Abstract: A method and system for improving closed loop feedback in transmit diversity communication. In one embodiment of the invention, a predetermined variation of one or more transmit diversity parameters is performed at the transmit diversity transmitter. The receiver compares the transmit diversity parameter values of the received signals to the predetermined variation and transmits to the transmitter a value of a transmit diversity correction parameter. The transmitter may use this correction value to modify the transmit diversity parameter in a subsequent transmission.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for applications of identification of variations of propagation path to transmit diversity control. Transmit diversity parameters may be modified according to detected dynamics, which may, for example, be related to changes in actual propagation and network conditions. Such dynamics may be referred to as mobility parameters. Mobility parameters may apply to variability in a propagation path due to any conditions. Determination of a mobility parameter may be conducted using one or more of multiple parameters available to the mobile terminal. Such feedback information indication, which is related to the propagation path conditions, may be provided to the apparatus, which would attempt to find a more desired mode of operation, which may lead to reduction in power and the improvement of the quality of transmission.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for dynamic adaptation of transmit diversity parameters according to detected dynamics that may be, for example, related to changes in actual propagation and network conditions, and may be referred to as mobility parameters. Mobility parameters may apply to variability in a propagation path due to any conditions. Determination of a mobility parameter may be conducted using one or more of multiple parameters available to the mobile terminal.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention include a method and apparatus for modifying a transmit diversity signal by control of at least a relative parameter, for example, phase difference, in a first signal relative to at least one second signal using various switching modules or techniques. In some embodiments of the invention, the relative difference may be controlled by switching paths, or producing various degrees of relative difference by switching, activating or controlling multiple elements with various resolutions of the relative parameter, or by connecting elements by timing of switches.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and system for modifying a transmit diversity signal by receiving at least one input parameter, collecting at least one interval of feedback data, computing a transmit diversity parameter, and modifying a transmit diversity signal based on the computed parameter. In some embodiments of the invention, the diversity parameter may be any one or a combination of relative phase, relative amplitude, relative power, data rate of the transmit diversity signal, or any other suitable parameter.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for determining power control signals, for example, power control bits received by a mobile station. Some applications requiring power control information may not have access to the baseband processor, which may decode the relevant information sent by the base station. According to embodiments of the invention, power control information may be determined or at least estimated with a degree of reliability by reading the total power transmitted by the mobile station and the data rate of the transmission.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for determining at least one relative characteristic of a transmit diversity transmitter based on at least one quality indicator based on signals received on the plurality of antennas. In some embodiments of the invention, the relative characteristic may be a relative power or amplitude ratio and/or a phase difference between the signals transmitted on the different antennas.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and system for modifying a transmit diversity signal comprising receiving at least one input parameter, calculating at least one virtual parameter based on the at least one input parameter, converting the at least one virtual parameter into an actual parameter, and modifying a transmit diversity signal based on the actual parameter. Variations of the invention are possible, including mapping the input parameter to an actual parameter by various methods, for example, quantization, hysteresis and other methods. Embodiments of the invention may include an apparatus adapted to modify a transmit diversity signal comprising a processor to calculate at least one virtual parameter based on at least one input parameter, convert said at least one virtual parameter to an actual parameter, and modify said transmit diversity signal based on said actual parameter.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus using hybrid automatic repeat-request (HARQ) to enhance a system throughput in a transmit diversity system.

Abstract: A feedback signal is received from a feedback communication device. The feedback signal provides feedback information for a signal at a feedback rate. A modifying communication device modifies the signal by adjusting a nominal value of a transmit diversity parameter in accordance with the feedback information at a nominal value adjustment rate. The signal is perturbed according to the adjusted nominal value at a perturbation rate.

Abstract: A transmit amplifier stage operable to amplify a transmit signal comprises power amplifiers and switches. The power amplifiers include at least one full power amplifier operable to provide full power to amplify the transmit signal and at least one fractional power amplifier operable to provide fractional power to amplify the transmit signal, where the fractional power is a fraction of the full power. A switch has a plurality of positions, where a position directs the transmit signal to a selected power amplifier.

Abstract: A signal is modified according to a current diversity parameter adjustment, and is transmitted from a modifying communication device to a feedback communication device. A feedback signal reflecting feedback information describing the signal as received by the feedback communication device is received. The feedback signal comprises frames, and a frame comprises slots, where a slot has a slot power value. The frame timing of the frames is established from the slot power values. The signal is modified according to a next diversity parameter adjustment in accordance with the frame timing.

