Abstract: An engine and related control system determine an amount of fuel diluting the engine oil in the oil pan. Such information can be used to recommend an oil change and to estimate a fraction of biodiesel in the fuel supplied to the engine. According to one embodiment, actual oil volume in the oil pan is based on a signal from a level sensor in the oil and a theoretical oil volume is determined based on initial oil volume and fuel entering the oil in the oil pan, fuel leaving the oil pan due to evaporation, and oil being consumed in the combustion chamber. Based on the difference between the actual and theoretical oil volumes, a proportion of heavy fuel components or biodiesel can be determined and transmitted to an engine control system.

Abstract: Systems and methods for estimating an efficiency of a catalyst placed in an exhaust path of a combustion engine are disclosed. In one example approach, a method comprises: ageing the catalyst consecutively at different temperatures for definite time periods; measuring the catalyst conversion efficiency after each ageing step; calculating the ageing factor for each step of the ageing procedure and the accumulative value of the ageing factors for all steps of the ageing procedure; estimating catalyst efficiency correlation factors related to the measured catalyst conversion efficiency for each temperature point and for all ageing conditions; determining a correlation between the catalyst efficiency correlation factors and the accumulative value of the ageing factors; and calculating the conversion efficiency of the aged catalyst based on a predetermined correlation between the accumulative ageing factor and the catalyst efficiency correlation factor.

Abstract: Embodiments for determining NH3 slip past a catalyst are provided. In one example, a filtering method for a NOx sensor of an exhaust gas system having an SCR catalytic converter comprises determining NOx concentration upstream of the catalytic converter, measuring NOx concentration downstream of the catalytic converter, modeling NOx conversion, modeling NH3 slip behavior, calculating a NOx error of the NOx modeling, calculating an NH3 error of the NH3 modeling, assigning data of the NOx sensor as NH3 measured values when a ratio of the NOx error to the NH3 error is greater than an upper threshold value, and assigning data of the NOx sensor as NOx measured values when the ratio of the NOx error to the NH3 error is smaller than a lower threshold value. In this way, NOx slip and NH3 slip may be determined from a common sensor.

Abstract: A particulate filter for a vehicle exhaust system includes a primary filter surrounded by a secondary filter and a quenching agent injection nozzle arranged upstream of the primary filter. In a normal mode, exhaust flows through the primary filter, and in a fail-safe mode or a mixed mode, at least some exhaust flows through the secondary filter and quenching agent is injected via the nozzle to cool the primary filter. The fail-safe or mixed modes may be enacted during an overload of the primary filter, for example. If engine shutdown is initiated during regeneration of the primary filter, a rate of quenching agent injection may be adjusted so that the regeneration may be completed at a safe temperature.

Abstract: A method and an engine are disclosed for determining an amount of fuel in the engine oil. Such information can be used to recommend an oil change and to estimate a fraction of biodiesel in the fuel supplied to the engine. According to one embodiment, actual oil volume in the oil pan is based on a signal from a level sensor in the oil and a theoretical oil volume is determined based on initial oil volume and fuel entering the oil in the oil pan, fuel leaving the oil pan due to evaporation, and oil being consumed in the combustion chamber. Based on the difference between the actual and theoretical oil volumes, a proportion of biodiesel can be determined and transmitted to an engine control system.

Abstract: Embodiments of a particle sensor are provided. In one example, a particle sensor for an exhaust system comprises at least two inlet openings for an exhaust-gas flow of the exhaust system, wherein the inlet openings are of different sizes, and at least two sensor elements, wherein in each case one sensor element is arranged downstream of one inlet opening. In this way, the relative proportion of different-sized particles within the exhaust-gas flow may be determined.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a regulated emissions concentration C, in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine is provided. The method comprises directing the exhaust gas through an exhaust-gas turbocharger, directing at least a portion of the exhaust gas through an exhaust-gas recirculation system, measuring an air ratio ?meas in the exhaust gas with a lambda probe, measuring a rotational speed nT of the exhaust-gas turbocharger with a sensor, and determining the regulated emission concentration Ci based on the air ratio ?meas and the rotational speed nT. In this way, the emission concentration of the exhaust may be determined as a function of the rotational speed of the turbine.

Abstract: A method for adapting a kinetic model of a SCR is described. In one example, the kinetic model is adapted for stored ammonia, ammonia release rate, and ammonia storage capacity. The method may be useful for adjusting engine control parameters for the purpose of reducing engine emissions.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling an engine is described. In one example, an actuator is adjusted to reduce the possibility of degradation of an engine component. The method may provide increase engine component operational life so as to improve engine emissions during the life cycle of the engine.

Abstract: A system and method for determining ammonia deposition and controlling an engine is described. In one example, an amount of ammonia deposited in an engine exhaust is determined and the deposited ammonia is purged after the amount of ammonia deposited reaches a threshold level. The method may decrease ammonia use and ammonia emissions from a vehicle.

