Abstract: A cooling apparatus for a power electronics system includes a jet plate, a target plate, a plurality of fluid collection passageways, and a fluid outlet. The jet plate includes an array of impingement jets having a jet body and an impingement jet channel. The target plate includes an array of microchannel cells having a plurality of radially-extending wavy-fin microchannels. The coolant fluid is directed toward an impingement location through the array of impingement jets and travels through the wavy-fin microchannels. The plurality of fluid collection passageways are arranged in a grid pattern such that the coolant fluid exits the wavy-fin microchannels and flows into the plurality of fluid passageways. The coolant fluid exits the cooling apparatus through the fluid outlet. The cooling apparatus may be incorporated into a power electronics module having a power electronics device to cool the power electronics device.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for spine centrum extraction and intervertebral disk dividing are disclosed.

Abstract: An acid or base is generated in an aqueous solution by the steps of: (a) providing a source of first ions adjacent an aqueous liquid in a first acid or base generation zone, separated by a first barrier (e.g., anion exchange membrane) substantially preventing liquid flow and transporting ions only of the same charge as said first ions, (b) providing a source of second ions of opposite charge adjacent an aqueous liquid in a second acid or base generation zone, separated by a second barrier transporting ions only of the same charge as the second ions, and (c) transporting ions across the first barrier by applying an electrical potential through said first and second zones to generate an acid-containing aqueous solution in one of said first or second zones and a base-containing aqueous solution in the other one which may be combined to form a salt. Also, electrolytic apparatus for performing the above method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device with portions of the device on plural substrate surfaces. The device includes a low resistivity substrate having first and second surfaces with a first electrically-conductive device component disposed over a first surface. An intermediate electrically-insulating layer may be disposed between the electrically-conductive component and the low resistivity substrate. A second electrically-conductive component is disposed over the second surface of the low resistivity substrate. A cavity formed in the low resistivity substrate is at least partially filled with a high resistivity material. One or more electrically-conducting pathways are formed in the high resistivity material electrically connecting the first electrically conductive component and the second electrically-conductive component to form a device. Exemplary devices include inductors, capacitors, antennas and active or passive devices incorporating such devices.

Abstract: Some implementations provide techniques for selecting web pages for inclusion in an index. For example, some implementations apply regularization to select a subset of the crawled web pages for indexing based on link relationships between the crawled web pages, features extracted from the crawled web pages, and user behavior information determined for at least some of the crawled web pages. Further, in some implementations, the user behavior information may be used to sort a training set of crawled web pages into a plurality of labeled groups. The labeled groups may be represented in a directed graph that indicates relative priorities for being selected for indexing.

Abstract: A continuous electrochemical pump comprising a water generator compartment, an anode compartment on one side of said generator compartment, a cation exchange barrier, separating the generator compartment from the anode compartment, it first electrode in electrical communication with the anode compartment, a cathode compartment adjacent the generator chamber, an anion exchange barrier, separating the generation compartment from the cathode compartment, and a second electrode in electrical communication with the cathode compartment. Use of the pump as a sample concentrator. A feedback loop for the pump. A reservoir, with or without an intermediate piston, on the output side of the pump.

Abstract: A method and system for minimizing bus traffic in a video decoder is disclosed. A method and system for processing a portion of a reference picture includes designating the reference picture, selecting a display picture within the reference picture, transmitting a display picture size, and sending a display picture offset. A method and system for compressing IDCT coefficients corresponding to a macroblock, the macroblock having a plurality of blocks, includes locating each non-zero IDCT coefficient corresponding to one of the plurality of blocks, assigning an index to the non-zero IDCT coefficient, the index designating a location within the one of the plurality of blocks, packing the non-zero IDCT coefficient in little endian format, and specifying a terminator bit corresponding to the non-zero coefficient, the terminator bit indicating the end of all non-zero IDCT coefficients for the one of the plurality of blocks.

Abstract: One or more classification algorithms are applied to at least one natural language document in order to extract both attributes and values of a given product. Supervised classification algorithms, semi-supervised classification algorithms, unsupervised classification algorithms or combinations of such classification algorithms may be employed for this purpose. The at least one natural language document may be obtained via a public communication network. Two or more attributes (or two or more values) thus identified may be merged to form one or more attribute phrases or value phrases. Once attributes and values have been extracted in this manner, association or linking operations may be performed to establish attribute-value pairs that are descriptive of the product. In a presently preferred embodiment, an (unsupervised) algorithm is used to generate seed attributes and values which can then support a supervised or semi-supervised classification algorithm.

Abstract: A light emitting element includes: a substrate; a first electrically conductive semiconductor layer located on the substrate; a light emitting layer located on a top surface of the first electrically conductive semiconductor layer; a second electrically conductive semiconductor layer located on a top surface of the light emitting layer; a positive electrode located on a top surface of the second electrically conductive semiconductor layer; and a negative electrode at least partially located on a side surface of the first electrically conductive semiconductor layer.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for generating an acid or base, e.g. for chromatographic analysis of anions. For generating a base the method includes the steps of providing a cation source in a cation source reservoir, flowing an aqueous liquid stream through a base generation chamber separated from the cation source reservoir by a barrier (e.g. a charged membrane) substantially preventing liquid flow while providing a cation transport bridge, applying an electric potential between an anode cation source reservoir and a cathode in the base generation chamber to electrolytically generate hydroxide ions therein and to cause cations in the cation source reservoir to electromigrate and to be transported across the barrier toward the cathode to combine with the transported cations to form cation hydroxide, and removing the cation hydroxide in an aqueous liquid stream as an effluent from the first base generation chamber. Suitable cation sources include a salt solution, a cation hydroxide solution or cation exchange resin.