Abstract: Modifying a signal according to a diversity parameter adjustment includes accessing scan parameter values, where a scan parameter describes a scan process. The scan parameter values include diversity parameter vectors, where a diversity parameter vector has a diversity parameter value for each of one or more diversity parameters. The scan process is performed by repeating the following for each diversity parameter vector: modifying a signal according to the diversity parameter values of the diversity parameter vector, where the signal is transmitted from a modifying communication device to a feedback communication device; and receiving a feedback signal reflecting feedback information describing the signal as received by the feedback communication device.

Abstract: Interface device for interfacing between a PLMN network and a non-PLMN network, the PLMN network being configured to recognize cellular base stations as nodes thereof through which to mediate connections to cellular mobile devices, the non-PLMN networks each comprising a plurality of access points for mediating connections to network compatible mobile devices, and for which the network compatible mobile devices are not required to be cellular devices. The interface device is configured as a node of the PLMN network to appear to the PLMN network as a standard cellular base station, and comprises functionality to make non-cellular devices connecting to the non-PLMN network and attempting to access the PLMN network through the non-PLMN network appear as cellular devices to the PLMN network.

Abstract: Calculating a phase adjustment includes establishing a current phase adjustment for a signal transmitted from a modifying communication device to a feedback communication device. A control signal is received. The control signal comprises windows communicating power indicators that reflect the power of the signal. A previous window communicates power indicators reflecting the power of the signal, and a current window communicates current power indicators reflecting the power of the signal. A previous power trend is estimated from previous power indicators, and a current power trend is estimated from current power indicators. A power trend change is determined from the previous power trend and the current power trend, and a phase increment is determined in accordance with the power trend change. A next phase adjustment is calculated from the current phase adjustment and the phase increment.

Abstract: Modifying a signal includes facilitating transmission of the signal from a modifying communication device to a feedback communication device. Power indicators reflecting the power of the signal as received by the feedback communication device are received. Previous power indicators reflect the power of the signal adjusted according to a previous modification, and current power indicators reflect the power of the signal adjusted according to a current modification. A previous power descriptor value is estimated from the previous power indicators, and a current power descriptor value is estimated from the current power indicators. A modification increment is determined in accordance with the previous power descriptor value and the current power descriptor value. A next modification is calculated from the current modification and the modification increment, and a phase and an amplitude of the signal are adjusted in accordance with the next modification.

Abstract: A multiple entity gateway for supporting cellular authentication from a non-cellular network, the gateway comprising a plurality of entities each located at a different one of a plurality of secure zones and having at least one gap between said entities across said secure zones, said gateway being configured to predefine communication signals allowed across said gap between said entities, thereby to filter out non-allowed signals, and provide secure cellular authentication for a communication originating from said non-cellular network. The gateway allows cellular users to connect to a cellular network via a wireless local area network such as a hotspot, use the services of the cellular network, the Internet and the hotspot at will, and be securely authenticated and charged through the cellular infrastructure.

Abstract: This invention improves the quality of detection and speeds up the search for threats that might be hidden in shoes worn by airport passengers and people in other environments as well as threats hidden in objects like packages, by automatically scanning for these threats when the people walk by or objects are placed in sensors capable of detecting the threats. These sensors are based primarily on an adequate implementation of the quadrupole resonance effect for threat material detection, complemented with sensors that detect the presence of conducting materials and auxiliary elements that provide the location of the threats, control the operation of the sensors and improve their effectiveness.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for authentication of a user, the apparatus comprising functionality, associated with a cellular Internet authentication portal, for: communicating via a secure link with an authenticatable device, using secure personalization associated with said authentication portal and said authenticatable device, typically a mobile telephone having a SIM, to verify that the communication is with the intended user, and associating the authentication with an activity request via a non-authenticatable device, thereby to authenticate the activity request of the non-authenticatable device.

Abstract: A method and system for controlling the level of subscriber unit transmission power in a two-way paging network. The ability to adjust the transmission power of individual subscriber units saves critical subscriber unit resources while still ensuring that a subscriber unit's transmissions are received at a base station in a paging network system. Transmission power-level control further facilitates eliminating interference among subscriber units that transmit to the same base station.