Abstract: A method for adapting a lean NOx trap (LNT) in an exhaust system of a motor vehicle is provided. The method comprises if a difference between an estimated NOx concentration and a measured NOx concentration in exhaust downstream of the LNT is greater than a threshold, calculating an adaptation value, the estimated NOx concentration downstream of the LNT based on a kinetic model, and adapting the kinetic model, adjusting one or more operating parameters of the LNT, and indicating an aging state of the LNT based on the adaptation value. In this way, the model may be updated in real time to produce a robust prediction of LNT function.

Abstract: An exhaust system for an internal combustion engine is provided. The engine comprises an exhaust line, at least one exhaust gas aftertreatment device arranged in the exhaust line, and a heat source and a heat sink arranged in separate branches of the exhaust line upstream of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device, an exhaust gas flow rate through each respective separate exhaust branch controlled by at least one flow control device. In this way, the temperature of the exhaust entering the aftertreatment device may be controlled by an amount of exhaust that flows through each branch of the exhaust line.

Abstract: A method for controlling an exhaust gas aftertreatment device of a vehicle hybrid drive is provided. The method comprises operating the hybrid drive only by a combustion engine, only by a non-combustion motor, or by both, as a function of a temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment device, and conducting exhaust gas of the hybrid drive at least partially through the exhaust aftertreatment device, the engine and motor each providing output to power the vehicle. In this way, the aftertreatment device may be operated at an optimal temperature for conversion performance.

Abstract: A method for adapting a thermal model of a catalyst is provided. The method comprises adjusting an amount of exhaust gas reductant upstream of the catalyst based on a thermal model of the catalyst, the thermal model including heat input from exothermic catalyst reactions, an amount of the exothermic heat input adjusted responsive to an estimated temperature from the thermal model and a measured temperature downstream of the catalyst. In this way, a thermal model for catalyst activity and catalyst operating parameters may be adjusted to ensure optimal catalyst function.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for providing exhaust-gas recirculation in an internal combustion engine that has an exhaust-gas turbocharger. The exhaust gas to be recirculated is collected from the exhaust line downstream of a turbine of the turbocharger, passed through a condensate separator, and supplied into the intake line upstream of the compressor. The condensate is filtered, collected in a reservoir, and pumped to an injection device coupled to the engine intake at a location downstream of the compressor.

Abstract: A device for estimating the loading state of a NOx storage catalytic converter. The device includes a module for determining the oxygen concentration difference between an oxygen concentration present in the exhaust gas upstream of the NOX storage catalytic converter and an oxygen concentration present in the exhaust gas downstream of the NOX storage catalytic converter, and a controller for estimating the loading state of the NOX storage catalytic converter on the basis of said oxygen concentration difference.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for providing exhaust-gas recirculation in an internal combustion engine that has an exhaust-gas turbocharger. The exhaust gas to be recirculated is collected from the exhaust line downstream of a turbine of the turbocharger, passed through a condensate separator, and supplied into the intake line upstream of the compressor. The condensate is filtered, collected in a reservoir, and pumped to an injection device coupled to the engine intake at a location downstream of the compressor.

Abstract: A method and an engine are disclosed for determining an amount of fuel in the engine oil. Such information can be used to recommend an oil change and to estimate a fraction of biodiesel in the fuel supplied to the engine. According to one embodiment, actual oil volume in the oil pan is based on a signal from a level sensor in the oil and a theoretical oil volume is determined based on initial oil volume and fuel entering the oil in the oil pan, fuel leaving the oil pan due to evaporation, and oil being consumed in the combustion chamber. Based on the difference between the actual and theoretical oil volumes, a proportion of biodiesel can be determined and transmitted to an engine control system.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a system and method for identifying whether a difference between measured lambda and computed lambda, based on mass air flow and mass fuel flow, is due to a drift in fuel metering or a drift in air metering. The determination is based on also measuring exhaust gas NOx using a NOx sensor. By comparing the measured NOx to modeled NOx, drift can be attributed appropriately to the air flow measurement and/or the fuel flow measurement. Appropriate correction in the calibration can be undertaken to overcome sensor drift and/or drift in the fuel injector/fuel system flow characteristics.

Abstract: The invention relates to an exhaust gas purification system (1) for exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine, in particular from a diesel engine, said system being arranged in an exhaust tract (2) which has a primary exhaust gas treatment system (22) and an inlet line (3) with a metering device (19). In order to achieve higher efficiency in nitrogen conversion, it is proposed that the inlet line (3) together with the metering device (19) be arranged downstream of the exhaust gas treatment system (22) and that the inlet line (3) be divided downstream by the metering device (19) into two catalyst lines (13) which lead the exhaust gas stream from the internal combustion engine in each case to a catalyst element (6, 7), the exhaust gas stream being steerable into the first catalyst element (6) or the second catalyst element (7) by means of a control valve (14).