Abstract: A converter for a polar-axis telescope includes an optical system which varies one of the field of view, angle of field, and magnification of the polar-axis telescope. A movable lens barrel is provided which holds the optical system such that the optical system can be moved into or out of the optical path of the polar-axis telescope. The converter may be detachably attached to a front end of the polar-axis telescope, or may be built into the polar-axis telescope. The converter lens system has a negative power and includes a negative lens group and a positive lens group.

Abstract: A wedge prism unit is positioned on the optical axes of the objective optical systems of two telescope systems of a binocular. The wedge prism unit includes a front wedge prism element and a rear wedge prism element that are oppositely oriented. When rotated by equal amounts in opposite directions, the wedge prism elements deflect incident light in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis. The wedge prism unit is placed along the objective optical axes of the binocular, oriented to deflect the visual field to compensate for vibration. A control circuit controls a single motor according to a vibration sensor to deflect the visual field in a direction opposite to the vibration. The rotation axis is either within or outside of an imaginary plane containing both of the optical axes.

Abstract: An analytical system capable of analyzing data by means of an analytical machine or tool and providing that analytical data to a computer for processing is provided. A protocol conversion radio machine is provided corresponding to each analytical machine and tool to be controlled and data can be communicated in a wireless manner between the analytical machine and tool and a plurality of computers. The protocol conversion radio machines cannot only mutually communicate with the plurality of computers but also can give and receive control signals to assist in the accumulation and transmission of analytical data between the computers and the analytical machines and tools.

Abstract: A new process for preparing a tobacco flavoring formulation is provided. In this process, tobacco leaves are extracted with cold water 0.degree.-10.degree. C. in a quantity at most five times as much as the amount thereof, an extracted liquid obtained by solid-liquid separation is concentrated at a temperature of 30.degree.-50.degree. C. to a solute concentration of 25-35%, and the thus obtained concentrated extract is compounded with a polyvalent alcohol into said formulation.