Abstract: Methods, devices, and systems for digital space management in virtual reality and augmented reality are described. A method can include a terminal that logs in to a preset application based on a first user identifier, presents a first interface, where the first interface includes a virtual space registration option. In response to an enabling operation of a user for the virtual space registration option, the terminal photographs a first scene to obtain a preview stream, obtains a target geometry, and sends the first user identifier, the preview stream, and the target geometry to a server. The preview stream and the target geometry are used to determine a target virtual space in which a user with the first user identifier has virtual content editing permission in a first virtual space. The first virtual space is a virtual space corresponding to a real world including the first scene. The target geometry is used to represent a form of the target virtual space.

Abstract: A method for adaptive streaming of a media content, wherein the method comprises receiving a media presentation description that provides presentation information for the media content, determining a plurality of representations from the media presentation description that comprise segments that are provided with bitrate and quality information, selecting a media segment that meets a desired quality level to download from one of the representations, updating a buffered media time for downloading the media segment, and determining when to switch to another representation by comparing the buffered media time to a switching threshold value.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for synchronous playback by multiple smart devices, and an apparatus. A first device acquires frame synchronization information at intervals of a preset time, and sends the frame synchronization information to one or more second devices, where the frame synchronization information is frame information of a frame to be played by the first device or frame information of a frame that the first device starts to play currently; and after learning the frame synchronization information sent by the first device, the second device adjusts frame resources played by itself. Because the multiple smart devices that perform synchronous playback are generally in one local area network, a transmission delay of frame information from the first device to the second device can be ignored, thereby improving a synchronization effect among the multiple smart devices.

Abstract: Different representations are associated with an instance of media content, and a representation can include multiple portions of media content. A respective quality value and bitrate can be associated with each of the portions. Information about the instance of content, including bitrate and quality information, can be accessed by and/or sent to a client. The quality information indicates the availability of measures of quality (e.g., quality values) and where those quality values reside or how they can be retrieved. The client can use quality as well as bitrate to make more intelligent decisions while streaming the content. For example, while the content is being downloaded over a network, the client can adapt to changes in available network bandwidth by selecting one portion of the instance of media content over another based not just on its bitrate but also based on its quality value.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide media file receiving and media file sending methods, apparatuses, and systems. A media file receiving method includes: obtaining, by a client, an MPD fragment address of a first MPD fragment from a media presentation description MPD fragment index file according to a start-to-play time point requested by a user; sending, by the client, a first MPD fragment obtaining request including the MPD fragment address of the first MPD fragment to a server; receiving, by the client, the first MPD fragment fed back by the server, and sending a media segment obtaining request to the server according to media description information in the first MPD fragment; and receiving, by the client, a media segment fed back by the server. With the media receiving method according to the embodiments of the present invention, an objective of rapidly starting playing a media file can be achieved.

Abstract: Different representations are associated with an instance of media content, and a representation can include multiple portions of media content. A respective quality value and bitrate can be associated with each of the portions. Information about the instance of content, including bitrate and quality information, can be accessed by and/or sent to a client. The quality information indicates the availability of measures of quality (e.g., quality values) and where those quality values reside or how they can be retrieved. The client can use quality as well as bitrate to make more intelligent decisions while streaming the content. For example, while the content is being downloaded over a network, the client can adapt to changes in available network bandwidth by selecting one portion of the instance of media content over another based not just on its bitrate but also based on its quality value.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a method, a device, and a system for self-adaptively adjusting a data transmission rate, which solve the problem of network buffer overflow. The method includes: receiving parameters sent by a client; calculating a predicted value of a data sending rate according to a maximum value of a network buffer and the received parameters; judging whether the predicted value of the data sending rate is less than an original service bit rate; and if the predicted value of the data sending rate is less than the original service bit rate, discarding data of at least one data unit in a send buffer. The method, the device, and the system are mainly applied to adjust the data transmission rate, and especially to adjust the data transmission rate in a time-varying network.

Abstract: A method for adaptive streaming of a media content, wherein the method comprises receiving a media presentation description that provides presentation information for the media content, determining a plurality of representations from the media presentation description that comprise segments that are provided with bitrate and quality information, selecting a media segment that meets a desired quality level to download from one of the representations, updating a buffered media time for downloading the media segment, and determining when to switch to another representation by comparing the buffered media time to a switching threshold value.

