Abstract: Characteristic X-rays (soft X-rays) from a sample are detected using a spectroscope to thereby generate a plurality of intensity spectrums arranged in order of time sequence. A contour map creation unit creates a contour map by converting, in accordance with a color conversion condition, the plurality of intensity spectrums into a plurality of one-dimensional maps, and arranging the plurality of one-dimensional maps in order of time sequence. When displaying the contour map, a waveform array and a difference contour map may also be displayed. Based on the contour map, a timepoint at which a state change occurs in the sample is determined.

Abstract: Characteristic X-rays (soft X-rays) from a sample are detected using a spectroscope to thereby generate a plurality of intensity spectrums arranged in order of time sequence. A contour map creation unit creates a contour map by converting, in accordance with a color conversion condition, the plurality of intensity spectrums into a plurality of one-dimensional maps, and arranging the plurality of one-dimensional maps in order of time sequence. When displaying the contour map, a waveform array and a difference contour map may also be displayed. Based on the contour map, a timepoint at which a state change occurs in the sample is determined.

Abstract: A modified fluorocarbon resin composition and a modified molded product of fluorocarbon resin composition having an excellent abrasion resistivity and low friction property under high pressure, are provided. The modified fluorocarbon resin composition comprises a blend of fluorocarbon resin and aromatic engineering plastic, which is modified by irradiation of ionizing radiation.

Abstract: A modified fluorocarbon resin composition and a modified molded product of fluorocarbon resin composition having an excellent abrasion resistivity and low friction property under high pressure, are provided. The modified fluorocarbon resin composition comprises a blend of fluorocarbon resin and aromatic engineering plastic, which is modified by irradiation of ionizing radiation.

Abstract: A seal ring (10) of the present invention seals operating oil hermetically and is attached to an annular seal ring groove (16) provided on an outer circumference of a shaft member (12). The seal ring (10) includes fluororesin, modified fluororesin formed by being irradiated with an ionizing radiation in a range from 1 kGy to 10 MGy inclusive in a state of being heated up to a melting point thereof or higher under an inert gas atmosphere with an oxygen partial pressure of 1.33 kPa or less, and synthetic resin having a surface energy ranging from +0 N/cm to 20˜10?5 N/cm inclusive of that of the operating oil.

Abstract: Unmodified fluororesin, modified fluororesin and mica are mixed to provide a modified fluororesin composition. The modified fluororesin composition is molded into a molded article having a predetermined shape. The modified fluororesin composition and the modified fluororesin composition molded article have excellent abrasion resistance in the water and hold original good properties of the fluororesin.

Abstract: A modified fluoropolymer composition according to the present invention is formed by mixing non-modified fluoropolymer, modified fluoropolymer, and polyamide in which a total amount of the modified fluoropolymer and the polyamide is 5 to 50 volume percent of a total amount of the non-modified fluoropolymer, the modified fluoropolymer, and the polyamide; and a volume ratio of the polyamide to the modified fluoropolymer is 0.1 to 2.

Abstract: A high-water-repellency and high-slidability coating member according to the present invention comprises a base material and a silica coating film made of silica and silane hybrid modified fluororesin, wherein the silica coating film is applied to a surface of the base material.

Abstract: A sliding member used in a chain system of an automotive internal combustion engine and made of a resin composition. The resin composition includes a matrix resin which is a thermoplastic resin having a number average molecular weight of not less than 20000; and a fluororesin in an amount ranging from 5 to 40% by mass based on a total amount of the resin composition, the fluororesin having a surface energy ranging from 200 to 400 ?N/cm and a visible light transmittance of not less than 10% at a wavelength of 600 nm.

Abstract: A seal ring (10) of the present invention seals operating oil hermetically and is attached to an annular seal ring groove (16) provided on an outer circumference of a shaft member (12). The seal ring (10) includes fluororesin, modified fluororesin formed by being irradiated with an ionizing radiation in a range from 1 kGy to 10 MGy inclusive in a state of being heated up to a melting point thereof or higher under an inert gas atmosphere with an oxygen partial pressure of 1.33 kPa or less, and synthetic resin having a surface energy ranging 14 from +0 N/cm to 20 ˜10?5 N/cm inclusive of that of the operating oil.

Abstract: Unmodified fluororesin, modified fluororesin and mica are mixed to provide a modified fluororesin composition. The modified fluororesin composition is molded into a molded article having a predetermined shape. The modified fluororesin composition and the modified fluororesin composition molded article have excellent abrasion resistance in the water and hold original good properties of the fluororesin.

