Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of processing a component, wherein the component comprises at least one opening in a surface thereof, the method comprising: placing the component in an electrophoretic fluid comprising particles of a masking material as an electrode, applying a voltage to the component and a counter electrode of the component, depositing particles of the masking material in the electrophoretic fluid into the at least one aperture through electrophoresis to mask the at least one aperture; processing a surface of the component; and removing the masking material in the at least one opening.

Abstract: Embodiments are generally directed to a hierarchical approach for performing simulation for PDNs that have integrated VRMs. According to certain aspects, embodiments include an approach that decouples the simulation for PDN and the simulation for VRM/PKG through PDN macromodeling. In these and other embodiments, the approach includes a SPICE-accurate simulation for the VRM part using a non-linear solver and using a linear solver for the PDN part, with minimal handshaking between them. For example, using a Backward Euler method having a fixed time step, at every simulation time interval, the linear solver sends reduced boundary currents to the non-linear solver. After the non-linear solver converges at the time interval, it sends boundary voltages back to the linear solver for determining voltages in the PDN part at the time interval.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of processing a component, wherein the component comprises at least one opening in a surface thereof, the method comprising: placing the component in an electrophoretic fluid comprising particles of a masking material as an electrode, applying a voltage to the component and a counter electrode of the component, depositing particles of the masking material in the electrophoretic fluid into the at least one aperture through electrophoresis to mask the at least one aperture; processing a surface of the component; and removing the masking material in the at least one opening.

Abstract: A coating precursor slurry is provided, along with its methods of formation and use. The coating precursor slurry may include an organic binder comprising a polymeric component and a hardening reagent; an inorganic binder comprising an aluminum-nitrogen compound, a barium-containing organic compound, a nickel-containing organic compound, an ammonia polyphosphate, and phosphorus pentoxide; active components comprising Mo, Te, and graphite; and a solvent.

Abstract: A reactor has an inner surface accessible to the hydrocarbon and comprising a sintered product of at least one of cerium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, zirconium oxide, boehmite and silicon dioxide, and a perovskite material of formula: AaBbCcDdO3-?. 0<a<1.2, G?b?1.2, 0.9<a+b?1.2, O<c<1.2, 0?d?1.2, 0.9<c+d?1.2, ?0.5<?<0.5. A is selected from calcium, strontium, barium, and any combination thereof. B is selected from lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and any combination thereof. C is selected from cerium, zirconium, antimony, praseodymium, titanium, chromium, manganese, ferrum, cobalt, nickel, gallium, tin, terbium and any combination thereof.

Abstract: A coating precursor slurry is provided, along with its methods of formation and use. The coating precursor slurry may include an organic binder comprising a polymeric component and a hardening reagent; an inorganic binder comprising an aluminum-nitrogen compound, a barium-containing organic compound, a nickel-containing organic compound, an ammonia polyphosphate, and phosphorus pentoxide; active components comprising Mo, Te, and graphite; and a solvent.

Abstract: A reactor having an inner surface accessible to the hydrocarbon and providing a sintered product of at least one of cerium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, zirconium oxide, boehmite and silicon dioxide, and a perovskite material of formula AaBbCcDdO3??. 0<a<1.2, 0?b?1.2, 0.9<a+b?1.2, 0<c<1.2, 0?d?1.2, 0.9<c+d?1.2, ?0.5<?<0.

Abstract: A reactor has an inner surface accessible to the hydrocarbon and comprising a sintered product of at least one of cerium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, zirconium oxide, boehmite and silicon dioxide, and a perovskite material of formula : AaBbCcDd03-?. 0<a<1.2, G?b?1.2, 0.9<a+b?1.2, O<c<1.2, 0?d?1.2, 0.9<c+d?1.2, ?0.5<?<0.5. A is selected from calcium, strontium, barium, and any combination thereof. B is selected from lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and any combination thereof. C is selected from cerium, zirconium, antimony, praseodymium, titanium, chromium, manganese, ferrum, cobalt, nickel, gallium, tin, terbium and any combination thereof.

Abstract: An apparatus has a surface exposable to a byproduct carbonaceous material formation environment and comprising a perovskite material having an ABO3 perovskite structure and being of formula AaBbO3-?, wherein 0.9<a?1.2; 0.9<b?1.2; ?0.5<?<0.

