Abstract: A tunable microwave source based on dual-wavelength lasing of a single optical whispering gallery microcavity includes a dual-wavelength laser having the single optical whispering gallery microcavity for generating dual-wavelength lasing with adjustable spacing, narrow linewidth and low threshold; an optical fiber or waveguide amplifier for optical signal amplification; an optical filter for optical signal and noise filtration; and a high-speed detector for generating a tunable microwave signal with narrow bandwidth. The dual-wavelength laser includes a pump source, the optical whispering gallery microcavity, an optical waveguide or a tapered optical fiber, a microcavity substrate, and a gold electrode pair. The frequency spacing of the dual-wavelength lasing is tuned by adjusting the external voltage of the gold electrode pair.

Abstract: A tunable microwave source based on dual-wavelength lasing of a single optical whispering gallery microcavity includes a dual-wavelength laser having the single optical whispering gallery microcavity for generating dual-wavelength lasing with adjustable spacing, narrow linewidth and low threshold; an optical fiber or waveguide amplifier for optical signal amplification; an optical filter for optical signal and noise filtration; and a high-speed detector for generating a tunable microwave signal with narrow bandwidth. The dual-wavelength laser includes a pump source, the optical whispering gallery microcavity, an optical waveguide or a tapered optical fiber, a microcavity substrate, and a gold electrode pair. The frequency spacing of the dual-wavelength lasing is tuned by adjusting the external voltage of the gold electrode pair.

Abstract: A single-mode micro-laser based on a single whispering gallery mode optical microcavity and a preparation method thereof described includes: preparing a desired single whispering gallery mode optical microcavity doped with rare earth ions or containing a gain material such as quantum dots, wherein an optical microcavity configuration include a micro-disk cavity, a ring-shaped microcavity, and a racetrack-shaped microcavity; a material type include lithium niobate, silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, etc.; preparing an optical fiber cone or an optical waveguide of a required size which can excite high-order modes of the optical microcavity, such as a ridge waveguide and a circular waveguides; and coupling, integrating, and packaging the optical fiber cone or the optical waveguide with the microcavity. A pump light is coupled to the optical fiber cone or the optical waveguide to excite a compound mode with a polygonal configuration.

Abstract: Method of fabricating a microfluidic device by means of inducing internal cracks in fused silica employing a picosecond laser beam, firstly utilizing irradiation of a focused temporally controlled picosecond laser beam in fused silica to generate a spatially selective modification region including randomly oriented nanocracks, then employing chemical etching to remove the irradiated area and obtain a hollow and connected three-dimensional microstructure, thereby achieving three-dimensional fabrication of microchannel structures inside the fused silica. The method can realize polarization insensitive three-dimensional uniform etching by regulating the pulse width of the picosecond laser beam, and has high chemical etch rate and selectivity, applicable for fabrication of large-sized three-dimensional microfluidic systems, high-precision 3D glass printing, etc.

Abstract: A single-mode micro-laser based on a single whispering gallery mode optical microcavity and a preparation method thereof described includes: preparing a desired single whispering gallery mode optical microcavity doped with rare earth ions or containing a gain material such as quantum dots, wherein an optical microcavity configuration include a micro-disk cavity, a ring-shaped microcavity, and a racetrack-shaped microcavity; a material type include lithium niobate, silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, etc.; preparing an optical fiber cone or an optical waveguide of a required size which can excite high-order modes of the optical microcavity, such as a ridge waveguide and a circular waveguides; and coupling, integrating, and packaging the optical fiber cone or the optical waveguide with the microcavity. A pump light is coupled to the optical fiber cone or the optical waveguide to excite a compound mode with a polygonal configuration.

