Abstract: Machine learning is a process that learns a model from a given dataset, where the model can then be used to make a prediction about new data. In order to reduce the costs associated with collecting and labeling real world datasets for use in training the model, computer processes can synthetically generate datasets which simulate real world data. The present disclosure improves the effectiveness of such synthetic datasets for training machine learning models used in real world applications, in particular by generating a synthetic dataset that is specifically targeted to a specified downstream task (e.g. a particular computer vision task, a particular natural language processing task, etc.).

Abstract: A computing system obtains image data representing images. Each of the images is captured at different time points of a physical environment. The physical environment comprises a first object and a second object. The computing system executes a control system to augment the physical environment. The control system detects a group forming in the images. The control system tracks an aspect of a movement, of a given object, in the group. The control system simulates the physical environment and the movement, of the given object, in the group in a simulated environment. The control system evaluates simulated actions in the simulated environment for a predefined objective for the physical environment. The predefined objective is related to an interaction between objects in the group. The control system generates based on evaluated simulated actions and autonomously from involvement by any user of the control system, an indication to augment the physical environment.

Abstract: A computing system responsive to obtaining original image data, detects a set of data point(s), in the original image data, that indicates an object. The system determines, based on the set of data point(s), a set of pixels associated with the object in the original image data. The system generates an alternative visual identifier for the object that provides a unique identifier for the set of pixels absent in the original image data. The system generates, autonomously from intervention by any user of the computing system, pixel information to conceal feature(s) of the object. The system obtains modified image data comprising the alternative visual identifier. The modified image data further comprises the feature(s) of the object in the original image data visually concealed in the modified image data according to the pixel information. The system outputs an image representation of a trajectory of the object through the modified image data.

Abstract: Computing resources consumed in performing computerized sequence-mining can be reduced by implementing some examples of the present disclosure. In one example, a system can determine weights for data entries in a data set and then select a group of data entries from the data set based on the weights. Next, the system can determine a group of k-length sequences present in the selected group of data entries by applying a shuffling algorithm. The system can then determine frequencies corresponding to the group of k-length sequences and select candidate sequences from among the group of k-length sequences based on the frequencies thereof. Next, the system can determine support values corresponding to the candidate sequences and then select output sequences from among the candidate sequences based on the support values thereof. The system may then transmit an output signal indicating the selected output sequences an electronic device.

Abstract: A computing system receives historical data. The historical data comprises physical actions taken in an experiment in a physical environment. The experiment comprises user-defined stages. The historical data comprises a recorded outcome, according to user-defined performance indicator(s) related to the user-defined stages, for each physical action taken in the experiment. The system generates, by a discrete event simulator, a computing representation of a simulated environment of the physical environment. The simulated environment comprises processing stages. The system obtains simulation data. The simulation data comprises simulated actions taken by the discrete event simulator. The simulation data comprises a predicted outcome, according to user-defined performance indicator(s) related to the processing stages, for each simulated action taken by the discrete event simulator. The system validates accuracy of the discrete event simulator at predicting the recorded outcome in the experiment.

Abstract: A computing system receives historical data. The historical data comprises physical actions taken in an experiment in a physical environment. The experiment comprises user-defined stages. The historical data comprises a recorded outcome, according to user-defined performance indicator(s) related to the user-defined stages, for each physical action taken in the experiment. The system generates, by a discrete event simulator, a computing representation of a simulated environment of the physical environment. The simulated environment comprises processing stages. The system obtains simulation data. The simulation data comprises simulated actions taken by the discrete event simulator. The simulation data comprises a predicted outcome, according to user-defined performance indicator(s) related to the processing stages, for each simulated action taken by the discrete event simulator. The system validates accuracy of the discrete event simulator at predicting the recorded outcome in the experiment.

Abstract: A computing system responsive to obtaining original image data, detects a set of data point(s), in the original image data, that indicates an object. The system determines, based on the set of data point(s), a set of pixels associated with the object in the original image data. The system generates an alternative visual identifier for the object that provides a unique identifier for the set of pixels absent in the original image data. The system generates, autonomously from intervention by any user of the computing system, pixel information to conceal feature(s) of the object. The system obtains modified image data comprising the alternative visual identifier. The modified image data further comprises the feature(s) of the object in the original image data visually concealed in the modified image data according to the pixel information. The system outputs an image representation of a trajectory of the object through the modified image data.

Abstract: A computing system obtains image data representing images. Each of the images is captured at different time points of a physical environment. The physical environment comprises a first object and a second object. The computing system executes a control system to augment the physical environment. The control system detects a group forming in the images. The control system tracks an aspect of a movement, of a given object, in the group. The control system simulates the physical environment and the movement, of the given object, in the group in a simulated environment. The control system evaluates simulated actions in the simulated environment for a predefined objective for the physical environment. The predefined objective is related to an interaction between objects in the group. The control system generates based on evaluated simulated actions and autonomously from involvement by any user of the control system, an indication to augment the physical environment.

Abstract: A computing system obtains image data capturing first and second objects. The system determines, based on user-identified data points, boundaries of the objects and generates a component of a dataset by computing a first data value related to an attribute of a key point in the first image; and computing a second data value related to an attribute of a key point in the first image. The system generates a second component of the dataset, the second component representing updated relative information between the first and second object by generating predicted changes in the first data value and second data value for the second image. The system computes a third data value and a fourth data value related to respective data points in a first and second polygon in the second image. The generating the updated relative information is based on the predicted changes and computed values.

