Abstract: A prompting method utilized in a wireless device is disclosed. The prompting method includes obtaining a signal strength value corresponding to a wireless system; and outputting a prompting signal, the prompting signal having a prompting signal characteristic for reflecting the signal strength value.

Abstract: A prompting method utilized in a wireless device is disclosed. The prompting method includes obtaining a signal strength value corresponding to a wireless system; and outputting a prompting signal, the prompting signal having a prompting signal characteristic for reflecting the signal strength value.

Abstract: Features are fabricated on a semiconductor chip. The features are smaller than the threshold of the lithography used to create the chip. A method includes patterning a first portion of a feature (such as a local interconnect) and a second portion of the feature to be separated by a predetermined distance, such as a line tip to tip space or a line space. The method further includes patterning the first portion with a cut mask to form a first sub-portion (e.g., a contact) and a second sub-portion. A dimension of the first sub-portion is less than a dimension of a second predetermined distance, which may be a line length resolution of a lithographic process having a specified width resolution. A feature of a semiconductor device includes a first portion and a second portion having a dimension less than a lithographic resolution of the first portion.

Abstract: Large, complex pedigrees of animals and plants group individuals for improved visualization. A computer transforms data from each mating to display nodes having separate symbols only for groups of offspring having common sex and/or traits. Pedigrees can include complex breeding structures. Input parameters select particular individuals, grouping, and formatting, including visual properties such as colors for distinguishing various aspects of a pedigree. Layout includes curved as well as straight lines.

Abstract: A method based on direct and indirect counting is disclosed for rapid and accurate linkage analysis for codominant and dominant loci. Methods for estimating gender-specific recombination frequencies are available for cases where at least one of the two loci is multi-allelic and for bi-allelic loci with mixed parental linkage phases where at least one locus is codominant. The method makes use of the full data set, yields exact estimates of the recombination frequencies when the observed and expected genotypic frequencies are equal, and are computationally efficient.

Abstract: Large, complex pedigrees of animals and plants group individuals for improved visualization. A computer transforms data from each mating to display nodes having separate symbols only for groups of offspring having common sex and/or traits. Pedigrees can include complex breeding structures. Input parameters select particular individuals, grouping, and formatting, including visual properties such as colors for distinguishing various aspects of a pedigree. Layout includes curved as well as straight lines.