiple of transmitters, receive the test transmission signal at the receiver, and determine a gain of the test transmission signal. In response to determining that the gain is within a threshold range of an initial gain, the instructions cause the processor to send an indication that the receiver is operating as expected.

Abstract: A soft tissue simulator for magnetic resonance imaging and a method for simulated testing are disclosed. The simulator includes a base for supporting a soft tissue or organ sample, an indenter, a pneumatic cylinder and an air source. The pneumatic cylinder is separated into a first chamber and a second chamber. The air source includes a pneumatic generation source and a reversing valve having a first air outlet and a second air outlet which are respectively connected to the first and second chambers. The reversing valve is used to control compressed air to enter the first or second chamber to control the movement of the indenter. The indenter is controlled to have a periodic or unidirectional movement, to simulate the movement of a human organ or soft tissue. The simulator can used for the measurement of physical characteristics of soft tissue based on magnetic resonance imaging.

Abstract: Wireless network interfaces that are capable of transmitting and/or receiving beamformed radiofrequency (RF) signals may be assisted by the use of codebooks. Electronic devices with memory to store a database of codebooks may be used to increase the number of entries available for operation. The database of codebooks may employ environmental parameters to improve efficiency of the wireless network interface. Methods for calibration of electronic devices and/or adjustment and selection of codebooks based on the parameters are also described. The calibration may employ a testing chamber that measure powers at in a limited number of angles.

Abstract: Wireless network interfaces that are capable of transmitting and/or receiving beamformed radiofrequency (RF) signals may be assisted by the use of codebooks. Electronic devices with memory to store a database of codebooks may be used to increase the number of entries available for operation. The database of codebooks may employ environmental parameters to improve efficiency of the wireless network interface. Methods for calibration of electronic devices and/or adjustment and selection of codebooks based on the parameters are also described. The calibration may employ a testing chamber that measure powers at in a limited number of angles.

Abstract: Wireless network interfaces that are capable of transmitting and/or receiving beamformed radiofrequency (RF) signals may be assisted by the use of codebooks. Electronic devices with memory to store a database of codebooks may be used to increase the number of entries available for operation. The database of codebooks may employ environmental parameters to improve efficiency of the wireless network interface. Methods for calibration of electronic devices and/or adjustment and selection of codebooks based on the parameters are also described. The calibration may employ a testing chamber that measure powers at in a limited number of angles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a soft tissue simulator for magnetic resonance imaging and a method for simulated testing. The simulator includes a base for supporting a soft tissue or organ sample, an indenter, a pneumatic cylinder and an air source. The pneumatic cylinder is separated into a first chamber and a second chamber. The air source includes a pneumatic generation source and a reversing valve having a first air outlet and a second air outlet which are respectively connected to the first and second chambers. The reversing valve is used to control compressed air to enter the first or second chamber to control the movement of the indenter. The indenter is controlled to have a periodic or unidirectional movement, to simulate the movement of a human organ or soft tissue. The invention is applicable to simulation of measurement of physical characteristics of soft tissue based on magnetic resonance imaging.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a method and electronic device for photo shooting in backlighting scene. The method includes: detecting real-time environmental parameters for photo shooting; performing backlighting scene identification according to the real-time environmental parameters; performing auxiliary processing of shooting for backlighting scene according to the identification result. The photo shooting method and electronic device for backlighting scene provided in embodiments of the present disclosure simplify the startup process of the auxiliary processing for backlighting scene.