Abstract: [Problem to be Solved] Provided is a polyvinylidene fluoride resin-made porous membrane having excellent hydrophilicity, permeability, and fouling resistance and having suppressed elution of vinyl ether copolymer by using a small amount of vinyl ether copolymer. [Means to Solve the Problem] The porous membrane according to the invention comprises a polyvinylidene fluoride resin as a matrix material and a vinyl ether copolymer, wherein the vinyl ether copolymer is a copolymer of an oxyethylene group-containing vinyl ether monomer and a hydrocarbon group-containing vinyl ether monomer.

Abstract: A method for producing a plant seedling is provided, which is based on microwave radiation in order to efficiently facilitate the plant growth. In the method, microwave radiation is started at any timing during a period ranging from appearance of a first true leaf to a timing provided before appearance of a second true leaf in a growth process of a plant. The radiation time of the microwave may be within 1 hour, and the output of the microwave may be 2 to 25 W per 1 to 20 seedling or seedlings.

Abstract: A method for producing a plant seedling is provided, which is based on microwave radiation in order to efficiently facilitate the plant growth. In the method, microwave radiation is started at any timing during a period ranging from appearance of a first true leaf to a timing provided before appearance of a second true leaf in a growth process of a plant. The radiation time of the microwave may he within 1 hour, and the output of the microwave may be 2 to 25 W per 1 to 20 seedling or seedlings.

Abstract: A multiple sheets feeding detection apparatus, sorter, and method of detecting multiple sheets feeding are provided which can ensure reliable detection of multiple sheets feeding without causing any damage to target objects and can increase the processing capability by high-speed detecting operations. The multiple sheets feeding detection apparatus comprises a passage detector that detects passage of a target object, a management code detector that receives management code information wirelessly sent from an RFID tag of the target object, a controller that determines a carrier state of the target object on the basis of passage information and the management code information, and outputs a multiple feed signal when multiple sheets feeding occurs, and removal portion for removing the target object from carrier portion upon receipt of the multiple feed signal.

Abstract: A multiple sheets feeding detection apparatus, sorter, and method of detecting multiple sheets feeding are provided which can ensure reliable detection of multiple sheets feeding without causing any damage to target objects and can increase the processing capability by high-speed detecting operations. The multiple sheets feeding detection apparatus comprises a passage detector that detects passage of a target object, a management code detector that receives management code information wirelessly sent from an RFID tag of the target object, a controller that determines a carrier state of the target object on the basis of passage information and the management code information, and outputs a multiple feed signal when multiple sheets feeding occurs, and removal portion for removing the target object from carrier portion upon receipt of the multiple feed signal.