Abstract: A method for adaptive streaming of a media content, wherein the method comprises receiving a media presentation description that provides presentation information for the media content, determining a plurality of representations from the media presentation description that comprise segments that are provided with bitrate and quality information, selecting a media segment that meets a desired quality level to download from one of the representations, updating a buffered media time for downloading the media segment, and determining when to switch to another representation by comparing the buffered media time to a switching threshold value.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for synchronous playback by multiple smart devices, and an apparatus. A first device acquires frame synchronization information at intervals of a preset time, and sends the frame synchronization information to one or more second devices, where the frame synchronization information is frame information of a frame to be played by the first device or frame information of a frame that the first device starts to play currently; and after learning the frame synchronization information sent by the first device, the second device adjusts frame resources played by itself. Because the multiple smart devices that perform synchronous playback are generally in one local area network, a transmission delay of frame information from the first device to the second device can be ignored, thereby improving a synchronization effect among the multiple smart devices.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide media file receiving and media file sending methods, apparatuses, and systems. A media file receiving method includes: obtaining, by a client, an MPD fragment address of a first MPD fragment from a media presentation description MPD fragment index file according to a start-to-play time point requested by a user; sending, by the client, a first MPD fragment obtaining request including the MPD fragment address of the first MPD fragment to a server; receiving, by the client, the first MPD fragment fed back by the server, and sending a media segment obtaining request to the server according to media description information in the first MPD fragment; and receiving, by the client, a media segment fed back by the server. With the media receiving method according to the embodiments of the present invention, an objective of rapidly starting playing a media file can be achieved.

Abstract: A method for processing a channel switching failure case is disclosed. The method for processing a channel switching failure case is used to provide media services for receiver in unicast and multicast modes and includes: detecting whether a data stream is of failure case after sending a channel switching request; and sending a failure case message and/or a failure case processing message to a channel switching server when a failure case occurs so that the channel switching server may process the failure case. A terminal device and channel switching server are provided so that the channel switching server may recover channel switching services provided for receiver and provide correct services for a user.

Abstract: Different representations are associated with an instance of media content, and a representation can include multiple portions of media content. A respective quality value and bitrate can be associated with each of the portions. Information about the instance of content, including bitrate and quality information, can be accessed by and/or sent to a client. The quality information indicates the availability of measures of quality (e.g., quality values) and where those quality values reside or how they can be retrieved. The client can use quality as well as bitrate to make more intelligent decisions while streaming the content. For example, while the content is being downloaded over a network, the client can adapt to changes in available network bandwidth by selecting one portion of the instance of media content over another based not just on its bitrate but also based on its quality value.

Abstract: A channel switching processing method includes receiving, by a switching server, a channel switching request from a receiving end. When the switching server determines that current switching resource information does not meet a switching condition according to the channel switching request, the switching server performs an exception handling procedure and sends channel switching instruction information to the receiving end. The channel switching instruction information is configured to instruct the receiving end to perform a channel switching operation corresponding to the channel switching instruction information.

Abstract: A method for adaptive streaming of a media content, wherein the method comprises receiving a media presentation description that provides presentation information for the media content, determining a plurality of representations from the media presentation description that comprise segments that are provided with bitrate and quality information, selecting a media segment that meets a desired quality level to download from one of the representations, updating a buffered media time for downloading the media segment, and determining when to switch to another representation by comparing the buffered media time to a switching threshold value.

Abstract: A channel switching processing method, system, and related devices are provided. The method includes: receiving, by a switching server, a channel switching request sent by a receiving end; and when the switching server determines that current switching resource information does not meet a switching condition according to the channel switching request, performing, by the switching server, an exception handling procedure, and sending channel switching instruction information to the receiving end, in which the channel switching instruction information is configured to instruct the receiving end to perform a channel switching operation corresponding to the channel switching instruction information. A channel switching processing system and related devices are also provided. Therefore, the channel switching efficiency may be effectively improved.

Abstract: A method for implementing stream services is provided according to the embodiments of the present invention. The method includes: determining, by a server, a response message, in which the response message includes: at least one of an interval between a first data stream and a second data stream, latest data information of the second data stream, and rate change point information of the first data stream; and sending, by the server, the first data stream and the response message to a receiving end, so that the receiving end performs corresponding operation according to the response message. A communication system and a relevant device are further provided according to the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention can effectively improve data sending flexibility.

Abstract: A channel switching processing method, system, and related devices are provided. The method includes: receiving, by a switching server, a channel switching request sent by a receiving end; and when the switching server determines that current switching resource information does not meet a switching condition according to the channel switching request, performing, by the switching server, an exception handling procedure, and sending channel switching instruction information to the receiving end, in which the channel switching instruction information is configured to instruct the receiving end to perform a channel switching operation corresponding to the channel switching instruction information. A channel switching processing system and related devices are also provided. Therefore, the channel switching efficiency may be effectively improved.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a method, a device, and a system for self-adaptively adjusting a data transmission rate, which solve the problem of network buffer overflow. The method includes: receiving parameters sent by a client; calculating a predicted value of a data sending rate according to a maximum value of a network buffer and the received parameters; judging whether the predicted value of the data sending rate is less than an original service bit rate; and if the predicted value of the data sending rate is less than the original service bit rate, discarding data of at least one data unit in a send buffer. The method, the device, and the system are mainly applied to adjust the data transmission rate, and especially to adjust the data transmission rate in a time-varying network.

Abstract: A method for processing a channel switching failure case is disclosed. The method for processing a channel switching failure case is used to provide media services for receiver in unicast and multicast modes and includes: detecting whether a data stream is of failure case after sending a channel switching request; and sending a failure case message and/or a failure case processing message to a channel switching server when a failure case occurs so that the channel switching server may process the failure case. A terminal device and channel switching server are provided so that the channel switching server may recover channel switching services provided for receiver and provide correct services for a user.