Abstract: The present invention is a non-contact temperature measurement etalon, the paper discusses a limited area of the “point” of temperature produce light frequency conversion to electricity in frequency, found that any temperature all can be converted to a variety of different electric frequency, but a kind of electric frequency can represent a temperature of irreversible relationship. Due to the accuracy of the temperature with standard than the ordinary highlighted. it high precision 1˜2 orders of magnitude, the temperature of the electricity produced as long as the frequency take upper limit, namely frequency number increased 1˜2 orders of magnitude, it reached the requirements of the temperature etalon.

Abstract: The present invention is an optical digital thermometer, the novel non-contact digital optical thermometer is based on quantum theory of lightwaves, it can replace the conventional non-contact thermometers that are based on Planck's Law of Blackbody Radiation. The said invention points out four aspects of misunderstandings regarding relationship between temperature (thermal energy) and wave energy of a subject emulated by Boltzmann, Wien, Planck, Rayleigh, Hopkins and other scientists 130 years ago, namely: (1) the temperature of an object is not evenly distributed; (2) lack the awareness of logarithmic distribution of the energy; (3) the fact that a sensor (a thermocouple) has a limited operation range was ignored; (4) treated variable as a constant, in fact, the Planck constant of a materials is not a true constant. These errors result in incorrect temperature measurements, and causes huge waste of energy and technology failures.

Abstract: The present invention involves new, innovative optical fiber probes, applied for temperature measurement with a quick response time. This new type of probe is composed of an IR wave-guide, including the following: a wave-limiter; a wave-splitter, an exponent/logarithm transfer, a logarithmic subtractive device, a self-adjustable wave-cutting device, and an opto-electric probe head. The probe quickly responds to temperature, 1 ms or less, then releases the data captured digitally. This invention, offering numerous possible widespread applications, could replace thermocouples and sensors utilized for contact and non-contact measurement, as well as become an ideal for standard temperature measurement. The dual-waves optical method and the digital technique of the optics are both applied to this invention. Based on the above-mentioned, multi-functional fiber optical sensors, capable of measuring a variety of biological, chemical, and physical quantities, can be developed.

Abstract: The present invention is a method and an apparatus for the purpose of monitoring steam quality, temperature, and pressure, all located at the head of an injection well; steam along with high temperature and pressure are applied towards extraction of dense oil. The space index of refraction, representing the status of the mixture ratio in regards to steam and water, determines steam quality; a fiber optic method is employed for the above-mentioned task. Sensors, in the optical fiber, possess capabilities to also measure the temperature and pressure status throughout the fluid. Continually operating in all weather conditions, without flow obstruction, the sensors directly contact the steam; high temperature and pressure ratio determination would be the resulting outcome.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for monitoring the quality of crude oil, including oil, gas, and water holdup, are disclosed on-line. The apparatus comprises a series of fiber optical sensors that are installed into the transferring pipe of the crude oil, which exits at any given moment from underground. The method provides analytical data on-line concerning the status of the crude oil at any point in time. Great reliability and a quick response can be expected without sending samples to a laboratory. Therefore, the invented method allows the user to adjust the technology of the oil extraction according to the status of the crude oil.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for on-line monitoring of solid-fuel/air rate of flows in a pipe as in a boiler or during gasification processes with high accuracy, high reliability, and a fast response are disclosed. The apparatus essentially comprises optical fiber vibration sensors, a spherical ejector rod, and a signal-emitting device installed in a housing, inside a pipe, to determine solid-fuel/air ratios and their rate of flow simultaneously. In terms of a master controller and a group of on-line controllers, monitoring the intake of granular carbonaceous material such as water vapor and air approaches the optimal operating status by regulating the temperature of the boiler or used in the gasification process, in accordance with the comparison of the data detected by current methods and optimal data.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for the real-time measurement of volumetric flow rates of the water/oil/gas fractions of a multiphase (water/oil/gas) flow in a pipe without the requirement of the separation of the gas and liquids. A number of material property sensors, multiphase flow-rate sensors, and temperature sensors are utilized. The water, oil or gas properties in a small region are determined instantaneously by a number of material property sensors based on the viscosity differences of the individual phases of the multiphase fluid at a certain temperature. Adding the volumetric flow fractions of the same phases in the small regions, the volumetric flow of the individual phases of the multiphase flow during a known time interval can be obtained.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are disclosed for the measurement of the aridity, temperature, flow rate, total pressure, still pressure, and kinetic pressure of steam at a downhole location within a well through which wet steam is flowing. The apparatus comprises a series of fiber optic sensors that are mounted on sections of a shell assembly. The apparatus is lowered into a well to different downhole locations, and measures the multiple parameters of steam at different locations and heights. The data can be stored on board for subsequent analysis at the surface when the apparatus is retrieved from the well. The apparatus is very reliable, accurate, and of long-life in harsh environments.

Abstract: A pyrometer for measuring the temperature of an object with high accuracy and fast response time that uses both multi-wavelength pyrometry techniques and nanotechnology. Radiance from an object is transmitted through a fiber optic cable, is received by a thin-film multi-wavelength modulator, and is detected by an optical detector array. More specifically, the pyrometer includes means for conveying light; an optical lens; an optical fiber; means for optically modulating the wavelength of light; means for optically detecting the modulated light; means for transforming the optically detected wavelengths into electrical signals; and means for processing and recording the electrical signals. The means for optically modulating the wavelength includes at least one piezoelectric film deposited by an electrostatic self-assembly method.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for monitoring fuel combustion status in a burner such as a boiler and a gasifier with high accuracy, high reliability and fast response are disclosed. The apparatus comprises a series of fiber optic flame monitors that are installed next to each nozzle inside said burner to determine temperature, flame flash frequency and the burned fuel particle density. In terms of a master controller and a group of on-line controllers, the optimized combustion of the burner is approached by monitoring the combustion status of each nozzle and regulating the discharges of air or oxygen and fuel to each nozzle, in accordance with the comparison of the data detected by flame monitors and optimal data.