Abstract: A cement admixture of a low environmental load type, capable of reducing hexavalent chromium, having a small slump loss or heat of hydration, hardly neutralized and capable of suppressing autogenous shrinkage to a low level; a cement composition; and cement concrete employing it, are presented.

Abstract: The output (&thgr;2) of a digital adder (13) before being held by a first data holding circuit (14), a first reference value (D1) and a second reference value (D2) are compared, respectively, by a first data comparator (15) and a second data comparator (16), to thereby change one cycle of the output control of the pulse train fout from four cycles (T1-T4) to two cycles (T1-T2) of the reference clock. Further, by comparing the output (&thgr;1) of the first data holding circuit (14) and the first reference value (D1) by a third data comparator (19), the latch timing of the overflow signal is changed from T4 to T1.

Abstract: A cement admixture and a cement composition having a carbonation suppressing effect and a heat-of-hydration suppressing effect are provided. A cement admixture containing one or more non-hydraulic compounds selected from the group consisting of &ggr;-2CaO.SiO2, &agr;-CaO.SiO2 and calcium magnesium silicate, a cement composition containing said admixture, and a carbonation suppressing method by use of said cement admixture or cement composition. According to the present invention, a remarkable carbonation suppressing effect can be obtained particularly when used in portland blast-furnace slag cement. This leads to an effective use of steelmaking slag and the like, and the load of clinker can be reduced, so that a cement composition of a low environmental load type can be attained. Further, this is suitable for cements in conformity with the EN standards, which are used in civil engineering and building industries.

Abstract: A position of an object is controlled based on a distance YS until the object is stopped, a target velocity VS of the object, acceleration time ta for accelerating the object, deceleration time td for decelerating the object, velocity variation &Dgr;Va within the acceleration time, and velocity variation &Dgr;Vd within the deceleration time, and a deceleration-start distance YSd. The distance YSd is a distance from where the object is made to start deceleration. The distance YSd is a sum of an integer part YSdq and a decimal part YSdr of the deceleration-start distance. Thus, management of decimal fractions is performed with respect to a pulse generation unit that outputs an output pulse corresponding to the velocity instruction.

Abstract: The output (&thgr;2) of a digital adder (13) before being held by a first data holding circuit (14), a first reference value (D1) and a second reference value (D2) are compared, respectively, by a first data comparator (15) and a second data comparator (16), to thereby change one cycle of the output control of the pulse train fout from four cycles (T1-T4) to two cycles (T1-T2) of the reference clock. Further, by comparing the output (&thgr;1) of the first data holding circuit (14) and the first reference value (D1) by a third data comparator (19), the latch timing of the overflow signal is changed from T4 to T1.

Abstract: A speed adjustment control method includes determining an amount of variation in speed from a data table corresponding to |command speed−initial speed| and speed adjustment time, determining number of divisions of |command speed−initial speed| by dividing |command speed−initial speed| by the amount of variation in speed, determining number of divisions of the speed adjustment time by subtracting 1 from the number of divisions of |command speed−initial speed|, determining a speed variation interval by dividing the speed adjustment time by the number of divisions of the speed adjustment time, determining a value for speed that is obtained by adding the amount of variation in speed to previously determined speed for each speed variation interval after starting with a speed obtained by adding amount of variation in speed to the initial speed during acceleration, switching over to the command speed on attaining the command speed, and d

Abstract: A position of an object is controlled based on a distance YS until the object is stopped, a target velocity VS of the object, acceleration time ta for accelerating the object, deceleration time td for decelerating the object, velocity variation &Dgr;Va within the acceleration time, and velocity variation &Dgr;Vd within the deceleration time, and a deceleration-start distance YSd. The distance YSd is a distance from where the object is made to start deceleration. The distance YSd is a sum of an integer part YSdq and a decimal part YSdr of the deceleration-start distance. Thus, management of decimal fractions is performed with respect to a pulse generation unit that outputs an output pulse corresponding to the velocity instruction.

Abstract: A cement composition of an environmental impact reducing type, used in the field of civil engineering and construction, which provides initial strength-development equal to that of ordinary Portland cement and which can reduce the clinker calcination amount, is provided. A cement composition containing Portland cement having a 3CaO·SiO2 content of at least 60% and a slowly cooled blast furnace slag powder, wherein the content of the slowly cooled blast furnace slag powder is from 10 to 50 parts per 100 parts of the cement composition.

Abstract: The output (&thgr;2) of a digital adder (13) before being held by a first data holding circuit (14), a first reference value (D1) and a second reference value (D2) are compared, respectively, by a first data comparator (15) and a second data comparator (16), to thereby change one cycle of the output control of the pulse train fout from four cycles (T1-T4) to two cycles (T1-T2) of the reference clock. Further, by comparing the output (&thgr;1) of the first data holding circuit (14) and the first reference value (D1) by a third data comparator (19), the latch timing of the overflow signal is changed from T4 to T1.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing a glass base material for an optical fiber. A material for an optical fiber and a reaction gas are jetted from a burner connected to a material line and a gas line toward a surface of a quartz substrate, in order to deposit a soot-like reaction product on the substrate at a predetermined position to thereby produce a glass base material for an optical fiber. Dry air is introduced into a reaction container in an amount of 4 to 8 times the amount of water vapor that is generated due to flame hydrolysis during the reaction.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a base material for an optical fiber, includes steps of: holding a bar material by a support member; and adjusting to reduce a difference between an axis of the bar material and a rotational axis of the support member. Furthermore, an optical fiber base material grasping apparatus for holding a bar material having an axis, includes: a support member having a center axis, the support member being rotatable around the center axis; and an adjusting mechanism for reducing a difference between the axis of the bar material and the central axis of the support member.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing a glass base material for an optical fiber. A material for an optical fiber and a reaction gas are jetted from a burner connected to a material line and a gas line toward a surface of a quartz substrate, in order to deposit a soot-like reaction product on the substrate at a predetermined position to thereby produce a glass base material for an optical fiber. Dry air is introduced into a reaction container in an amount of 2 to 30 times the amount of water vapor that is generated due to flame hydrolysis during the reaction.

