Abstract: The present disclosure provides communication apparatus and communication method for channel estimation. The communication apparatus comprises circuitry, which, in operation, generates a signal comprising one or more non-legacy long training field (LTF) symbols, each of the one or more non-legacy LTF symbols comprising a plurality of data tones and a plurality of pilot tones, maps a non-legacy LTF sequence to the plurality of data tones and the plurality of pilot tones, and groups the plurality of data tones with nonzero non-legacy LTF sequence values into a first tone group and a second tone group; and a transmitter which, in operation, transmits the generated signal.

Abstract: A method for sequencing a biological molecule, such as a nucleic acid molecule, and a method for detecting and/or correcting sequencing error(s) in the sequencing results are provided. Kits and systems based on the above methods are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for preparing a micro-channel array plate, comprising the steps of : (1) arranging a first optical fiber glass rod and a second optical fiber glass rod closely, melting the two glass rods into a whole at a high temperature to obtain a melted glass rod, drawing the melted glass rod at least one time into a longer and thinner glass rod than the melted glass rod, and cutting the drawn glass rod into small pieces to obtain a micro-channel array plate blank, wherein the corrosion resistance of the first optical fiber glass rod and the second optical fiber glass rod to the same corrosive liquid is different; (2) corroding the micro-channel array plate blank by a corrosive liquid to obtain a micro-channel array plate crude product with through holes; and (3) conducting hydrophobic treatment on the micro-channel array plate crude product to obtain the micro-channel array plate.

Abstract: A method for sequencing a biological molecule, such as a nucleic acid molecule, and a method for detecting and/or correcting sequencing error(s) in the sequencing results are provided. Kits and systems based on the above methods are also provided.

Abstract: A method for sequencing a biological molecule, such as a nucleic acid molecule, and a method for detecting and/or correcting sequencing error(s) in the sequencing results are provided. Kits and systems based on the above methods are also provided.

Abstract: A method for sequencing a biological molecule, such as a nucleic acid molecule, and a method for detecting and/or correcting sequencing error(s) in the sequencing results are provided. Kits and systems based on the above methods are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for preparing a micro-channel array plate, comprising the steps of: (1) arranging a first optical fiber glass rod and a second optical fiber glass rod closely, melting the two glass rods into a whole at a high temperature to obtain a melted glass rod, drawing the melted glass rod at least one time into a longer and thinner glass rod than the melted glass rod, and cutting the drawn glass rod into small pieces to obtain a micro-channel array plate blank, wherein the corrosion resistance of the first optical fiber glass rod and the second optical fiber glass rod to the same corrosive liquid is different; (2) corroding the micro-channel array plate blank by a corrosive liquid to obtain a micro-channel array plate crude product with through holes; and (3) conducting hydrophobic treatment on the micro-channel array plate crude product to obtain the micro-channel array plate.

Abstract: An oil-phase composition for generating water-in-oil droplets by means of centrifugation, consisting of the following components: 7-15% (v/v) of a long-chain alkyl-containing silicon-oxygen chain nonionic surfactant and 0-10% of mineral oil, with the balance being diethylhexyl carbonate; or consisting of the following components: 85-95% (v/v) of a long-chain alkane ester and 5-15% (v/v) of a long-chain alkyl-containing silicon-oxygen chain nonionic surfactant; or consisting of silicone oil and a surfactant. Also provided is a method for generating water-in-oil droplets by means of centrifugation using the oil-phase composition as a second liquid.

Abstract: A high-throughput sequencing method for detecting methylated CpG islands includes: processing a DNA sample by using a modifier, and converting cytosine in the DNA sample into uracil, and keeping 5?methylcytosine unchanged; amplifying the obtained segment by using a primer A and DNA polymerase, to obtain a segment having one end being capable of anchoring a junction primer C; amplifying the obtained segment by using a primer B and DNA polymerase, to obtain a segment gathering methylated CpG islands and having two ends being capable of separately anchoring junction primers C and D; amplifying the obtained segment at a PCR exponent by using the junction primers C and D and the DNA polymerase, to obtain the amplified product; and separating and purifying the amplified product, to form a high-throughput sequencing library and perform computer sequencing, and data analysis.

Abstract: A method for sequencing a biological molecule, such as a nucleic acid molecule, and a method for detecting and/or correcting sequencing error(s) in the sequencing results are provided. Kits and systems based on the above methods are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for detecting differentially methylated CpG islands associated with an abnormal state of a human body, characterized by detecting very minute amounts of methylated CpG short tandem nucleic acid sequences in highly fragmented DNA samples with genome scale, identifying differentially methylated CpG islands associated with abnormal state of human body and determining the corresponding abnormal state of human body. Sequencing libraries are constructed by using CpG short tandem sequences as primers to perform three steps of PCR reactions on DNAs which are conversed by nodifiers, and detections of very minute amounts of methylated CpG short tandem nucleic acid sequences are implemented with high throughput sequencing technology. A group of genome sequences and methylation patterns of differentially methylated CpG islands which are associated with hepatocellular carcinoma are also disclosed; they may be used for distinguishing between hepatacellular carcinoma and non-cancerous state.

Abstract: A high-throughput sequencing method for detecting methylated CpG islands includes: processing a DNA sample by using a modifier, and converting cytosine in the DNA sample into uracil, and keeping 5?methylcytosine unchanged; amplifying the obtained segment by using a primer A and DNA polymerase, to obtain a segment having one end being capable of anchoring a junction primer C; amplifying the obtained segment by using a primer B and DNA polymerase, to obtain a segment gathering methylated CpG islands and having two ends being capable of separately anchoring junction primers C and D; amplifying the obtained segment at a PCR exponent by using the junction primers C and D and the DNA polymerase, to obtain the amplified product; and separating and purifying the amplified product, to form a high-throughput sequencing library and perform computer sequencing, and data analysis.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and materials for assembling long polynucleotides from synthetic oligonucleotides. The use of synthetic oligonucleotides permits non-natural design of sequences. The oligonucleotides used for construction may be relatively short, according to practicalities of nucleotide synthesis. They are assembled using a ligase which is operative over a range of temperatures, i.e., is thermostable. The method and oligonucleotides are designed such that the melting temperature of the strands to be hybridized is set at a number of selected specific temperatures for each group of oligonucleotides to be hybridized and ligated. Hybridization and ligation take place at or near the melting temperature, so that each succeeding ligation is governed by a temperature that will prevent hybridization if any mismatches are present.

Abstract: A device is disclosed for culturing cells in at least one cell culture well. The device includes one or more interconnecting layers having a pattern therein, the pattern including at least one microfluidic channel, at least one cell culture well having an opening at one end and a side wall, the at least one microfluidic channel in fluid communication with the side wall of the at least one cell culture well, and having a maximum channel width substantially less than a maximum width of the at least one cell culture well. The device includes at least one of a controllable valve and a controllable pump in fluid communication with the microfluidic channel, the valve and pump being configured to selectably restrict fluid transport through the microfluidic channel. In some embodiments, the device includes a removable top layer adapted to cover each of the at least one cell culture well.