Abstract: Liquid crystal compositions which comprise as a first component at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the formula (I) and as a second component at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the formula (II), the content of the first component being not less than 30% by weight based on the total weight of the composition 1

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal composition with the characteristics satisfying various properties required for AM-LCD and having a suitable value of &agr;n in compliance with a cell thickness, particularly a negative and absolutely large value of dielectric anisotropy, comprising, as a first component, at least one compound selected from the compounds expressed by the general formula (I), and, as a second component, at least one compound selected from the compounds expressed by the general formulas (II-1) and (II-2): wherein R1 to R6 represent C1 to C10 alkyl; Z1 to Z5 represent a single bond or —CH2CH2—; rings A1 and A2 represent a 1,4-phenylene group or a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, and A liquid crystal display element comprising the composition.

Abstract: A DMA transfer device has stream inputting means for receiving an encoded first stream; first stream storing means for storing the first stream; a main storage unit which stores the stream of said first stream storing means; first DMA transfer executing means,for executing a first DMA transfer from said first stream storing means to said main storage unit; first DMA transfer controlling means for controlling said first DMA transfer executing means on the basis of an amount of data which are stored in said first stream storing means or a free capacity; a processing unit which produces a second stream from the first stream that is read out from said main storage unit, and which writes the second stream into said main storage unit; second stream storing means for storing the second stream of said main storage unit; second DMA transfer executing means for executing a second DMA transfer from said main storage unit to said second stream storing means; and second DMA transfer controlling means for controlli

Abstract: The present invention provides liquid crystalline compounds having a high voltage holding ratio and a low threshold voltage, little variation of these properties with temperature change, high &Dgr;n, and good compatibility with other liquid crystal materials particularly under a low temperature; liquid crystal compositions containing these crystalline compounds; and liquid crystal display devices made using these liquid crystal compositions.

Abstract: The compound (1) having 2,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1,4-phenylene is stable chemically and has excellent miscibility with other liquid crystal compounds, large and negative dielectric anisotropy and proper optical anisotropy. A liquid crystal composition comprising the compound has large specific resistance and a large voltage holding ratio, and that the composition is useful for a liquid crystal display element.

Abstract: The invention is to provide liquid crystalline compounds having a negative and extremely large dielectric anisotropy value and a small optical anisotropy value at the same time; liquid crystal compositions comprising the compound; and liquid crystal display devices fabricated by using the liquid crystal composition; the liquid crystalline compounds have 2,3-dihalogenophenylene moiety and are expressed by formula (1) wherein Ra and Rb each independently represents a linear or branched alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon, any methylene in the alkyl may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —CH═CH—, or —C≡C—, but —O— is not successive, and any hydrogen in the alkyl may be replaced by halogen; rings A1 to A4 each independently represents trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, cyclohexene-1,4-diyl, pyridine-1,4-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, or 1,4-phenylene, wherein at least one hydrogen in these rings may be replaced by halogen, and any nonadjacent methylene in c

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystalline compound having a difluoropropyleneoxy group as a bonding group, which is represented by Formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 each independently represent hydrogen, halogen, a cyano group or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; rings A1 to A5 each independently represent a 1,4-cyclohexylene group, a 1,4-cyclohexenylene group or a 1,4-phenylene group; Z1 to Z4 each independently represent a single bond, —CH2CH2—, —CH2O—, —OCH2—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —CF2O— or —OCF2—; Y1, Y2, Y3 and Y4 each independently represent hydrogen or fluorine; and k, l, m and n each independently represent 0 or 1. This liquid crystalline compound has a large absolute value (|&Dgr;&egr;|) of a dielectric anisotropy and shows a relatively small refractive anisotropy.

Abstract: Liquid crystal compositions having broad nematic phase range, low viscosity, low threshold voltage and large pre-tilt angle, while meeting the general properties required for AM-LCD. They comprise at least one of the compounds of the formulas (I-1) to (I-3), at least one of the compounds of the formulas (II-1) to (II-4), at least one of the compounds of the formulas (III-1) and (III-2), at least one of the compounds of the formulas (IV-1) to (IV-3), and optionally at least one of the compounds of the formulas (V-1) and (V-2).

