Abstract: The present application provides a battery and an electronic device. The battery includes an electrode assembly, a lower casing, a first conductive part, and a second conductive part. An opening is provided at a top of the lower casing; the second conductive part covers the opening of the lower casing; the second conductive part and the lower casing define an accommodating cavity; the electrode assembly is located in the accommodating cavity; the first conductive part is connected to a side of the second conductive part facing the accommodating cavity; a sealing layer is provided between the first conductive part and the second conductive part to insulate the two conductive parts; a through hole is formed on the second conductive part; and at least part of a structure of the first conductive part is exposed out of the accommodating cavity via the through hole.

Abstract: A series train of symmetrical dual rod-end double-action hydraulic cylinders with a cross sectional area in a series of powers of 2. The cylinders have corresponding computer controlled valves. The cylinders are switchable into three states. One state of shortcutting 2 fluid ports, another state of driving towards each opposite direction of reciprocation and the third state of idling. In the cylinder train all same polarity ports of the valve assembly are connected by hoses or pipes to align towards the same orientation to enable synchronous reciprocal motion and train power output.

Abstract: Subject inventions use a bunch of hydraulic cylinders with cross section area in a series of powers of 2 multiples of the least common denominator. By selection from N pieces of such cylinders with corresponding digital-controllable valves array, the enumerateable quantity of different areal sums shall read: Nth power of 2. With proper switching on the bunch of cylinders, adjustable fluid power supply can be realized to adapt very wide pressure fluctuation of input. Also a novel system of hydrostatic transmission & powertrain is presented, and it features automatic quasi CVT (Continuously Variable Transmission) & regenerative brake with reclaimed energy round trip via same tranny, by virtue of not expensively using planetary gears or variable displacement hydraulic pump/motor.

Abstract: Combining alternative room temperature superconductor and neutrinos lens with other special means can enormously accelerate beta decay, so as to directly generate electricity or thermal energy. Not by extreme low temperature for superconductor, as alternative, mechanically spinning electric charged regular conductor can mimic superconductor in normal ambient condition, but with convenience and far lower energy consumption than cryogenic deep freezer. The virtual-current-generated strong magnetic field is one of the crucial factors to speed up beta decay, as well as the synergy catalysis of focused neutrinos. In a sense, it is a controlled yet accelerated decay nuclear reactor.

Abstract: It is a battery, but electricity output not from electrochemistry, only ionic current loop and its induced high magnetic field ready for use. The power comes from osmotic pressure without any chemical reaction. Recharging the battery can be done by reverse osmosis, or replacement of liquid media. Electrolyte, 2 or 3 liquid segments, ion-exchange membranes and valves are needed. Only 3-segment system can output electricity by non-electrochemical method. Huge current can be generated in liquid-loop comprising different concentration compartments; it is not the regular invisible lepton electronic current, but pure hadron or baryon ionic current, up to millions amperes that can be far larger than any superconductor's capability. Protons and small anions are preferred, so as to reduce mass transfer & ion hammer effect.

Abstract: A new kind of solid-liquid-solid cyclic phase change heat engine is presented with optional but highly recommended multiple cylinders aka multiple stages cascading powertrain. Unlike the traditional Rankine engine or Stirling engine, hereby the gaseous phase is prohibited, and the conventional turbine is abandoned too. Under the drive of heat flux, low expansion volume of the working Phase Change Material (PCM) replaces the high expansion volume of hot gas, and in compensation, high expansion pressure replaces the low expansion pressure of hot gas. Via the isolated transformation from PCM pressure to hydraulic oil pressure, plus fluidic AC-DC rectification, a standard hydraulic motor replaces the gas or steam turbine. Multi-cylinder cascading heat engine can linearly increase up efficiency close to the ideal Carnot efficiency.

Abstract: Natural water evaporation is a buffered process with huge energy absorption from solar & its derivative wind energy. When large surface shallow pool filled with aqueous solution is exposed under sky, the most portion of natural energy will be spent for pulling water out of water molecules cluster, yet there is still some energy for splitting water from solutes, then the concentration increases, in turn, despite the main former energy is sacrificed, but the stronger solution can redeem most the latter energy during a process of Pressure Retarded Osmosis (PRO), via membranes separating solution & available water in situ, then the redeemed energy serves as utilizable power output, with the assistance of key units or components: the osmotic to hydraulic pressure transformer, the hydraulic oil current rectification fluidic circuit & a hydraulic motor.