Abstract: In a vehicle having a pair of right and left front wheels and a pair of right and left rear wheels, when the front wheels are driven wheels, a differential limiting mechanism such as a multi-disc viscous clutch is arranged between axle members coupled to axles of the front wheels via universal joints, or when the rear wheels are driven wheels, the differential limiting mechanism is arranged between axles of the rear wheels. The differential limiting force of the differential limiting mechanism is controlled on the basis of various physical quantities (a steering angle .theta.h, a vehicle speed V, a brake hydraulic pressure P, a vertical acceleration G, and a road-surface .mu.) associated with the traveling state of the vehicle detected by sensors. Therefore, there can be provided a driven wheel differential limiting apparatus for a vehicle, which has high reliability and durability since the differential limiting force is controlled via, e.g.

Abstract: A speed change control method for a vehicular automatic transmission, in which the transmission stage position of the automatic transmission having a plurality of transmission stages is changed to an optimum transmission stage set by fuzzy inference on the basis of parameter values indicative of the operating conditions of a vehicle. If a failure of any of sensors for detecting the parameter values concerned in the fuzzy inference is detected, setting the optimum transmission stage by the fuzzy inference is inhibited, and the optimum transmission stage is set in a speed change control mode which is not dependent upon the broken sensor. Thus, even in case of failure of a sensor, the vehicle can be driven without hindrance and without discomfort to a driver or fellow passengers.

Abstract: Shift control system and method are provided for use in a vehicle automatic transmission in which a desired speed range is achieved in accordance with the state of driving of a vehicle. The degree of meandering of a running road on which the vehicle is running is detected. The downhill grade of the running road is also detected. Based on the detection results, it is determined whether or not the running road is a meandering downhill road. When it is determined that the vehicle is running on the meandering downhill road, it is then determined whether or not a downshift is needed. When the downshift has been determined to be necessary, the speed range of the vehicle automatic transmission is shifted from a current speed range to a speed range lower than the current speed range.

Abstract: This invention relates to a shift control system and method for a vehicle automatic transmission, in which control of a downshift on a downhill road is performed by fuzzy inference. When a vehicle has been determined to be running on a downhill road by a driving state determining device, a speed range setting device sets as an optimal speed range a speed range lower than a current speed range. In the automatic transmission, the state of engagement of a desired engaging element is changed over to achieve the optimal speed range. When the vehicle has been determined to be running on the downhill road by the driving state determining device so that the speed range lower than the current speed range has been set as the optimal speed range and also when no change has been determined in engine load by an engine load detecting device, an engagement state control device reduces engaging force to be produced upon changing over the state of engagement of a desired engaging element for achieving the optimal speed range.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory comprises a memory cell array including a plurality of digit lines, a plurality of word lines, a plurality of memory cells located at intersections between the digit lines and the word lines, and a column selection circuit for selecting one digit line from the digit lines in accordance with a selection signal. A sense amplifier includes a first P-MOS transistor for precharging a digit line selected by the column selection circuit, an inverting amplifier having an input connected to receive a signal on the selected digit line, and a second P-MOS transistor having a gate and a drain connected to an output and an input of the inverting amplifier, respectively. A gate-grounded third P-MOS transistor maintained in a conductive condition is connected at its source to a voltage supply voltage and at its drain connected to a source of the P-MOS second transistor.

Abstract: A speed change control method for a vehicular automatic transmission, in which the transmission stage position of the automatic transmission having a plurality of transmission stages is changed to an optimum transmission stage set by fuzzy inference on the basis of parameter values indicative of the operating conditions of a vehicle. If a failure of any of sensors for detecting the parameter values concerned in the fuzzy inference is detected, setting the optimum transmission stage by the fuzzy inference is inhibited, and the optimum transmission stage is set in a speed change control mode which is not dependent upon the broken sensor. Thus, even in case of failure of a sensor, the vehicle can be driven without hindrance and without discomfort to a driver or fellow passengers.

Abstract: Memory cells in the semiconductor memory section are supplied with a current from an N-channel transistor which is one of the components forming a current-mirror circuit through a column selector and also supplied with a current from another current passage formed by N-channel transistors connected in series between a power supply source and the column selector. The N-channel transistor is turned on for a predetermined short period of time in response to an externally supplied pulse only at the start of accessing to the memory cell. Thus, a parasitic capacitor coupled to a column line is charged quickly through two different current passages, whereby the time for accessing read-only memory cells is effectively shortened.

Abstract: A current transformer detects a ground fault current and outputs a secondary current signal to heat a filament disposed in an airtight flash lamp upon the occurrence of a ground fault. With heating of the filament, an ignition material is ignited in the lamp and causes weakening of the glass bulb of the lamp. A moving member pressing against the lamp shatters the weakened lamp and is displaced, thus releasing an indicator to project from a holder to a ground fault indicating position.