Abstract: Method of fabricating a microfluidic device by means of inducing internal cracks in fused silica employing a picosecond laser beam, firstly utilizing irradiation of a focused temporally controlled picosecond laser beam in fused silica to generate a spatially selective modification region including randomly oriented nanocracks, then employing chemical etching to remove the irradiated area and obtain a hollow and connected three-dimensional microstructure, thereby achieving three-dimensional fabrication of microchannel structures inside the fused silica. The method can realize polarization insensitive three-dimensional uniform etching by regulating the pulse width of the picosecond laser beam, and has high chemical etch rate and selectivity, applicable for fabrication of large-sized three-dimensional microfluidic systems, high-precision 3D glass printing, etc.

Abstract: Method for preparing micro-optical structure on a film based on chemical mechanical polishing etching, combining photolithography technology with chemical mechanical polishing technology to make preparation and large-scale integration of large-size high-quality micro optical devices on-chip possible. The method comprises coating metal on film surface, selectively removing the metal film by photolithography (such as femtosecond laser selective ablation, ultraviolet photolithography, electron beam etching, ion beam etching, and reactive ion etching), chemical mechanical polishing, chemical corrosion or over polishing and other steps. Micro-optical devices on-chip prepared by the method have extremely high surface finish and extremely low optical loss.

Abstract: Method for preparing micro-optical structure on a film based on chemical mechanical polishing etching, combining photolithography technology with chemical mechanical polishing technology to make preparation and large-scale integration of large-size high-quality micro optical devices on-chip possible. The method comprises coating metal on film surface, selectively removing the metal film by photolithography (such as femtosecond laser selective ablation, ultraviolet photolithography, electron beam etching, ion beam etching, and reactive ion etching), chemical mechanical polishing, chemical corrosion or over polishing and other steps. Micro-optical devices on-chip prepared by the method have extremely high surface finish and extremely low optical loss.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for realizing tubular optical waveguides in glass by femtosecond laser direct writing. Irradiation in glass with focused femtosecond laser pulses leads to decrease of refractive index in the modified region. Tubular optical waveguides of variable mode areas are fabricated by forming the four sides of the modified regions with slit-shaped femtosecond laser pulses, ensuring single mode waveguide with a mode field dimension compatible with direct coupling to single-mode optical fibers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an automobile bumper structure including a bumper body and a bumper skirt provided in the lower part of the bumper body, the lower end of the bumper body inwardly recessing so as to form a retreat portion arranged transversely along the bumper body, the retreat portion having an upper sidewall, a concave surface and a lower sidewall for supporting the bumper skirt, wherein an upper edge of the bumper skirt is folded so as to form a platform, the platform being provided at its front end with a boss for cooperating with the upper sidewall of the retreat portion.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for realizing tubular optical waveguides in glass by femtosecond laser direct writing. Irradiation in glass with focused femtosecond laser pulses leads to decrease of refractive index in the modified region. Tubular optical waveguides of variable mode areas are fabricated by forming the four sides of the modified regions with slit-shaped femtosecond laser pulses, ensuring single mode waveguide with a mode field dimension compatible with direct coupling to single-mode optical fibers.

Abstract: Six-axis four-subdividing interferometer comprising a six-axis light splitting system and an interference module which are sequentially arranged along the incident direction of polarization orthogonal double-frequency laser, wherein the six-axis light splitting system comprises five 45-degree plane beam splitters and four 45-degree full-reflecting mirrors.

Abstract: Four-axis four-subdividing interferometer comprising a four-axis light splitting module and an interference module which are sequentially arranged along the incident direction of polarization orthogonal double-frequency laser. The four-axis light splitting system comprises three 50% plane beam splitters and three 45-degree plane reflecting mirrors. The invention comprises a four-axis four-subdividing plane mirror interferometer and a four-axis four-subdividing differential interferometer. In the differential interferometer, an adjustable 45-degree reflecting mirror is used to guide the reference light to a reference reflecting mirror which is arranged in the same direction as a measurement mirror and fixed on the moving object.

