Abstract: A polyacrylamide-based symmetric branched polymer surfactant and a process for preparing the same and use thereof are provided. The surfactant has an acrylamide structure unit, an anionic monomer structure unit, an optional non-ionic monomer structure unit, a branched structure unit, and an optional cationic monomer structure unit. The branched structure unit has at least one of structures represented by formula (1) or formula (2): The polymer surfactant can realize both the high viscosity of the aqueous solution and the low oil water interfacial tension, and can be used as the oil displacement agent in the tertiary oil recovery.