Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for transdermal extraction and measurement of analytes in an individual's body comprising the steps of permeabilizing the skin by electroporation in the presence of liposomes comprising negatively charged lipids, and extracting the extracellular fluid through the permeabilized skin by using suction. Analytes may be quantitated in the extracted extracellular fluid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for transdermal delivery of molecules. The method comprises the application of electrical pulses concurrently or sequentially with application of the molecules and a lipid composition comprising negatively charged liposomal compositions. The liposomal components are used to enhance permeability of the target site for delivery of the molecule.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for use in electroloading procedures to increase the transfection and fusion efficiency compared to the methods now used in the art. The compositions comprise a two-phase polymer system containing two water soluble polymers which, when mixed, result in target cells and biological material being encapsulated into one of the polymer phases in a concentrated form. The methods of the present invention for electroloading biological material into target cells comprises mixing the biological material into one of the phases of the two-phase polymer system; mixing the target cells into either of the phases of the two-phase polymer system; mixing the phases together to form an emulsion; and exposing the emulsion to a pulsing electric field in an electroloading process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for electrofusing a cell pellet comprising a plurality of tiers of cells of two different cell types to be fused which results in the formation of hybrid cells with high efficiency and high viability. The method comprises subjecting the cell pellet, and a pulse medium in contact with the cell pellet, with multiple pulses of voltage. A method and apparatus for electrofusing a cell-vesicle pellet comprising a plurality of tiers of a cell type and of membrane vesicles, and wherein the membrane vesicles are loaded with an exogenous macromolecule to be delivered to the cell type during fusion, which results in the formation of fused cells containing the exogenous macromolecule with high efficiency and high viability. Alteratively, the membrane vesicles may contain at least one type of exogenous macromolecule inserted into its membrane.