Abstract: A disclosed managing apparatus and image forming apparatus management system ensure confidentiality of information in an image forming apparatus while usability is maintained. An image forming apparatus acquires IC card identifying information with an IC card reader. A management server acquires a user ID associated with the acquired IC card identifying information and use limit information concerning use of the image forming apparatus. A process is performed in the image forming apparatus in accordance with the use limit information.

Abstract: A flasher device includes a printed circuit board enclosed in a casing, a B-terminal connected to a battery, an L-terminal connected to a direction indicating lamp, and an E-terminal connected to ground. A fixed contact of a relay section is attached to the L-terminal and a current detecting resistor is connected between the B-terminal and a movable contact of the relay section, so that a main lamp current flows from the battery to the lamp through the B-terminal, the current detecting resistor, the relay contacts and the L-terminal, thus avoiding the flow of main lamp current through copper foils formed on the printed circuit board.

Abstract: A current winding is connected between an electric current source and automotive lamps for generating a magnetomotive force in response to the amount of current flowing therethrough. A voltage winding is connected in parallel with the combination of the current winding and the automotive lamps for generating an opposite magnetomotive force to that of the current winding. A reed switch is disposed adjacent the current and the voltage windings and is energized to close or open by the net magnetomotive force of the two windings. An indicating lamp is operatively related to the reed switch so as to be energized when the net magnetomotive force becomes lower than a predetermined value because of the interruption in operation of at least one of the lamps. A zener diode is further connected in series with the voltage winding in order to enable indication of the interruption when all of the automotive lamps are inoperative.

Abstract: A flasher apparatus for a vehicle which changes the flashing cycle of the lamps when one or more lamps burn out for warning a driver of the malfunction, the flashing cycle being determined by the discharging time of a capacitor which is controlled by a voltage supplied thereto, the vltage being higher than usual, in the event of malfunction.

Abstract: There is provided a monitoring system for an automobile light circuit which monitors the faulty conditions of the light circuit as well as the light failures. The monitoring system comprises a light fault detecting circuit, a supply cable fault detecting citcuit, a monitoring indicator operation control citcuit, an indicator, etc.

Abstract: A central warning apparatus for vehicles which comprises a plurality of sensors mounted to the plurality of portions of vehicle to be inspected, discriminator circuits for discriminating an abnormal state of the sensors, display units connected to the discriminator circuits so as to be effected in response to the abnormal state, an OR-gate circuit connected to the output of respective discriminator circuits, and a main warning unit connected to the OR-gate circuit so as to be effected by an output therefrom for warning that there arises an abnormal state at at least one of portions to be inspected.

Abstract: An improved liquid level detecting and indicating system for vehicles comprising a pair of liquid level detecting elements which are arranged in opposite positions on the detecting level of a liquid in a liquid container installed in a vehicle, whereby when each of the liquid level detecting elements sends a signal indicating that the liquid level has dropped below a reference liquid level, an indicator is brought into operation. In this way, the level of liquid can be accurately detected and indicated without being influenced by the inclination or vibration of a vehicle body.