Abstract: A robust wireless communications network is deployed by retrofitting spatially distributed light sockets with integrated light/communicator modules. Each light/communicator module comprises an electric lamp and a communicator unit, the communicator unit having an RF transceiver, an antenna, and a Broadband processor for communicating with other nodes in the wireless communication network, using a suitable mesh network protocol. A power conversion unit is optionally provided in each integrated light/communicator module so that the individual components of the module may operate on the standard light socket power or selectably from other power sources.

Abstract: A robust wireless communications network is deployed by retrofitting spatially distributed light sockets with integrated light/communicator modules. Each light/communicator module comprises an electric lamp and a communicator unit, the communicator unit having an RF transceiver, an antenna, and a Broadband processor for communicating with other nodes in the wireless communication network, using a suitable mesh network protocol. A power conversion unit is optionally provided in each integrated light/communicator module so that the individual components of the module may operate on the standard light socket power or selectably from other power sources.

Abstract: A robust wireless communications network is deployed by retrofitting spatially distributed light sockets with integrated light/communicator modules. Each light/communicator module comprises an electric lamp and a communicator unit, the communicator unit having an RF transceiver, an antenna, and a Broadband processor for communicating with other nodes in the wireless communication network, using a suitable mesh network protocol. A power conversion unit is optionally provided in each integrated light/communicator module so that the individual components of the module may operate on the standard light socket power or selectably from other power sources.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a circuit including multiple magnetic tunnel junctions, the circuit configured to convert a quadrature modulated magnetic field to a quadrature modulated electrical signal, each magnetic tunnel junction including a storage layer having a storage magnetization and a sense layer having a sense magnetization, each magnetic tunnel junction being configured such that the sense magnetization and impedance of each magnetic tunnel junction vary in response to the quadrature modulated magnetic field. The apparatus further includes a module configured to demodulate the quadrature modulated electrical signal to recover a signal encoded in the quadrature modulated magnetic field.

Abstract: A circuit has a magnetic device to produce a pre-distorted signal from a sinusoidal input signal. The magnetic device has physical attributes selected to produce characteristics of the pre-distorted signal. A power amplifier is coupled to the magnetic device. The power amplifier processes the pre-distorted signal to produce an output signal with reduced nonlinear behavior associated with the power amplifier.

Abstract: An apparatus includes groups of magnetic tunnel junctions, where the magnetic tunnel junctions in each group are arranged in rows, the magnetic tunnel junctions in each row are connected in series, and the rows are connected in parallel. The apparatus further includes a first conductive layer including conductive interconnects, a second conductive layer including straps, and a third conductive layer including field lines, each field line configured to generate a magnetic field for configuring an operating point of a corresponding subset of the magnetic tunnel junctions in each group based on a current flow through each field line. The magnetic tunnel junctions in each group are disposed between and connected to a corresponding one of the conductive interconnects and a corresponding one of the straps. The second conductive layer is disposed between the first conductive layer and the third conductive layer.

Abstract: An apparatus includes circuits including a first circuit and a second circuit, each circuit including subarrays of magnetic tunnel junctions, where: (1) the magnetic tunnel junctions in each subarray are arranged in rows, the magnetic tunnel junctions in each row are connected in series, and the rows are connected in parallel; and (2) the subarrays are connected in series. The apparatus further comprises a field line configured to generate a first magnetic field for configuring an operating point of the first circuit based on a current flow through the field line, where the impedance of a subset of the plurality of rows in each subarray of magnetic tunnel junctions included in the first circuit is configured based on the first magnetic field.

Abstract: An apparatus includes circuits and a module configured to determine an external magnetic field based on a parameter of each circuit. Each circuit includes an array of magnetic tunnel junctions partitioned into subarrays. The magnetic tunnel junctions in each subarray are arranged in rows, the magnetic tunnel junctions in each row are connected in series, and the rows are connected in parallel. The subarrays are connected in series. Each magnetic tunnel junction includes a storage layer having a storage magnetization and a sense layer having a sense magnetization. Each magnetic tunnel junction is configured such that the sense magnetization and impedance of each magnetic tunnel junction vary in response to an external magnetic field. The parameter of each circuit varies based on a combined impedance of the multiple magnetic tunnel junctions. The module is implemented in at least one of a memory or a processing device.

Abstract: An apparatus includes circuits including a first circuit and a second circuit, each circuit including subarrays of magnetic tunnel junctions, where: (1) the magnetic tunnel junctions in each subarray are arranged in rows, the magnetic tunnel junctions in each row are connected in series, and the rows are connected in parallel; and the subarrays are connected in series. The apparatus further comprises a field line configured to generate a first magnetic field for configuring an operating point of the first circuit based on a current flow through the field line, wherein impedance of one or more of the magnetic tunnel junctions in each of the plurality of rows of each subarray of magnetic tunnel junctions included in the first circuit is configured based on the first magnetic field.

Abstract: A circuit includes a magnetic logic unit including input terminals, output terminals, a field line, and magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). The field line electrically connects a first and a second input terminal, and is configured to generate a magnetic field based on an input to at least one of the first and the second input terminal. The input is based on a first analog input to the circuit. Each MTJ is electrically connected to a first and a second output terminal, and is configured such that an output of at least one of the first and the second output terminal varies in response to a combined resistance of the MTJs. The resistance of the MTJs varies based on the magnetic field. The circuit is configured to mix the first analog input and a second analog input to generate an analog output based on the output of the second output terminal.