Abstract: A computing system obtains image data capturing first and second objects. The system determines, based on user-identified data points, boundaries of the objects and generates a component of a dataset by computing a first data value related to an attribute of a key point in the first image; and computing a second data value related to an attribute of a key point in the first image. The system generates a second component of the dataset, the second component representing updated relative information between the first and second object by generating predicted changes in the first data value and second data value for the second image. The system computes a third data value and a fourth data value related to respective data points in a first and second polygon in the second image. The generating the updated relative information is based on the predicted changes and computed values.

Abstract: A computing device computes a quantile value. A maximum value and a minimum value are computed for unsorted variable values to compute an upper bin value and a lower bin value for each bin of a plurality of bins. A frequency counter is computed for each bin by reading the unsorted variable values a second time. A bin number and a cumulative rank value are computed for a quantile. When an estimated memory usage value exceeds a predefined memory size constraint value, a subset of the plurality of bins are split into a plurality of bins, the frequency counter is recomputed for each bin, and the bin number and the cumulative rank value are recomputed. Frequency data is computed using the frequency counters. The quantile value is computed using the frequency data and the cumulative rank value for the quantile and output.

Abstract: A computing device computes a quantile value. A maximum value and a minimum value are computed for unsorted variable values to compute an upper bin value and a lower bin value for each bin of a plurality of bins. A frequency counter is computed for each bin by reading the unsorted variable values a second time. A bin number and a cumulative rank value are computed for a quantile. When an estimated memory usage value exceeds a predefined memory size constraint value, a subset of the plurality of bins are split into a plurality of bins, the frequency counter is recomputed for each bin, and the bin number and the cumulative rank value are recomputed. Frequency data is computed using the frequency counters. The quantile value is computed using the frequency data and the cumulative rank value for the quantile and output.

Abstract: A computing device computes a quantile value. A maximum value and a minimum value are computed for unsorted variable values. An upper bin value and a lower bin value are computed for each bin of a plurality of bins using the maximum and minimum values. A frequency counter is computed for each bin by reading the unsorted variable values a second time. Each frequency counter is a count of the variable values within a respective bin. A bin number and a cumulative rank value are computed for a quantile. The bin number identifies a specific within which a quantile value associated with the quantile is located. The cumulative rank value identifies a cumulative rank for the quantile value associated with the quantile. Frequency data is computed using the frequency counters. The quantile value is computed using the frequency data and the cumulative rank value for the quantile and output.

Abstract: This disclosure describes methods, systems, computer-readable media, and apparatuses for efficiently calculating group-by statistics. A data set that includes multiple entries is accessed. The multiple entries are grouped into group-by subsets which are formed on two or more group-by variables and which are subsets are subsets of the data set. Cardinality data is determined for each of the group-by subsets, wherein cardinality data represents a number of entries in a group-by subset. At least one summary of data in each of the group-by subsets is generated, wherein each of the summaries includes the cardinality data determined for the group-by subset. Objects for the group-by subsets are initialized such that the objects store the summaries. The objects may then be used to generate multiple statistical summaries of the data set.

Abstract: Systems and methods for determining an optimal splitting scheme for a node in a classification decision tree. A computing system may receive input data related to a decision tree to be generated from a data set. The input data identifies a target attribute of the data set and a set of candidate attributes of the data set to be used as nodes in the decision tree. The computing system may determine, using a clustering algorithm and the set of candidate attributes, a number of potential splitting schemes to be used to split a node in the decision tree. The computing system may calculate a splitting measurement for each of the plurality of potential splitting schemes. The computing system may select an optimal splitting scheme from the plurality of potential splitting schemes for each node in the decision tree based on the splitting measurement.

Abstract: This disclosure describes methods, systems, computer-readable media, and apparatuses for efficiently calculating group-by statistics. A data set that includes multiple entries is accessed. The multiple entries are grouped into group-by subsets which are formed on two or more group-by variables and which are subsets are subsets of the data set. Cardinality data is determined for each of the group-by subsets, wherein cardinality data represents a number of entries in a group-by subset. At least one summary of data in each of the group-by subsets is generated, wherein each of the summaries includes the cardinality data determined for the group-by subset. Objects for the group-by subsets are initialized such that the objects store the summaries. The objects may then be used to generate multiple statistical summaries of the data set.

Abstract: Systems and methods for data reduction of a data set are included. A computing system may group data points in a data set into a number of data point bubbles represented by a number of representative points. A data point bubble may include a one or more data points from the data set and a representative point from the data set. The computing system may calculate a cluster assignment for the representative point by executing a clustering algorithm using the number of representative points.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for generating network of endoluminal surfaces by defining a set of medial axes for a tubular structure, defining a series of cross sections along medial axis in the set of medial axes, generating a connectivity graph of the medial axes, defining multiple surface representations based upon the graph of the medial axes and the cross sections, computing a volume defined by a first one of the surface representations, defining a partition of the medial axis, cross-sections, surface and/or volume representations, and outputting the network of endoluminal surfaces.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus provide realistic training in endovascular and endoluminal procedures. One embodiment includes modeling accurately the tubular anatomy of a patient to enable optimized simulation. One embodiment includes simulating the interaction between a flexible device and the anatomy and optimizing the computation. One embodiment includes replicating the functionality of therapeutic devices, e.g. stents, and simulating their interaction with anatomy. One embodiment includes computing hemodynamics inside the vascular model. One embodiment includes reproducing visual feedback, using synthetic X-ray imaging and/or or visible light rendering. One embodiment includes generating contrast agent injection and propagation through a tubular network. One embodiment includes reproducing aspects of the physical environment of an operating room by simulating or tracking, such as C-arm control panel, foot pedals, monitors, real catheters and guidewires, etc.