Abstract: A polyolefin microporous membrane has excellent self-discharge characteristics when the polyolefin microporous membrane is incorporated as a separator in a battery. The polyolefin microporous membrane has a membrane thickness change rate of 0% or more and 15% or less with respect to 100% of the membrane thickness of said polyolefin microporous membrane that has not heated nor compressed, wherein said membrane thickness change rate is obtained when said polyolefin microporous membrane is compressed under heat at a temperature of 80° C. at a pressure of 1 MPa for 60 minutes.

Abstract: A polyolefin microporous membrane in which defects including scratches and pinholes can be stably detected, even when the membrane has a reduced thickness, has a light transmittance at a wavelength of 660 nm of 40% or less, and satisfies at least one of the following properties (1) and (2), wherein (1) the basis weight is 3.0 g/m2 or less, and (2) the membrane thickness is 4 ?m or less.

Abstract: A polyolefin microporous membrane has a haze value measured in accordance with JIS K 7136 being 90% or less and puncture strength of 1.96 N or more. A multilayer polyolefin microporous membrane includes at least one layer of the polyolefin microporous membrane. A stacked polyolefin microporous membrane includes the polyolefin microporous membrane and one or more coating layers on at least one surface of the polyolefin microporous membrane. A battery includes a separator containing the polyolefin microporous membrane.

Abstract: A system for collaborative energy management and control in a building, including an energy management controller, one or more occupant HMIs that supports two-way communication between building occupants and a facility manager, and between building occupants and the energy management controller, and a facility manager HMI that supports two-way communication between the facility manager and the building occupants, and between the facility manager and the energy management controller, in which the occupant HMI allows building occupants to provide temperature preferences to the facility manager and the energy management controller, and the facility manager HMI allows the facility manager to configure an energy policy for the building as a set of rules and to view occupants' aggregated temperature preferences, and the energy management controller determines an optimum temperature range that resolves conflicting occupant temperature preferences and occupant temperature preferences that conflict with the facility m