Abstract: A modified fluoroplastic composition contains a first unmodified fluoroplastic prepared by applying ionizing radiation to the fluoroplastic heated at the melting point or a higher temperature under an inert gas atmosphere, a second unmodified fluoroplastic, and a polyamide-imide resin.

Abstract: A modified fluoroplastic composition contains a first unmodified fluoroplastic prepared by applying ionizing radiation to the fluoroplastic heated at the melting point or a higher temperature under an inert gas atmosphere, a second unmodified fluoroplastic, and a polyamide-imide resin.

Abstract: A seal ring seals operating oil hermetically and is attached to an annular seal ring groove provided on an outer circumference of a shaft member. The seal ring comprises fluororesin, metal powder having a hardness equal to or more than that of any of a side surface of the seal ring groove serving as a sliding partner and an inner circumferential surface of a housing engaged relatively rotatable with the outer circumference of the shaft member, and modified fluororesin formed by irradiating an ionizing radiation in a range from 1 kGy to 10 MGy inclusive in a state of being heated up to a melting point thereof or higher under an inert gas atmosphere with an oxygen partial pressure of 1.33 kPa or less.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a sealed battery that is able to keep productivity as high as possible while suppressing cracking incident to welding using an energy beam, such as a laser beam. A material such as an aluminum alloy is used for the external casing and the cover plate. The cover plate bas a rib, which is formed on the outer edge of the cover plate, and a flat part. The external casing rim and the outer edge of the cover plate are welded together, the thickness of the external casing at the rim is made small. A closure cap is fit into the external casing. The closure cap and external casing are welded together and the molten part is gradually cooled.

Abstract: A seal ring seals operating oil hermetically and is attached to an annular seal ring groove provided on an outer circumference of a shaft member. The seal ring comprises fluororesin, metal powder having a hardness equal to or more than that of any of a side surface of the seal ring groove serving as a sliding partner and an inner circumferential surface of a housing engaged relatively rotatable with the outer circumference of the shaft member, and modified fluororesin formed by irradiating an ionizing radiation in a range from 1 kGy to 10 MGy inclusive in a state of being heated up to a melting point thereof or higher under an inert gas atmosphere with an oxygen partial pressure of 1.33 kPa or less.

Abstract: This invention provides a patterning method for a transparent electrode capable of preventing heat damages and insulation failure or the like even when a ZnO film is used. An ITO film 3 is formed on a transparent substrate 1 by sputtering and the ZnO film 4 is formed on the ITO film 3 by sputtering. Then, regions to be irradiated of the ITO film 3 and the ZnO film 4 are eliminated and patterned by Nd-YAG laser irradiation.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a sealed battery and a manufacturing method of a sealed battery that suppresses cracking incident to welding using an energy beam, such as a laser beam, when a material such as an aluminum alloy is used for the external casing and the cover plate, with keeping the productivity as high as possible. In order to realize the object, a rib is formed on the cover plate, and the thickness of the external casing at the rim is made small, and the rib and the rim of the external casing are welded together in manufacturing the sealed battery. Then, the closure cap and the external casing are welded together using a laser the energy distribution of which has a flat part in manufacturing the sealed battery to realize the object. In addition, the closure cap and the external casing are welded together while the molten part is gradually cooled in manufacturing the sealed battery to realize the object.

Abstract: A fluororesin heated at a temperature at or above the melting point of the resin is exposed in an inert gas atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of not more than 10 Torr to an ionizing radiation at a radiation dose of 0.1 kGy to 10 MGy to prepare a crosslinked fluororesin. The crosslinked fluororesin is exposed to an ionizing radiation at a radiation dose of 10 kGy to 5 MGy, and is then brought into contact with a functional group-containing organic compound to cause a graft reaction. By virtue of this constitution, a modified fluororesin is provided which has satisfactory mechanical strength and, at the same time, has, imparted thereto, for example, ion-exchange capacity, hydrophilicity, adhesive property, or abrasion resistance.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a sealed battery and a manufacturing method of a sealed battery that suppresses cracking incident to welding using an energy beam, such as a laser beam, when a material such as an aluminum alloy is used for the external casing and the cover plate, with keeping the productivity as high as possible. In order to realize the object, a rib is formed on the cover plate, and the thickness of the external casing at the rim is made small, and the rib and the rim of the external casing are welded together in manufacturing the sealed battery. Then, the closure cap and the external casing are welded together using a laser the energy distribution of which has a flat part in manufacturing the sealed battery to realize the object. In addition, the closure cap and the external casing are welded together while the molten part is gradually cooled in manufacturing the sealed battery to realize the object.