Abstract: Liquid crystalline compounds are disclosed which have large dielectric anisotropy and relatively low viscosity, and which are represented by formula (1) wherein R1 represents hydrogen or C1-C15 alkyl in which one or more non-adjacent methylene may be replaced by oxygen, sulfur or —CH═CH— and one or more hydrogen may be replaced by halogen; R2 represents hydrogen, cyano, halogen or C1-C15 alkyl in which one or more non-adjacent methylene may be replaced by oxygen, sulfur or —CH═CH— and one or more hydrogen may be replaced by halogen; L represents halogen or hydrogen; A1, A2, A4 and A5 each independently represent trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene, one or more —CH2— in the trans-1,4-cyclohexylene may be replaced by oxygen or sulfur, one or more ═CH— in the 1,4-phenylene may be replaced by nitrogen, and one or more hydrogen in the 1,4-phenylene ring may be replaced by halogen; A3represents trans-1,4-cyclohexylene in which one or mo

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition having a high voltage holding ratio especially at a high temperature region, a wide range of a liquid crystal phase, low viscosity, and properly large &Dgr;n, while satisfying general characteristics required for the liquid crystal composition of the AM-LCD, is presented. The composition comprises at least one compound selected from the group of compounds expressed by formulae (1-1), (1-2) and (1-3) as a first component, and comprises at least one compound selected from the group of compounds expressed by formulae (2-1), (2-2), (2-3), (2-4), (2-5), and (2-6) as a second component.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystalline compound having a high voltage holding ratio which has a very small degree of temperature dependence, a low threshold voltage which has a very small degree of temperature dependence, a high &Dgr;n, and excellent miscibility with other liquid crystal materials at low temperature; a liquid crystal composition; and a liquid crystal display element, and the liquid crystalline compound is a substituted benzene derivative represented by general formula (1), 1

Abstract: A test gas sample containing carbon dioxide 13CO2 as a component gas is introduced into a cell, then the absorbance of light transmitted therethrough at a wavelength suitable for the component gas 13CO2 is determined, and the concentration of the component gas is determined on the basis of a calibration curve prepared through measurement on test gas samples each containing the component gas in a known concentration. Further, the concentration of water vapor contained in the test gas sample is measured, and the concentration of the component gas in the test gas sample is corrected in accordance with the measured water vapor concentration on the basis of a correction curve prepared through measurement on the test gas samples each containing water vapor in a known concentration (FIG. 4). With the spectrometry, the concentration ratio of the component gas can precisely be determined and corrected by measuring the moisture content in the test gas sample.

Abstract: A test gas sample containing carbon dioxide 13CO2 as a component gas is introduced into a cell, then the absorbance of light transmitted therethrough at a wavelength suitable for the component gas 13CO2 is determined, and the concentration of the component gas is determined on the basis of a calibration curve prepared through measurement on test gas samples each containing the component gas in a known concentration. Further, the concentration of water vapor contained in the test gas sample is measured, and the concentration of the component gas in the test gas sample is corrected in accordance with the measured water vapor concentration on the basis of a correction curve prepared through measurement on the test gas samples each containing water vapor in a known concentration (FIG. 4). With the spectrometry, the concentration ratio of the component gas can precisely be determined and corrected by measuring the moisture content in the test gas sample.

Abstract: The present invention provides a difluoromethyl ether derivative which shows various suitable physical properties as a liquid crystal compound, a liquid crystal composition comprising the compound and a liquid crystal display element containing the composition, and also provides a simple and efficient process for producing the difluoromethyl ether derivative.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystalline compound having a difluoropropyleneoxy group as a bonding group, which is represented by Formula (1): 1

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition comprising component I consisting of at least one compound represented by formula (I) and component II consisting at least one compound selected from a group of compounds represented by formulas (II-1) to (II-7): 1

Abstract: Liquid crystalline compounds are disclosed which have large dielectric anisotropy and relatively low viscosity, and which are represented by formula (1) 1

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition which has particularly a high upper limit temperature of a nematic phase, a low lower limit temperature of the nematic phase and a small birefringence while satisfying general characteristics required for the liquid crystal composition for an AM-LCD. Liquid crystal compositions are disclosed which comprise a component I comprising at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formula (I-1) or (I-2) as described in the specification, a component II comprising at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formulas (II-1) to (II-8) as described in the specification and a component III comprising at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formulas (III-1) to (III-5) as described in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal composition comprising a component I comprising at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formula (I) and a component II comprising at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by Formulas (II-1) and (II-2): wherein R1, R3 and R5 each represent independently an alkyl group having C1 to C10 or an alkenyl group having C2 to C10; R2, R4 and R6 each represent independently an alkyl group or alkoxy group having C1 to C10 or an alkenyl-group having C2 to C10; Z1 and Z2 each represent independently a single bond or —CH2CH2—; and rings A1 and A2 each represent independently trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene or 1,4-phenylene in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal composition comprising the compounds represented by the following formulas (I) and (II) wherein each R1 independently represents an alkyl group having 1-10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2-10 carbon atoms; each R2 independently represents an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1-10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2-10 carbon atoms; Z1 and Z2 represent —CH2SiH2—, a single bond or —CH2CH2—, with the proviso that one of Z1 and Z2 represents —CH2SiH2— and the other represents a single bond or —CH2CH2—; A1, A2 and A3 each independently represent a ring including aromatic, alicyclic and heterocyclic groups; m and n are each independently 0 or 1; and Z3 and Z4 each independently represent a single bond, —CH2CH2—, —CF2O— or —OCF2—.