Abstract: A circuit has a magnetic device to produce a pre-distorted signal from a sinusoidal input signal. The magnetic device has physical attributes selected to produce characteristics of the pre-distorted signal. A power amplifier is coupled to the magnetic device. The power amplifier processes the pre-distorted signal to produce an output signal with reduced nonlinear behavior associated with the power amplifier.

Abstract: A circuit includes a magnetic logic unit including input terminals, output terminals, a field line, and magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). The field line electrically connects a first and a second input terminal, and is configured to generate a magnetic field based on an input to at least one of the first and the second input terminal. The input is based on an analog input to the circuit. Each MTJ is electrically connected to a first output terminal and a second output terminal, and is configured such that an output of at least one of the first and the second output terminal varies in response to a combined resistance of the MTJs. The resistance of each of the MTJs varies based on the magnetic field. The circuit is configured to generate an analog output based on the output of at least one of the first and the second output terminal.

Abstract: An apparatus includes groups of magnetic tunnel junctions, where the magnetic tunnel junctions in each group are arranged in rows, the magnetic tunnel junctions in each row are connected in series, and the rows are connected in parallel. The apparatus further includes a first conductive layer including conductive interconnects, a second conductive layer including straps, and a third conductive layer including field lines, each field line configured to generate a magnetic field for configuring an operating point of a corresponding subset of the magnetic tunnel junctions in each group based on a current flow through each field line. The magnetic tunnel junctions in each group are disposed between and connected to a corresponding one of the conductive interconnects and a corresponding one of the straps. The second conductive layer is disposed between the first conductive layer and the third conductive layer.

Abstract: An apparatus includes circuits including a first circuit and a second circuit, each circuit including subarrays of magnetic tunnel junctions, where: (1) the magnetic tunnel junctions in each subarray are arranged in rows, the magnetic tunnel junctions in each row are connected in series, and the rows are connected in parallel; and (2) the subarrays are connected in series. The apparatus further comprises a field line configured to generate a first magnetic field for configuring an operating point of the first circuit based on a current flow through the field line, where the impedance of a subset of the plurality of rows in each subarray of magnetic tunnel junctions included in the first circuit is configured based on the first magnetic field.

Abstract: An apparatus includes circuits including a first circuit and a second circuit, each circuit including subarrays of magnetic tunnel junctions, where: (1) the magnetic tunnel junctions in each subarray are arranged in rows, the magnetic tunnel junctions in each row are connected in series, and the rows are connected in parallel; and the subarrays are connected in series. The apparatus further comprises a field line configured to generate a first magnetic field for configuring an operating point of the first circuit based on a current flow through the field line, wherein impedance of one or more of the magnetic tunnel junctions in each of the plurality of rows of each subarray of magnetic tunnel junctions included in the first circuit is configured based on the first magnetic field.

Abstract: An apparatus includes circuits and a module configured to determine an external magnetic field based on a parameter of each circuit. Each circuit includes an array of magnetic tunnel junctions partitioned into subarrays. The magnetic tunnel junctions in each subarray are arranged in rows, the magnetic tunnel junctions in each row are connected in series, and the rows are connected in parallel. The subarrays are connected in series. Each magnetic tunnel junction includes a storage layer having a storage magnetization and a sense layer having a sense magnetization. Each magnetic tunnel junction is configured such that the sense magnetization and impedance of each magnetic tunnel junction vary in response to an external magnetic field. The parameter of each circuit varies based on a combined impedance of the multiple magnetic tunnel junctions. The module is implemented in at least one of a memory or a processing device.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a circuit including multiple magnetic tunnel junctions, the circuit configured to convert a quadrature modulated magnetic field to a quadrature modulated electrical signal, each magnetic tunnel junction including a storage layer having a storage magnetization and a sense layer having a sense magnetization, each magnetic tunnel junction being configured such that the sense magnetization and impedance of each magnetic tunnel junction vary in response to the quadrature modulated magnetic field. The apparatus further includes a module configured to demodulate the quadrature modulated electrical signal to recover a signal encoded in the quadrature modulated magnetic field.

Abstract: A robust wireless communications network is deployed by retrofitting spatially distributed light sockets with integrated light/communicator modules. Each light/communicator module comprises an electric lamp and a communicator unit, the communicator unit having an RF transceiver, an antenna, and a Broadband processor for communicating with other nodes in the wireless communication network, using a suitable mesh network protocol. A power conversion unit is optionally provided in each integrated light/communicator module so that the individual components of the module may operate on the standard light socket power or selectably from other power sources.

Abstract: A circuit includes a magnetic logic unit including input terminals, output terminals, a field line, and magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). The field line electrically connects a first and a second input terminal, and is configured to generate a magnetic field based on an input to at least one of the first and the second input terminal. The input is based on an analog input to the circuit. Each MTJ is electrically connected to a first output terminal and a second output terminal, and is configured such that an output of at least one of the first and the second output terminal varies in response to a combined resistance of the MTJs. The resistance of each of the MTJs varies based on the magnetic field. The circuit is configured to generate an analog output based on the output of at least one of the first and the second output terminal.

Abstract: A circuit includes a magnetic logic unit including input terminals, output terminals, a field line, and magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). The field line electrically connects a first and a second input terminal, and is configured to generate a magnetic field based on an input to at least one of the first and the second input terminal. The input is based on a first analog input to the circuit. Each MTJ is electrically connected to a first and a second output terminal, and is configured such that an output of at least one of the first and the second output terminal varies in response to a combined resistance of the MTJs. The resistance of the MTJs varies based on the magnetic field. The circuit is configured to mix the first analog input and a second analog input to generate an analog output based on the output of the second output terminal.