Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for processing aquatic life data, e.g., aquatic life image. One of the methods includes receiving aquatic life data comprising a plurality of aquatic life images from a user through a user interface; receiving, within the user interface, a first user request to use the aquatic life data to train a machine learning model; determining a data curator score for each aquatic life image; identifying, based on the data curator scores, a proper subset of the plurality of aquatic life images; providing the proper subset of the plurality of aquatic life images to one or more data annotators; receiving annotation data generated by the one or more data annotators; and providing the annotation data to a training system configured to train the machine learning model by using the annotation data.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for determining elements of a shipping network. One of the methods includes obtaining environmental input data, wherein the environmental input data includes weather forecast data; providing the environmental input data to a circulation model; and providing output environmental condition from the circulation model to a machine learning model trained to generate a route for a ship.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for processing aquatic life data, e.g., aquatic life images. One of the methods includes obtaining aquatic life data; identifying a first subset of the aquatic life data that is to be annotated by one or more data annotators to generate annotated aquatic life data and a second subset of the aquatic life data that is not to be annotated; providing the first subset of the aquatic life data to the one or more data annotators, the one or more data annotators processing the first subset of the aquatic life data to generate the annotated aquatic life data; providing the second subset of the aquatic life data to a data storage curator; and determining whether and, if so, which storage device in one or more storage devices to store the second subset of the aquatic life data.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for determining elements of a shipping network. One of the methods includes obtaining environmental input data, wherein the environmental input data includes weather forecast data; providing the environmental input data to a circulation model; and providing output environmental condition from the circulation model to a machine learning model trained to generate a route for a ship.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for determining elements of a shipping network. One of the methods includes obtaining environmental input data, wherein the environmental input data includes weather forecast data; providing the environmental input data to a circulation model; and providing output environmental condition from the circulation model to a machine learning model trained to generate a route for a ship.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for aquatic biomass estimation. One of the methods includes obtaining an image of an aquatic environment including aquatic grass; providing the image to a network model trained to construct a point cloud indicating a portion of the image that represents the aquatic grass; generating a floor model indicating a floor of the aquatic environment where the aquatic grass grows; identifying, using (i) the floor model and (ii) the point cloud indicating the aquatic grass, (i) a first subset of points in the point cloud as indicating aquatic grass and (ii) a second subset of points in the point cloud as indicating the floor of the aquatic environment; and generating, using the first subset of points in the point cloud, an indication of biomass within the aquatic environment.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for Measuring and Quantifying Biodiversity in an Environment. One of the methods includes receiving a set of images representing the marine environment; identifying, by one or more processing devices within the set of images, objects representing marine life in the marine environment; classifying, by the one or more processing devices, the objects into multiple clusters based on feature vectors identified for each of the objects; and computing, by the one or more processing devices based on attributes associated with the multiple clusters, a metric indicative of the biodiversity in the marine environment.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer-storage media, for distribution-based machine learning. In some implementations, a method for distribution-based machine learning includes obtaining fish images from a camera device; generating predicted values using a machine learning model and one or more of the fish images; comparing the predicted values to distribution data representing features of multiple fish; and updating one or more parameters of the machine learning model based on the comparison.

Abstract: This disclosure includes methods for predicting demand based on the price of a time-expiring inventory. An online system provides a connection between a manager of a time-expiring inventory and a plurality of clients. The online system provides a listing for the manager's time-expiring inventory to clients on the online system. The manager specifies the price of the time-expiring inventory in the listing. A demand function predicts the demand for the time-expiring inventory based on features of the listing and the time-expiring inventory. The online system determines a likelihood of receiving a request for the time-expiring inventory from a client on the online system based on the predicted demand. The online system may use the determined likelihoods to provide to the manager information about how changes in the price of the listing are likely to affect the demand for the time-expiring inventory.

Abstract: This disclosure includes systems for regression-tree-modified feature vector machine learning models for utilization prediction in time-expiring inventory. An online computing system receives a feature vector for a listing and inputs the feature vector and modified feature vectors into a demand function to generate demand estimates. The system inputs the demand estimates into a likelihood model to generate a set of request likelihoods, each request likelihood representing a likelihood that the time-expiring inventory will receive a transaction request at each of a set of test price and test times to expiration. The system further trains a regression tree model based on a set of training data comprising each of the request likelihoods from the set and the test price and test time period to expiration used to generate the demand estimate that was used to generate the request likelihood.

Abstract: This disclosure includes systems for regression-tree-modified feature vector machine learning models for utilization prediction in time-expiring inventory. An online computing system receives a feature vector for a listing and inputs the feature vector and modified feature vectors into a demand function to generate demand estimates. The system inputs the demand estimates into a likelihood model to generate a set of request likelihoods, each request likelihood representing a likelihood that the time-expiring inventory will receive a transaction request at each of a set of test price and test times to expiration. The system further trains a regression tree model based on a set of training data comprising each of the request likelihoods from the set and the test price and test time period to expiration used to generate the demand estimate that was used to generate the request likelihood.