Abstract: A method for cracking hydrocarbon includes providing a feedstock comprising steam and hydrocarbon, and feeding the feedstock into a device having an inner surface accessible to the feedstock. The inner surface includes a compound of formula An+1BnO3n+1, wherein A includes at least one alkaline earth metal, B includes at least one transition metal, O is oxygen, and 1?n?20.

Abstract: A surface treatment method includes: contacting a substrate with a treatment material, the substrate comprising a metallic element, the treatment material comprising an alkaline earth metal element, an alkali metal element, or any combination thereof; and forming on the substrate a surface layer comprising a first oxide of the alkaline earth metal element, the alkali metal element, or any combination thereof and a second oxide of the metallic element. A device has: a substrate layer comprising a metallic element; and a surface layer comprising a first oxide of an alkaline earth metal element, an alkali metal element, or any combination thereof, and a second oxide of the metallic element.

Abstract: A method for cracking hydrocarbon, comprises: providing steam and hydrocarbon; and feeding steam and hydrocarbon into a reactor accessible to hydrocarbon and comprising a perovskite material of formula AaBbCcDdO3??, wherein 0<a<1.2, 0?b?1.2, 0.9<a+b?1.2, 0<c<1.2, 0?d?1.2, 0.9<c+d?1.2, ?0.5<?<0.

Abstract: A method for converting carbon into a carbon oxide, comprises: contacting carbon with steam in presence of a carnegieite-like material of formula (Na2O)xNa2[Al2Si2O8], wherein 0<x?1. Method and apparatus for hydrocarbon cracking are also described herein.

Abstract: A reactor has an inner surface accessible to the hydrocarbon and comprising a sintered product of at least one of cerium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, zirconium oxide, boehmite and silicon dioxide, and a perovskite material of formula: AaBbCcDd03??. 0<a<1.2, G?b?1.2, 0.9<a+b?1.2, O<c<1.2, 0?d?1.2, 0.9<c+d?1.2, ?0.5<?<0.5. A is selected from calcium, strontium, barium, and any combination thereof. B is selected from lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and any combination thereof. C is selected from cerium, zirconium, antimony, praseodymium, titanium, chromium, manganese, ferrum, cobalt, nickel, gallium, tin, terbium and any combination thereof.

Abstract: An article including a metal substrate, an anti-coking catalyst layer and an alumina barrier layer disposed between the metal substrate and the anti-coking catalyst layer is provided. A process for making the article is also provided.

Abstract: A reactor has an inner surface accessible to the hydrocarbon and comprising a sintered product of at least one of cerium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, zirconium oxide, boehmite and silicon dioxide, and a perovskite material of formula AaBbCcDdO3-?. 0<a<1.2, 0?b?1.2, 0.9<a+b?1.2, 0<c<1.2, 0?d?1.2, 0.9<c+d?1.2, ?0.5<?<0.5. A is selected from calcium, strontium, barium, and any combination thereof. B is selected from lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and any combination thereof. C is selected from cerium, zirconium, antimony, praseodymium, titanium, chromium, manganese, ferrum, cobalt, nickel, gallium, tin, terbium and any combination thereof.

Abstract: A method for converting carbon into a carbon oxide, comprises: contacting carbon with steam in presence of a carnegieite-like material of formula (Na2O)xNa2[Al2Si2O8], wherein 0<x?1. Method and apparatus for hydrocarbon cracking are also described herein.

Abstract: A method for cracking hydrocarbon includes providing a feedstock comprising steam and hydrocarbon, and feeding the feedstock into a device having an inner surface accessible to the feedstock. The inner surface includes a compound of formula An+1BnO3n+1, wherein A includes at least one alkaline earth metal, B includes at least one transition metal, O is oxygen, and 1?n?20.

Abstract: A method for converting carbon into a carbon oxide, comprises: contacting carbon with steam in presence of a carnegieite-like material of formula (Na2O)xNa2[Al2Si2O8], wherein 0<x?1. Method and apparatus for hydrocarbon cracking are also described herein.

Abstract: Refractory slurry for use in coating a foam cluster to provide a foam pattern for lost foam casting is provided. The slurry includes a catalyst capable of catalyzing reactions for vaporizing the foam cluster. A foam pattern with a refractory coating including the catalyst and processes for preparing the foam pattern and using the foam pattern are also provided.