Abstract: A method of forming 4-amino-2-buten-1-ol using 3,4-epoxy-1-butene is disclosed. A nitrogen nucleophile (e.g., an amine) is reacted with 3,4-epoxy-1-butene in the presence of a polymer-bound complex of palladium having up to four phosphine ligands.

Abstract: 4-amino-2-buten-1-ol is formed by the regioselective addition of primary amines or ammonia to 3,4-epoxy-1-butene. A quantity of a the primary amine or ammonia is reacted with 3,4-epoxy-1-butene in a reaction medium in the presence of a catalyst. The reaction medium is a liquid which has an E.sub.T (30) no less than about 32. The catalyst is a complex of palladium and phosphine ligands.

Abstract: Photoconductive elements which have high sensitivity to radiation in the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum comprise a conductive support, a charge generation material which includes a near-infrared-sensitive organic pigment and, electrically contiguous with the charge generation material, an aggregate photoconductive material. A preferred embodiment is bimodal.

Abstract: A method for patterning precursor film, a product thereof, a method for preparing a patterned ceramic film and a processing workpiece. The method for patterning precursor film includes the steps of depositing a blocking layer over the precursor film, patterning the overlaid blocking layer to uncover portions of the precursor film, irradiating the patterned blocking layer and uncovered portions of the precursor film with a beam sufficiently energetic to radiation modify the full thickness of unmasked portions of the precursor film and insufficiently energetic to radiation modify portions of the precursor film covered by the blocking layer, and developing the precursor film. The blocking layer has a lesser thickness than the precursor film, but is sufficiently thick to block an irradiating beam having the minimal energy necessary to radiation modify the full thickness of the precursor layer.

Abstract: A photoconductor element of the type comprising successive layers of a support layer, a barrier layer, a charge generation layer, and an n-type charge transport layer wherein the barrier layer is less than about 1.0 micron in thickness and is comprised of (1) at least one monoethylenically unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid anhydride containing 4 through 8 carbon atoms per molecule, and (2) at least one vinyl monomer wherein the weight ratio of (1) to (2) is in the range of about 10:1 to 1:10.

Abstract: Novel tetrasubstituted dicyanomethylene cyclopentadienes are provided which have utility as electron-transport agents in positively-charged electrophotographic elements. The compounds are characterized by the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 and R.sub.4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, halogen and cyano;R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of aryl and substituted aryl; andZ and Z' are each an electron withdrawing group.

Abstract: A new synthetic method for the production of alkali metal niobates and tantalates is disclosed. The method involves the pyrolysis of a stoichiometric salt of an alkali metal and a niobium or tantalum complex of a bidentate or tridentate ligand. These salts are stable and, since the alkali metal and the niobioum or tantalum are already present in stoichiometric amounts, the resulting material comprises a substantially pure alkali metal niobate or tantalate.

Abstract: Cyclic bis-dicarboximides are employed as electron transport agents in photoconductor elements. Such compounds are characterized by the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which may be the same or different, represent aryl, or aryl substituted with alkyl, alkoxy, perfluoroalkyl or perfluoroalkoxy groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms; sulfonyl; sulfone; sulfonamide; nitrile; or nitro groups;R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, and R.sup.6, which may be the same or different, represent hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkoxy having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or halogen; andn is 0 to 3.

Abstract: A novel C-centered monoclinic bromoindium phthalocyanine pigment is obtained by reacting high-purity diiminoisoindoline with indium tribromide in the solvent, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone. Multiactive photoconductive elements prepared by dispersion-coating a charge-generation layer containing this pigment have high sensitivity to near-infrared radiation.

Abstract: Near infrared sensitive photoconductive elements are made from fluorine-substituted titanylphthalocyanine pigments which can be dispersion coated.

Abstract: A novel C-centered monoclinic bromoindium phthalocyanine pigment is obtained by reacting high-purity diiminoisoindoline with indium tribromide in the solvent, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone. Multiactive photoconductive elements prepared by dispersion-coating a charge-generation layer containing this pigment have high sensitivity to near-infrared radiation.