Abstract: A layout pattern of a magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) includes a substrate having a first cell region, a second cell region, a third cell region, and a fourth cell region and a diffusion region on the substrate extending through the first cell region, the second cell region, the third cell region, and the fourth cell region. Preferably, the diffusion region includes a H-shape according to a top view.

Abstract: Methods for driving devices capable of displaying images and processing audio messages are provided. A representative method comprises: operating a device capable of displaying images and processing audio messages at a first operating frequency when the device is not processing audio messages; and operating the device at a second operating frequency higher than the first frequency when the device is processing audio messages.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for treating an angiogenesis-related disease. The method includes administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a piperazinedione compound having the formula: In the above formula, each of and , independently, is a single bond or a double bond; A is H or CH(RaRb) when is a single bond, or C(RaRb) when is a double bond; Z is CH(RcRd) when is a single bond, or C(RcRd) when is a double bond; each of R1 and R2, independently, is H, C(O)Re, C(O)ORe, C(O)NReRf, or SO2Re; and each of Ra, Rb, Rc, Rd, Re, and Rf, independently, is H, C1-C6 alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, or C3-C8 heterocycloalkyl; or Ra and Rb taken together are C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C3-C8 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; or R1 and Ra or R1 and Rb taken together are C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C3-C8 heterocycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; provided that one of Rc and Rd is aryl or heteroaryl.

Abstract: Methods for driving devices capable of displaying images and processing audio messages are provided. A representative method comprises: operating a device capable of displaying images and processing audio messages at a first operating frequency when the device is not processing audio messages; and operating the device at a second operating frequency higher than the first frequency when the device is processing audio messages.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for treating an angiogenesis-related disease.

Abstract: Piperazinedione compounds of the formula: Each of and and independently, is a single bond or a double bond; A is H or CH(RaRb) when is a single bond, or C(RaRb) when is a double bond; Z is R3O—(Ar)—B, in which B is CH(Rc) when is a single bond, or C(Rc) when is a double bond; Ar is heteroaryl; and R3 is H, alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C(O)Rd, C(O)ORd, C(O)NRdRe, or SO2Rd; each of R1 and R2, independently, is H, C(O)Rd, C(O)ORd, C(O)NRdRe, or SO2Rd; and each of Ra, Rb, Rc, Rd, and Re, independently, is H, alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, cyclyl, or heterocyclyl. Optionally, Ra and Rb taken together are cyclyl or heterocyclyl; and, also optionally, R1 and Ra or R1 and Rb taken together are cyclyl or heterocyclyl. Also disclosed is a method for treating tumor with the above described piperazinedione compounds.

Abstract: Piperazinedione compounds of the formula: 1