Abstract: Techniques for optically detecting a subject chemical species within an atmospheric environment are disclosed. Image data is obtained representing multispectral imagery of a geographic region captured through the atmospheric environment. The image data includes an array of band-specific intensity values for each of a plurality of spectral bands, including a sample spectral band having increased sensitivity to the subject chemical species as compared to a plurality of reference spectral bands. A background reflectance map is generated that includes an array of inter-band intensity values in which each inter-band intensity value represents a filtered combination of band-specific intensity values of albedo-normalized arrays for a grouped subset of the plurality of reference spectral bands. The albedo-normalized array of band-specific intensity values for the sample spectral band is compared to the background reflectance map to obtain an index array of intensity variance values for the subject chemical species.

Abstract: A method for source attribution comprises receiving measurements of a chemical species at a spatially distributed sensor array for a given set of spatially positioned emission sources in a physical environment using a dispersion model. Based on the received measurements, a concentration field is mapped from the emission sources to the sensor array using a forward operator. For each emission source, a likelihood data set is evaluated at least by fitting an emission rate of the chemical species using a regression model based on the mapped concentration field and real-world, runtime measurements from the sensor array. A posterior data set is evaluated based at least on the evaluated likelihood data set and historical data for the physical environment. For each sensor of the sensor array, estimated emission rates and contribution rankings for emission sources are determined and output based on the evaluation of the posterior data set.

Abstract: A method for pollutant sensor placement for pollutants from point sources is described. Data about environmental characteristics for a geographic region are received from a plurality of environmental sensors. The geographic region includes pollutant sources that emit a pollutant. The received data from one or more of the plurality of environmental sensors are transformed into common data having a common spatial and temporal discretization across the geographic region. Predicted emission plumes are generated for the pollutant sources within the geographic region that identify pollutant detection regions for the pollutant when the pollutant is emitted by the pollutant sources using the common data. Sensor locations for a plurality of pollutant sensors are greedily selected across the common spatial and temporal discretization according to a number of predicted emission plumes that are detectable by the plurality of pollutant sensors.

Abstract: A method for pollutant sensor placement is described. Data about environmental characteristics across a geographic region is received from a plurality of environmental sensors. The geographic region includes one or more pollutant sources that emit a pollutant. The received data is transformed from one or more of the plurality of environmental sensors into common data having a common grid across the geographic region. The geographic region is divided into a plurality of sub-regions based on the common data. Locations within the geographic region are determined for placement of pollutant sensors based on estimated dispersion of the pollutant through the plurality of sub-regions.