Abstract: The electric vs. mechanic bi-directional power conversion application has been traditionally and asymmetrically favoring at magnetic element as energy caching and buffering bridge, e.g. the electric motors and generators that are also abstracted as electromechanical devices. The theory behind electromechanical devices is electrodynamics. Based on the fast development of high energy density dielectric materials, my inventions are to be a game changer: let electrical field alone to take the heavy duty of electromechanical utilities, and let “dielectrodynamics” replace electrodynamics. Of the most importance is the key limitless high voltage generator, which can cover full gamut of voltages from volts to kilovolts (KV), megavolts (MV), gigavolts (GV), teravolts (TV), and whatever we need, just provided necessary space occupancy and mechanic work are secured to assist dielectric piston or blades displacement.

Abstract: A liquid storage device for a propellant tank in a spacecraft includes a gas-guide tube, a cover plate, a housing, blades, a supporting column, a base, a passage-window pressing plate, a passage-window mesh piece, a liquid-storage-device mesh piece, a fixing block, and a pressing plate for the liquid-storage-device mesh piece. The blades are uniformly distributed on and fixed to the support column in a radial direction to form an integral structure, and the integral structure is mounted on and fixed to a circular partition plate in the base. The liquid-storage-device mesh piece is pressed on the circular partition plate in the base by the pressing plate for the liquid-storage-device mesh piece and then is fixed. The passage-window mesh piece is pressed on the outer side of a cylinder wall of the base by the passage-window pressing plate and then is fixed.

Abstract: Human used to get power from gas expansion in heat engine. Extraction of mechanic work from gaseous expansion is always low efficient, because circa 70% energy is hidden in the exhausted vapor in the form of latent heat and rejected or dumped out of cycle because the slow condensation may choke mass conservative looping. As liquid is hard to be compressed, power transmission can be reasonably assumed lossless, so harvesting mechanic power from liquid flow is high efficient. But historically it is rarely considered for how to form a powerful liquid flow in a typical gas-liquid dual-phase co-existed thermodynamic system, such as the most used Rankine-cycle heat engine. A new method or say Wei heat engine is invented that is based on a new defined Wei second class thermodynamic cycle.

Abstract: A liquid storage device for a propellant tank in a spacecraft includes a gas-guide tube, a cover plate, a housing, blades, a supporting column, a base, a passage-window pressing plate, a passage-window mesh piece, a liquid-storage-device mesh piece, a fixing block, and a pressing plate for the liquid-storage-device mesh piece. The blades are uniformly distributed on and fixed to the support column in a radial direction to form an integral structure, and the integral structure is mounted on and fixed to a circular partition plate in the base. The liquid-storage-device mesh piece is pressed on the circular partition plate in the base by the pressing plate for the liquid-storage-device mesh piece and then is fixed. The passage-window mesh piece is pressed on the outer side of a cylinder wall of the base by the passage-window pressing plate and then is fixed.

Abstract: Atmosphere contains huge vapor latent energy. This set of inventions discloses a method to scavenge the said latent heat and distribute it to heat demanding space, or for power generation. The condensed water can be collected for living, such that makes special sense for desert or marine zone. It is well known that a cup of hot coffee sitting on glass table can produce water droplets underneath bottom cavity. This invention is mimicking the said hot coffee phenomenon. Different embodied apparatuses are depicted: one is totally a free energy version with special hydrophobic IR reflection coating design, the other one needs minor energy to wipe away the condensed water in a pulse mode. All embodiments must have a starting process to warm up working fluid in a partially insulated container by whatever heater. Although the description is lengthy, it is worthy to seriously study the full contents for the spirits of revolutionary exploitation of free energy.

Abstract: A generator apparatus and method that can work only when the temperature at higher position is colder than temperature at lower position, utilize the gravity energy that is caused by height difference. The boiling point of working fluid is about around the temperature of bottom. The vaporization function will raise the vapor to the top end heat exchanger along the vertical vapor pipe. The top end is exposed in colder ambient, so the vapor will be condensed quickly to liquid, then free fall to bottom end along another vertical liquid pipe. At the bottom, a hydro-wheel generator or dedicated fluid kinetic generator is used to connect the liquid pipe and vaporization tray. If the bottom end is under the water body, most part of the system should be waterproof for submersible application. Most likely the present invention is suitable for cold belt or glacier zone geographically. In a sense, the invention looks like to artificially simulate the natural water circulation.

Abstract: Large size livestock animal, such as cow and horse, emits significant heat energy all time. A special device of water jacket works both as animal clothes and thermal collector. There are 3 hoses attached to the water jacket: 2 for water circulation; 1 for skin vapor collection. Animals are penned on an open camp or uninsulated tie-stall barn. All hoses are hooked to a pipe matrix that is systematically connected to a barn-side water tank and vapor compressor. Another building-side water tank is used to store higher temperature water that is the direct heat source of a radiant floor heating system. The heat pump draws heat from barn-side warm water tank, and discharges heat to building-side water tank, then supports radiant floor heating system in winter or heat engine power plant in summer. Water jack can also relieve the animal heat stress, because underground water is cooler than ambient air during hot season.