Abstract: This invention provides a method of pixel data compression in which sets of adjacent pixels are compressed in a manner which is sometimes lossy but which reserves the greatest loss of accuracy for circumstances where loss is masked by high frequency components of the original pixel data.

Abstract: A method and system for synchronizing to an incoming Hsync signal, and for generating a phase locked clock signal in response thereto. The Hsync signal and an incoming clock are coupled to a sequence of modules. Each module includes a latch for sampling the incoming clock on a transition of the Hsync signal, whose output is combined (using an XOR gate) with the Hsync signal. Each module includes a time delay for generating a delayed clock signal, incrementally delayed from the previous module in the sequence, so that the clock signal for each module is phase-offset from all other modules. The latch outputs are summed using a resistor network, to produce a triangle-shaped waveform which is phase locked to the Hsync signal and which is frequency locked to the incoming clock. The triangle-shaped waveform is compared with a constant voltage to produce a square wave.

Abstract: An improved digital signal processor, in which arithmetic multiply-add instructions are performed faster with substantial accuracy. The digital signal processor performs multiply-add instructions with look-ahead rounding, so that rounding after repeated arithmetic operations proceeds much more rapidly. The digital signal processor is also augmented with additional instruction formats which are particularly useful for digital signal processing. A first additional instruction format allows the digital signal processor to incorporate a small constant immediately into an instruction, such as to add a small constant value to a register value, or to multiply a register by a small constant value; this allows the digital signal processor to conduct the arithmetic operation with only one memory lookup instead of two.

Abstract: An improved audio-output device coupleable to a computer system, in which a DSP operating under software control emulates a common command interface. The command interface has a set of registers that are made available to the CPU for reading and writing, even if there are no such physical registers available in the device. The DSP also performs tasks in addition to audio-output, even though the audio-output device is required to respond immediately to commands from the CPU. The audio-output device has a DSP for interpreting and executing commands received from the CPU, a local memory for storing data input to or output from the DSP, a bus-interface (BIF) element for coupling the DSP and memory to a system bus, and a direct memory access (DMA) element for transferring data between the local memory and the system bus.

Abstract: An improved audio-output device coupleable to a computer system, in which a DSP operating under software control emulates a common command interface. The command interface has a set of registers that are made available to the CPU for reading and writing, even if there are no such physical registers available in the device. The DSP also performs tasks in addition to audio-output, even though the audio-output device is required to respond immediately to commands from the CPU. The audio-output device has a DSP for interpreting and executing commands received from the CPU, a local memory for storing data input to or output from the DSP, a bus-interface (BIF) element for coupling the DSP and memory to a system bus, and a direct memory access (DMA) element for transferring data between the local memory and the system bus.

Abstract: A method for decoding and displaying video signals using a memory buffer, in which a speed of a write operation for a memory buffer is adjusted to avoid overtaking a read operation for the same memory buffer. A display controller and a video MPEG engine contend for access to a DRAM memory buffer controller, and have their relative priorities set so that the video MPEG engine operates to write to the memory buffer at a relatively slow speed during a time period when the display controller is reading from that same memory buffer, and to write to the memory buffer at a relatively fast speed during a time period when the display controller is not reading from the memory buffer. The relatively slow speed is preferably much slower than the reading speed of the display controller, while the relatively fast speed is preferably much faster than the display controller.

Abstract: An improved audio-output device coupleable to a computer system, in which a DSP operating under software control emulates a common command interface. The command interface has a set of registers that are made available to the CPU for reading and writing, even if there are no such physical registers available in the device. The DSP also performs tasks in addition to audio-output, even though the audio-output device is required to respond immediately to commands from the CPU. The audio-output device has a DSP for interpreting and executing commands received from the CPU, a local memory for storing data input to or output from the DSP, a bus-interface (BIF) element for coupling the DSP and memory to a system bus, and a direct memory access (DMA) element for transferring data between the local memory and the system bus.

Abstract: A method and system for synchronizing to an incoming Hsync signal, and for generating a phase locked clock signal in response thereto. The Hsync signal and an incoming clock are coupled to a sequence of modules. Each module includes a latch for sampling the incoming clock on a transition of the Hsync signal, whose output is combined (using an XOR gate) with the Hsync signal. Each module includes a time delay for generating a delayed clock signal, incrementally delayed from the previous module in the sequence, so that the clock signal for each module is phase-offset from all other modules. The latch outputs are summed using a resistor network, to produce a triangle-shaped waveform which is phase locked to the Hsync signal and which is frequency locked to the incoming clock. The triangle-shaped waveform is compared with a constant voltage to produce a square wave.

Abstract: An improved audio-output device coupleable to a computer system, in which a DSP operating under software control emulates a common command interface. The command interface has a set of registers that are made available to the CPU for reading and writing, even if there are no such physical registers available in the device. The DSP also performs tasks in addition to audio-output, even though the audio-output device is required to respond immediately to commands from the CPU. The audio-output device has a DSP for interpreting and executing commands received from the CPU, a local memory for storing data input to or output from the DSP, a bus-interface (BIF) element for coupling the DSP and memory to a system bus, and a direct memory access (DMA) element for transferring data between the local memory and the system bus.