Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure provide a circuit, chip, system, and method for eliminating random perturbation. The circuit includes a weight calculating module for receiving digital signals and random perturbation digital quantity, using least mean square error algorithm to calculate weight deviation iteration coefficient based on digital signal and digital quantity, and updating perturbation weight in real-time according to weight deviation iteration coefficient; and a perturbation eliminating module for eliminating perturbation signal in output digital signal of quantizer according to perturbation weight updated in real-time and updating perturbation weight in real-time according to weight deviation iteration coefficient, and then calculating current perturbation weight in real time to realize self-calibration of perturbation weight.

Abstract: A liquid explosive for in-situ explosive fracturing in low-permeability oilfields and application thereof are provided. The liquid explosive includes raw materials in parts by mass: a main explosive with positive oxygen balance, a guest regulator and isolation microcapsules; the main explosive with the positive oxygen balance includes raw materials in parts by mass: monomethylamine nitrate, ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, water, guar gum, sodium nitrite, a high-temperature resistant regulator with a low detonation velocity and a surfactant; the guest regulator includes raw materials in parts by mass: a reducing agent and a density regulator; the isolation microcapsules include raw materials in parts by mass: porous hollow microbeads, a pore plugging agent and wall materials of pressure-resistant microcapsules; the guest regulator exists in the porous hollow microbeads of the isolation microcapsules.

Abstract: An interface circuit and an electronic apparatus, including: a programmable current array (1), generating a first current and a second current transmitted to a common mode and differential mode generation circuit (2) according to an input code, and a third current and a fourth current transmitted to a driving bias generation circuit (3) according to the input code; the common mode and differential mode generation circuit (2), generating a common mode voltage according to the first current, and generating a high level voltage and a low level voltage according to the second current and the common mode voltage; a driving bias generation circuit (3), simulating a load according to the third and fourth currents, and generating a bias voltage based on the load and the low and high level voltages; an output driving circuit (4), converting an input signal into a differential signal in which the common mode voltage and a differential mode amplitude are configurable.

Abstract: Wireless receiver systems and methods for user equipment are described that employ multiple receiver heads. The multiple heads can receive wireless communication signals over different receive paths from different transmission sources. The systems can scan and monitor signal quality from all receiver heads during a scheduled gap in a communication link without interfering with an ongoing communication session.

Abstract: A communication apparatus comprises a radio transceiver and a modem processor. The radio transceiver is configured to transmit or receive signals. The modem processor is coupled to the radio transceiver and configured to perform operations comprising: performing a beam management, to train a first receiver (Rx) beam; receiving a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) according to the first Rx beam; selecting at least one second Rx beam according to a scenario, if a first performance indicator of the first Rx beam is lower than a previous first performance indicator of the first Rx beam by a first threshold; determining at least one second performance indicator of the PDSCH according to a round-robin test; selecting a third Rx beam from the at least one second Rx beam according to the at least one second performance indicator; and receiving the PDSCH according to the third Rx beam.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention provides a communication apparatus comprising a radio transceiver and a modem processor. The radio transceiver is configured to transmit or receive wireless signals in a wireless network. The modem processor is coupled to the radio transceiver and configured to perform operations comprising: dividing a tracking reference signal (TRS) set into a plurality of TRS subsets; scheduling a first part of the plurality of TRS subsets for a beam management; and scheduling a second part of the plurality of TRS subsets for a synchronization.

Abstract: Wireless receiver systems and methods for user equipment are described that employ multiple receiver heads. The multiple heads can receive wireless communication signals over different receive paths from different transmission sources. The systems can scan and monitor signal quality from all receiver heads during a scheduled gap in a communication link without interfering with an ongoing communication session.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are provided for robust front end selection control. In one novel aspect, multi-stage head selection is provided. In one embodiment, the UE monitors one or more head-selection triggers, performs a UE Rx wide beam measurement to select at least one deactivated head as at least one standby head based on one or more coarse-beam selection criteria upon detecting at least one head-selection trigger, performs a UE Rx fine beam selection on the active head and the selected standby head, and switches the standby head as the active head based on a result of the fine Rx beam selection and head selection criteria. One or more operations are used for the multi-stage head selection, including multi-head operation, multi-CC measurement, and joint RRM and head selection operation.

Abstract: A method to jointly perform beam management, synchronization, and L1 measurements using a single synchronization signal block (SSB) burst in NR systems is proposed to improve data rate and to reduce power consumption. In a scheduling based SSB method, a UE is scheduled to perform either beam management or synchronization and L1 measurements alternatively. In a joint SSB method, a UE performs beam management, synchronization, and L1 RSRP/SNR measurements within a single SSB burst simultaneously. The UE can dynamically switch between the two SSB methods based on predefined conditions. Further, multiple joint SSB modes are introduced for the joint SSB method, where either 3 OFDM symbols or 4 OFDM symbols of each SSB burst are used. UE can dynamically switch among the joint SSB modes depending on contamination level on the OFDM symbol carrying PSS.

Abstract: A method to perform beam management (BM) and/or synchronization (Sync) with interference cancellation on synchronization signal block (SSB) is proposed. A UE determines interference level and/or pilot contamination level. The UE can then perform BM or Sync, with or without interference cancellation, adapt to the determined interference and pilot contamination level. If interference level is high, UE applies interference cancellation for BM and Sync. If interference level is low, UE does not apply interference cancellation for BM and Sync. If the pilot contamination level is high, then UE follows the 3-symbol mode, e.g., uses only PECH0 SSS, and PBCH2 symbols for BM or Sync. If the pilot contamination level is low, then UE follows the 4-symbol mode, e.g., uses PSS as an extra symbol for BM or Sync to improve system performance.