Abstract: Four-axis four-subdividing interferometer comprising a four-axis light splitting module and an interference module which are sequentially arranged along the incident direction of polarization orthogonal double-frequency laser. The four-axis light splitting system comprises three 50% plane beam splitters and three 45-degree plane reflecting mirrors. The invention comprises a four-axis four-subdividing plane mirror interferometer and a four-axis four-subdividing differential interferometer. In the differential interferometer, an adjustable 45-degree reflecting minor is used to guide the reference light to a reference reflecting minor which is arranged in the same direction as a measurement minor and fixed on the moving object.

Abstract: Six-axis four-subdividing interferometer comprising a six-axis light splitting system and an interference module which are sequentially arranged along the incident direction of polarization orthogonal double-frequency laser, wherein the six-axis light splitting system comprises five 45-degree plane beam splitters and four 45-degree full-reflecting minors.

Abstract: A shape with a substantially perfect circle is obtained as a processed shape such as a modified shape or a worked shape at a light focus point in a cross-section in a direction parallel to an advance direction of a femtosecond laser light beam. A section in a direction perpendicular to an advance direction of a laser light beam emitted from a femtosecond laser (10) is formed in a predetermined shaped. The laser light of which sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the advance direction is formed in the predetermined shape is entered into a lens (14). The light is focused by the lens inside a transparent material (100) and processes the inside of the transparent material.

Abstract: The bio-sample (e.g., a live cell) is labeled with a proper number of nanoparticles. Each nanoparticle is pre-co-doped with a controlled ratio of fluorophore donors and acceptors. Two laser pulses are applied to the bio-sample. The first laser pulse has a center wavelength near the peak of absorption spectrum of acceptors. The intensity of first laser pulse is adjusted such that FRET saturation occurs near the center of the focal spot. The focal spot of the first laser pulse is a diffraction-limited Airy disk that has the highest laser intensity in the center of the focal spot. The second laser has a center wavelength in the emission spectrum of acceptors and with a uniform intensity distribution throughout the focal spot. The fluorescence emission from acceptors after two laser pulses is from an area that is smaller than the diffraction-limited focal spot. Hence, a higher than diffraction-limit resolution is achieved.

Abstract: The bio-sample (e.g., a live cell) is labeled with a proper number of nanoparticles. Each nanoparticle is pre-co-doped with a controlled ratio of fluorophore donors and acceptors. Two laser pulses are applied to the bio-sample. The first laser pulse has a center wavelength near the peak of absorption spectrum of acceptors. The intensity of first laser pulse is adjusted such that FRET saturation occurs near the center of the focal spot. The focal spot of the first laser pulse is a diffraction-limited Airy disk that has the highest laser intensity in the center of the focal spot. The second laser has a center wavelength in the emission spectrum of acceptors and with a uniform intensity distribution throughout the focal spot. The fluorescence emission from acceptors after two laser pulses is from an area that is smaller than the diffraction-limited focal spot. Hence, a higher than diffraction-limit resolution is achieved.

Abstract: A shape with a substantially perfect circle is obtained as a processed shape such as a modified shape or a worked shape at a light focus point in a cross-section in a direction parallel to an advance direction of a femtosecond laser light beam. A section in a direction perpendicular to an advance direction of a laser light beam emitted from a femtosecond laser (10) is formed in a predetermined shaped. The laser light of which sectional shape in the direction perpendicular to the advance direction is formed in the predetermined shape is entered into a lens (14). The light is focused by the lens inside a transparent material (100) and processes the inside of the transparent material.

Abstract: A shape with a substantially perfect sphere, or a cross-sectional shape with a substantially perfect circle in a direction parallel to an advance direction of a femtosecond laser light beam, is obtained as a processed shape such as a modified shape of a worked shape. Rays of femtosecond laser light (L1, L2) are entered into lenses (16, 20), respectively, and the rays of laser light are focused inside a transparent material (100) by the lenses such that each of the optical axes of the rays has a predetermined angle. The light focus positions of the rays of femtosecond laser light are superposed inside the transparent material and the inside of the material is processed.