Abstract: Embodiments of this application disclose a baseband unit (BBU) and an access network device. The BBU includes M lasers, M switches (SWs), M photodetectors (PDs), an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG), M transmit ports, and M receive ports, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. An ith laser is coupled to an input end of an ith SW, an upper output end of the ith SW is coupled to an ith transmit port, and the AWG is separately coupled to lower output ends of the M switches SWs, the M PDs, and the M receive ports, where i=1, 2, . . . , or M. When a networking mode used by the BBU needs to be changed, an optical module or a component in the BBU does not need to be replaced, so that applicability, universality, and flexibility of the BBU can be improved.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide an optical component, an optical switching fully-interconnected system, and a communication system, to reduce a backplane loss of an optical signal between the optical component and a switching node. The optical component specifically includes: a service processing module, an optical-to-electrical conversion module, a multiplexer, an optical switching switch, an optical receiving module, and an optical connector. When the optical component serves as a transmitting end, a first electrical signal generated by the service processing module is converted by the optical-to-electrical conversion module to generate a first optical signal, and the first optical signal is multiplexed by using the multiplexer and is output to a next-hop optical component through the optical switching switch and the optical connector.

Abstract: Disclosed are an in-vehicle network OTA security communication method and apparatus, a vehicle-mounted system. According to the present disclosure, the temporary key is generated through the random numbers and the root key in the in-vehicle network, integrity check is performed with the MAC value, the master node and each child node of the in-vehicle network need to be subjected to identity authentication before performing OTA service, and the OTA service may be started only after the authentication succeeds. During the service process, data that needs to be exchanged between the master node and each child node, including various commands, upgrade package content, upgrade progress transmission and other data, may be encrypted, the key for each encryption is randomly generated, and the OTA service is different each time, thereby avoiding key leakage and replay attacks, ensuring the security of in-vehicle network OTA communication.