Abstract: A vehicular air intake is configured to produce a turbulent intake air flow in a cylinder of an engine. The air flow may be provided as a vortex. A throttle valve, for controlling an amount of intake air provided to the engine, has a pivot shaft with an axis which is offset from a center axis of an air intake passage in which the throttle valve is installed, and a throttle plate affixed to the pivot shaft. The pivot axis is offset and spaced away from the central axis of the throttle body such that a first portion of a throttle plate disposed on a first side of the pivot shaft, is larger than a second portion of the throttle plate disposed on a second side of the pivot shaft. This arrangement provides the non-uniform turbulent air flow into the engine.

Abstract: A vehicular air intake is configured to produce a turbulent intake air flow in a cylinder of an engine. The air flow may be provided as a vortex. A throttle valve, for controlling an amount of intake air provided to the engine, has a pivot shaft with an axis which is offset from a center axis of an air intake passage in which the throttle valve is installed, and a throttle plate affixed to the pivot shaft. The pivot axis is offset and spaced away from the central axis of the throttle body such that a first portion of a throttle plate disposed on a first side of the pivot shaft, is larger than a second portion of the throttle plate disposed on a second side of the pivot shaft. This arrangement provides the non-uniform turbulent air flow into the engine.

Abstract: A factor estimation apparatus which can appropriately estimate a factor without increase in the cost, the factor estimation apparatus includes a characteristic quantity determination unit which determines the characteristic quantity; a user input unit which accepts an input from a user as data for the characteristic quantity determined by the characteristic quantity determination unit; an apparatus-data input unit to which data is inputted from a data obtaining device as the data for the characteristic quantity determined by the characteristic quantity determination unit; an input source defining unit which previously determines that the data for the characteristic quantity is inputted from which one of the user input unit and the apparatus-data input unit; and an estimation unit which estimates the factor using the data inputted from the input unit determined by the input source defining unit.

Abstract: The trace information acquisition system acquires trace information about a product manufactured through a plurality of stages and includes storage unit that stores event data sets regarding events performed on the product and acquisition unit that acquires trace information from the event data sets stored by the storage unit. The event data set includes object data related to the event, personnel data related to the event, time data related to the event, positional data related to the event, and status data related to the event, and the event data sets stored at the plurality of stages have a common data format.

Abstract: Reference data for automatically inspecting shapes of fillets formed on a substrate are set to an inspection device that illuminates the substrate from specified directions to generate an image. For each type of components mounted to the substrate, a database is prepared, registering sets of reference data corresponding to different fillet shapes in correlation with heights of solder for forming fillets having these shapes. After components to be an object of inspection are identified, specified steps are carried out on each of these components, including the step of obtaining data on the height of solder for forming the fillet related to a land for which a target area for inspection has been set and reading out reference data corresponding to the data obtained from the reference data registered in the database.

Abstract: There is provided an information processing apparatus that allows a user to understand what kinds of causes are accumulated stepwise in what kind of order to cause abnormality and due to what kinds of reasons respective causes occur from direct causes of the respective causes.

Abstract: Reference data for automatically inspecting shapes of fillets formed on a substrate are set to an inspection device that illuminates the substrate from specified directions to generate an image. For each type of components mounted to the substrate, a database is prepared, registering sets of reference data corresponding to different fillet shapes in correlation with heights of solder for forming fillets having these shapes. After components to be an object of inspection are identified, specified steps are carried out on each of these components, including the step of obtaining data on the height of solder for forming the fillet related to a land for which a target area for inspection has been set and reading out reference data corresponding to the data obtained from the reference data registered in the database.

Abstract: A factor estimation apparatus which can appropriately estimate a factor without increase in the cost, the factor estimation apparatus includes a characteristic quantity determination unit which determines the characteristic quantity; a user input unit which accepts an input from a user as data for the characteristic quantity determined by the characteristic quantity determination unit; an apparatus-data input unit to which data is inputted from a data obtaining device as the data for the characteristic quantity determined by the characteristic quantity determination unit; an input source defining unit which previously determines that the data for the characteristic quantity is inputted from which one of the user input unit and the apparatus-data input unit; and an estimation unit which estimates the factor using the data inputted from the input unit determined by the input source defining unit.

Abstract: There is provided an information processing apparatus that allows a user to understand what kinds of causes are accumulated stepwise in what kind of order to cause abnormality and due to what kinds of reasons respective causes occur from direct causes of the respective causes.