Abstract: Provided is a method for regulating a thermal boundary conductance between a metal and an insulator, including: arranging a metal on a surface of an insulator, a contact surface between the metal and the insulator being a boundary between the metal and the insulator; and the insulator including a ferroelectric, a piezoelectric, or a pyroelectric; applying an external electric field or stress to the ferroelectric, and adjusting a magnitude of the external electric field or stress, or an included angle between a direction of the external electric field or stress with the boundary to regulate the thermal boundary conductance; or applying a stress to the piezoelectric, and adjusting a magnitude of the stress, or an included angle between a direction of the stress with the boundary to regulate the thermal boundary conductancer; or adjusting a temperature of the pyroelectric to regulate the thermal boundary conductance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a chromatographic process complex for the refining of krill oil extract including desalting, removal of impurities such as trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), and the production of krill oil products including desalted krill oil extract, polar lipid products having polar lipid contents greater than 50 wt-% on a dry or solvent free basis, neutral lipid streams for biodiesel production and astaxanthin. The refinery includes a continuous desalting zone, a fixed bed polar lipid extraction zone to adsorb neutral lipids and astaxanthin to provide a polar lipid extract stream comprising solvent and polar lipids and being essentially free of neutral lipids and astaxanthin, and an astaxanthin separation zone to recover essentially pure astaxanthin and provide a neutral lipid stream. The enriched products of the krill oil refinery are essentially free of TMAO and salt and provide products which can be used as dietary supplements and as medicinal additives.

Abstract: Disclosed is a chromatographic process complex for the refining of krill oil extract including desalting, removal of impurities such as trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), and the production of krill oil products including desalted krill oil extract, polar lipid products having polar lipid contents greater than 50 wt-% on a dry or solvent free basis, neutral lipid streams for biodiesel production and astaxanthin. The refinery includes a continuous desalting zone, a fixed bed polar lipid extraction zone to adsorb neutral lipids and astaxanthin to provide a polar lipid extract stream comprising solvent and polar lipids and being essentially free of neutral lipids and astaxanthin, and an astaxanthin separation zone to recover essentially pure astaxanthin and provide a neutral lipid stream. The enriched products of the krill oil refinery are essentially free of TMAO and salt and provide products which can be used as dietary supplements and as medicinal additives.

Abstract: Disclosed is a chromatographic process complex for the refining of krill oil extract including desalting, removal of impurities such as trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), and the production of krill oil products including desalted krill oil extract, polar lipid products having polar lipid contents greater than 50 wt-% on a dry or solvent free basis, neutral lipid streams for biodiesel production and astaxanthin. The refinery includes a continuous desalting zone, a fixed bed polar lipid extraction zone to adsorb neutral lipids and astaxanthin to provide a polar lipid extract stream comprising solvent and polar lipids and being essentially free of neutral lipids and astaxanthin, and an astaxanthin separation zone to recover essentially pure astaxanthin and provide a neutral lipid stream. The enriched products of the krill oil refinery are essentially free of TMAO and salt and provide products which can be used as dietary supplements and as medicinal additives.

Abstract: Disclosed is a chromatographic process complex for the refining of krill oil extract including desalting, removal of impurities such as trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), and the production of krill oil products including desalted krill oil extract, polar lipid products having polar lipid contents greater than 50 wt-% on a dry or solvent free basis, neutral lipid streams for biodiesel production and astaxanthin. The refinery includes a continuous desalting zone, a fixed bed polar lipid extraction zone to adsorb neutral lipids and astaxanthin to provide a polar lipid extract stream comprising solvent and polar lipids and being essentially free of neutral lipids and astaxanthin, and an astaxanthin separation zone to recover essentially pure astaxanthin and provide a neutral lipid stream. The enriched products of the krill oil refinery are essentially free of TMAO and salt and provide products which can be used as dietary supplements and as medicinal additives.

Abstract: Disclosed is a chromatographic process complex for the refining of krill oil extract including desalting, removal of impurities such as trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), and the production of krill oil products including desalted krill oil extract, polar lipid products having polar lipid contents greater than 50 wt-% on a dry or solvent free basis, neutral lipid streams for biodiesel production and astaxanthin. The refinery includes a continuous desalting zone, a fixed bed polar lipid extraction zone to adsorb neutral lipids and astaxanthin to provide a polar lipid extract stream comprising solvent and polar lipids and being essentially free of neutral lipids and astaxanthin, and an astaxanthin separation zone to recover essentially pure astaxanthin and provide a neutral lipid stream. The enriched products of the krill oil refinery are essentially free of TMAO and salt and provide products which can be used as dietary supplements and as medicinal additives.

Abstract: Disclosed is a chromatographic process complex for the refining of krill oil extract including desalting, removal of impurities such as trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), and the production of krill oil products including desalted krill oil extract, polar lipid products having polar lipid contents greater than 50 wt-% on a dry or solvent free basis, neutral lipid streams for biodiesel production and astaxanthin. The refinery includes a continuous desalting zone, a fixed bed polar lipid extraction zone to adsorb neutral lipids and astaxanthin to provide a polar lipid extract stream comprising solvent and polar lipids and being essentially free of neutral lipids and astaxanthin, and an astaxanthin separation zone to recover essentially pure astaxanthin and provide a neutral lipid stream. The enriched products of the krill oil refinery are essentially free of TMAO and salt and provide products which can be used as dietary supplements and as medicinal additives.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and apparatus or kit for extracting major metabolites of vitamin D from human plasma or serum. More particularly, the invention provides for the extraction from human plasma or serum samples comprising vitamin D metabolites such as 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3, 25-hydroxy vitamin D2, and D3 from protein binding, removal of protein and phospholipids, and isolation of the metabolites using a combination of ion-exchange and Lewis acid mechanisms without the requirement to acidify the samples. The method and apparatus of the invention comprise a cartridge or plurality of cartridges comprising at least one protein crash frit, a strong cation exchanged sorbent, and an acidified alumina sorbent to provide higher recoveries of vitamin D metabolites than existing phospholipid depletion plate techniques.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and apparatus or kit for extracting major metabolites of vitamin D from human plasma or serum. More particularly, the invention provides for the extraction from human plasma or serum samples comprising vitamin D metabolites such as 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3, 25-hydroxy vitamin D2, and D3 from protein binding, removal of protein and phospholipids, and isolation of the metabolites using a combination of ion-exchange and Lewis acid mechanisms without the requirement to acidify the samples. The method and apparatus of the invention comprise a cartridge or plurality of cartridges comprising at least one protein crash frit, a strong cation exchanged sorbent, and an acidified alumina sorbent to provide higher recoveries of vitamin D metabolites than existing phospholipid depletion plate techniques.