Abstract: A sample pre-treatment system includes a sample storage module, a sample transfer module, a cover separating and closing module, a delivery module, a pipetting module and a control module. The sample storage module stores a container containing a biological sample. The sample transfer module grabs the container and transfers same to the delivery module. The delivery module delivers the container to the cover separating and closing module and the pipetting module, respectively. The cover separating and closing module scans identification codes of the container on the delivery module, and separates a cover from a container body of the container. The pipetting module performs distribution on the biological sample on the delivery module. The cover separating and closing module re-closes the cover on the container body on the delivery module. The sample transfer module transfers the container back. The control module controls above modules to work cooperatively.