Abstract: This disclosure includes systems for regression-tree-modified feature vector machine learning models for utilization prediction in time-expiring inventory. An online computing system receives a feature vector for a listing and inputs the feature vector and modified feature vectors into a demand function to generate demand estimates. The system inputs the demand estimates into a likelihood model to generate a set of request likelihoods, each request likelihood representing a likelihood that the time-expiring inventory will receive a transaction request at each of a set of test price and test times to expiration. The system further trains a regression tree model based on a set of training data comprising each of the request likelihoods from the set and the test price and test time period to expiration used to generate the demand estimate that was used to generate the request likelihood.

Abstract: This disclosure includes methods for predicting demand based on the price of a time-expiring inventory. An online system provides a connection between a manager of a time-expiring inventory and a plurality of clients. The online system provides a listing for the manager's time-expiring inventory to clients on the online system. The manager specifies the price of the time-expiring inventory in the listing and is presented with price tips generated by the online system. A demand function predicts the demand for the time-expiring inventory based on features of the listing and the time-expiring inventory. A manager option function predicts the likelihood of acceptance of a price tip by the manager. The online system uses the demand function and the manager option function to create a Monte Carlo pricing model to provide to the manager price tips for the listing.

Abstract: This disclosure includes systems for regression-tree-modified feature vector machine learning models for utilization prediction in time-expiring inventory. An online computing system receives a feature vector for a listing and inputs the feature vector and modified feature vectors into a demand function to generate demand estimates. The system inputs the demand estimates into a likelihood model to generate a set of request likelihoods, each request likelihood representing a likelihood that the time-expiring inventory will receive a transaction request at each of a set of test price and test times to expiration. The system further trains a regression tree model based on a set of training data comprising each of the request likelihoods from the set and the test price and test time period to expiration used to generate the demand estimate that was used to generate the request likelihood.

Abstract: Mechanisms for recommending content items based on topics are provided. In some implementations, a method for recommending content items is provided that includes: determining a plurality of accessed content items associated with a user, wherein each of the plurality of content items is associated with a plurality of topics; determining the plurality of topics associated with each of the plurality of accessed content items; generating a model of user interests based on the plurality of topics, wherein the model implements a machine learning technique to determine a plurality of weights for assigning to each of the plurality of topics; applying the model to determine, for a plurality of content items, a probability that the user would watch a content item of the plurality of content items; ranking the plurality of content items based on the determined probabilities; and selecting a subset of the plurality of content items to recommend to the user based on the ranked content items.

Abstract: Mechanisms for recommending content items based on topics are provided. In some implementations, a method for recommending content items is provided that includes: determining a plurality of accessed content items associated with a user, wherein each of the plurality of content items is associated with a plurality of topics; determining the plurality of topics associated with each of the plurality of accessed content items; generating a model of user interests based on the plurality of topics, wherein the model implements a machine learning technique to determine a plurality of weights for assigning to each of the plurality of topics; applying the model to determine, for a plurality of content items, a probability that the user would watch a content item of the plurality of content items; ranking the plurality of content items based on the determined probabilities; and selecting a subset of the plurality of content items to recommend to the user based on the ranked content items.

Abstract: Methods and systems for detection of a construction zone sign are described. A computing device, configured to control the vehicle, may be configured to receive, from an image-capture device coupled to the computing device, images of a vicinity of the road on which the vehicle is travelling. Also, the computing device may be configured to determine image portions in the images that may depict sides of the road at a predetermined height range. Further, the computing device may be configured to detect a construction zone sign in the image portions, and determine a type of the construction zone sign. Accordingly, the computing device may be configured to modify a control strategy associated with a driving behavior of the vehicle; and control the vehicle based on the modified control strategy.

Abstract: This disclosure includes methods for predicting demand based on the price of a time-expiring inventory. An online system provides a connection between a manager of a time-expiring inventory and a plurality of clients. The online system provides a listing for the manager's time-expiring inventory to clients on the online system. The manager specifies the price of the time-expiring inventory in the listing. A demand function predicts the demand for the time-expiring inventory based on features of the listing and the time-expiring inventory. The online system determines a likelihood of receiving a request for the time-expiring inventory from a client on the online system based on the predicted demand. The online system may use the determined likelihoods to provide to the manager information about how changes in the price of the listing are likely to affect the demand for the time-expiring inventory.

Abstract: Methods and systems for detection of a construction zone sign are described. A computing device, configured to control the vehicle, may be configured to receive, from an image-capture device coupled to the computing device, images of a vicinity of the road on which the vehicle is travelling. Also, the computing device may be configured to determine image portions in the images that may depict sides of the road at a predetermined height range. Further, the computing device may be configured to detect a construction zone sign in the image portions, and determine a type of the construction zone sign. Accordingly, the computing device may be configured to modify a control strategy associated with a driving behavior of the vehicle; and control the vehicle based on the modified control strategy.

Abstract: Methods and systems for detection of a construction zone sign are described. A computing device, configured to control the vehicle, may be configured to receive, from an image-capture device coupled to the computing device, images of a vicinity of the road on which the vehicle is travelling. Also, the computing device may be configured to determine image portions in the images that may depict sides of the road at a predetermined height range. Further, the computing device may be configured to detect a construction zone sign in the image portions, and determine a type of the construction zone sign. Accordingly, the computing device may be configured to modify a control strategy associated with a driving behavior of the vehicle; and control the vehicle based on the modified control strategy.