Abstract: A method for protecting Register Transfer Level (RTL) Intellectual Property (IP) core is provided, which converts an original RTL IP core to a target RTL IP core embedded with protection measures. The method includes: Step S1, constructing a state machine whose mode is controllable against the original RTL IP core, the state machine has a normal mode appeared corresponding to the normal function of the IP core after the entry of a correct preset secret key value and a fuzzy mode appeared corresponding to the abnormal function of the IP core after the entry of wrong secret key value; Step S2, revise the data flow of the RTL code in the original RTL IP core to obtain the fuzzy RTL code of the IP core; and Step S3: combine the state machine and the fuzzy RTL code into the targeted RTL IP core. By combining the secret key control and fuzzy data flow, the being embezzled and reverse-engineered of RTL IP core can be effectively prevented.

Abstract: A method and system for generating a search result for a query of hierarchically organized documents based on retrieval of subtrees that are key resources for topic distillation is provided. The retrieval system may identify documents relevant to a query using conventional searching techniques. The retrieval system then calculates a subtree feature for subtrees that have an identified document as their root. After the retrieval system calculates the subtree feature for the subtrees, the retrieval system may generate a subtree relevance score for each subtree based on its subtree feature. The retrieval system may then order the identified documents based on their corresponding subtree relevances.

Abstract: A suspension includes a positive write trace and a negative write trace. The positive write trace is separated into at least two positive write trace sections located at two different layers respectively, and the negative write trace is separated into at least two negative write trace sections located at two different layers respectively. Each positive write trace section and each negative write trace section are alternately arranged along a longitudinal direction on two different layers, and the positive write trace sections at different layers are connected together via conductive crossovers, and the negative write trace sections are connected together via conductive crossovers. The present invention can obtain balanced propagation time in the stacked trace structure to reduce signal distortion, and obtain widened frequency bandwidth.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to modeling communities associated with groups of data items. Tools are provided to iteratively assign data items to communities and to update topic and participant distribution in the assigned communities. As the distributions are updated, the characteristics of the communities are updated. Each activity area is defined from the perspective of a single user. Participants in a community are connected to a user, but not necessarily to each other. The combination of formations of communities and the statistical aspect of evaluating characteristics of the communities provides a multi-facetted organization of connections between data items and associated participants.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to modeling communities associated with groups of data items. Tools are provided to iteratively assign data items to communities and to update topic and participant distribution in the assigned communities. As the distributions are updated, the characteristics of the communities are updated. Each activity area is defined from the perspective of a single user. Participants in a community are connected to a user, but not necessarily to each other. The combination of formations of communities and the statistical aspect of evaluating characteristics of the communities provides a multi-facetted organization of connections between data items and associated participants.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to a data processing method comprising the steps of processing a first sample set associated with first results of tracking a target in a number of image frames using a first object classifier arranged to operate according to a first feature and processing a second sample set associated with second results of tracking the target in said number of image frames using a second object classifier arrange to operate according to a second feature, and using at least one of the first and second tracking results to influence at least one particle filter adapted to influence at least one of subsequent first and second tracking results.

Abstract: The present invention is directed generally to cell culture media (particularly serum free, non animal derived, and/or chemically defined media) which are useful for introducing macromolecules and compounds (e.g., nucleic acid molecules) into cells (e.g., eukaryotic cells). According to the invention, such introduction can take place in the presence of said medium. Cells containing such introduced materials can then be cultured in the medium and the effect of the introduced materials on the cells can be measured or determined. In particular, the invention allows introduction of nucleic acid molecules (e.g., vectors) into cells (particularly eukaryotic cells) and expression of proteins encoded by the nucleic acid molecules in the cells. The invention obviates the need to change the cell culture medium each time a different procedure is performed with the cells (e.g., culturing cells vs. transfecting cells).

Abstract: A musical playback amusement system is disclosed. A primary audio track defined by a plurality of time-sequence audio data elements and associated synchronization identifiers are loaded and played back on a first interactive device. A second interactive device is in communication with the first interactive device to receive playback synchronization commands that coordinates playback of a secondary track loaded on the second interactive device. The synchronization identifiers in the primary track are transmitted from the first to the second interactive device as the playback synchronization commands in coordination with the playback of the primary audio track.

Abstract: An interactive device with local area time synchronization is contemplated. The device includes a communications module linkable to a corresponding communications module of one or more other interactive devices. There is also memory for storing a set of clock values including a time component, a date component, a daylight savings component, and an event component. A computer processor connected to the communications module and the memory is also included, and is programmed to actively maintain an actively maintained real-time clock based upon the set of clock values stored in the memory. The set of clock values stored in the memory is transferrable by the communications module to a corresponding clock of one or more other interactive devices.

Abstract: A chromatographic method including chromatographically separating sample ionic species in an eluent stream, detecting the separated sample ionic species, catalytically combining hydrogen and oxygen gases or catalytically decomposing hydrogen peroxide in a catalytic gas elimination chamber, and recycling the effluent stream from the chamber to the chromatography separation column. The residence time between the detector and the chamber is at least about one minute. Also, flowing the recycle sequentially through two detector effluent flow channels of an electrolytic membrane suppressor. Also, applying heat or UV energy between the detector and the chamber. Also, detecting bubbles after the chamber. Also, a Platinum group metal catalyst and ion exchange medium in the chamber. Apparatus for performing the methods.