Abstract: In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus may be a device. The device applies Nso sensing beam vectors to Nso received signals at Nant antennas to obtain Nso measurements, respectively, Nso and Nant each being an integer greater than or equal to 1. The device determines a beam vector based on the Nso measurements and the Nso sensing beam vectors.

Abstract: In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus may be a UE. The UE receives, from a base station, a configuration specifying an initial aggregated bandwidth W0 carried on C0 component carriers on which a reception unit (RXU) of the UE is to receive signals. The UE determines a total bandwidth WTOT on which the UE is capable of receiving signals. The UE determines, based on WTOT and W0, an initial hardware limit of Q0? RXUs that the UE is allowed to activate concurrently. The UE determines an adjusted aggregated bandwidth W1 carried on C1 component carriers on which an RXU of the UE is to receive signals based on a channel condition between the UE and the base station.

Abstract: A method of cross component carrier (Cross-CC) beam management is proposed. A transceiver uses multiple CCs' channel measurements to obtain a beam vector such that better performance can be achieved by utilizing wideband channel. The transceiver derives the beam vector by using the channel measurements of a set of selected CCs applied with a carrier weight factor. The transceiver utilizes beam management reference signal (BM-RS) of the set of selected CCs to derive the beam vector, e.g., an optimal beam. In one embodiment, the carrier weight factor can be the number of BM-RS REs of each CC. In another embodiment, the channel measurements can be SNR/RSRP, and the carrier weight factor can be the SNR/RSRP of each CC.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for antenna selectin of a user equipment (UE). The UE may comprise a plurality of antennas. The method may comprise calculating one or more quality evaluations respectively associated with one or more first antenna subsets, and selecting one of the one or more first antenna subsets according to the one or more quality evaluations. Each antenna subset may include one or more of the plurality of antennas. Each quality evaluation may be calculated under a condition that the antenna(s) included in the associated antenna subset is (are) used to communicate.

Abstract: A method to perform. beam management (BM) and/or synchronization (Sync) using primary synchronization signal (PSS) when pilot contamination is low to improve system performance is proposed. A UE first determines pilot contamination. level on PSS of a synchronization signal block (SSB), depending on different network deployment. scenarios. The UE then adaptively perform BM or Sync, by dynamically adjusting to the pilot contamination level on PSS. If the pilot contamination level is high, then the UE follows a 3-symbol mode, e.g., uses only PBCH0, SSS, and PBCH2 symbols for performing BM or Sync. Otherwise, if the pilot contamination level is low, then the UE follows a 4-symbol mode, e.g., uses PSS as an extra symbol for BM or Sync to improve system performance.

Abstract: In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus may be a UE. The UE receives a target SSB from a base station. The UE obtains received data carried in a broadcast channel of the target SSB. The UE reconstructs, based on received data carried in a broadcast channel of a previously received SSB, transmitted data placed in the broadcast channel of the target SSB at the base station. The UE preforms a channel estimation and/or synchronization based on a comparison of the received data and the transmitted data of the target SSB.

Abstract: Wireless receiver systems and methods for user equipment are described that employ multiple receiver heads. The multiple heads can receive wireless communication signals over different receive paths from different transmission sources. The systems can scan and monitor signal quality from all receiver heads during a scheduled gap in a communication link without interfering with an ongoing communication session.

Abstract: A GRINSCH laser having an asymmetric configuration wherein the optical confinement is weighted more to the n-doped multilayer section than to the p-doped multilayer section. The GRINSCH laser can emit laser light at a wavelength ?=976 nm over a broad area with a beam power of 11.4 W at a 12 A bias current at a temperature of 20° C. Fabry-Perot and distributed Bragg reflector GRINSCH laser configurations are disclosed.

Abstract: Methods for forming grating profiles in semiconductor laser structures comprise the steps of providing a semiconductor wafer comprising a wafer substrate, an etch stop layer disposed over the wafer substrate, a grating layer disposed over the etch stop layer, an etch mask layer disposed over the grating layer, and a photoresist layer disposed over the etch mask layer, forming a photoresist grating pattern, transferring the photoresist grating pattern into the grating layers via dry etching, and removing the photoresist layer, selectively wet etching the grating layer to form the grating profile in the grating layer. The placement of the grating layer between the etch mask and etch stop layers controls the selective wet etching step. The method also comprises removing the etch mask layer via selective wet etching without altering the grating profile, and regrowing an upper cladding layer to produce the semiconductor laser structure.

Abstract: Embodiments of a method of quantum well intermixing (QWI) comprise providing a wafer comprising upper and lower epitaxial layers, which each include barrier layers, and a quantum well layer disposed between the upper and lower epitaxial layers, applying at least one sacrificial layer over the upper epitaxial layer, and forming a QWI enhanced region and a QWI suppressed region by applying a QWI enhancing layer over a portion of the sacrificial layer, wherein the portion under the QWI enhancing layer is the QWI enhanced region, and the other portion is the QWI suppressed region. The method further comprises the steps of applying a QWI suppressing layer over the QWI enhanced region and the QWI suppressed region, and annealing at a temperature sufficient to cause interdiffusion of atoms between the quantum well layer and the barrier layers of the upper epitaxial layer and the lower epitaxial layer.