Abstract: To provide an ink composition capable of forming a metallic material which is excellent in adhesion to a substrate and free from ion migration. An ink composition having fine metallic copper particles and/or fine copper hydride particles, and fine silver oxide particles or fine metallic silver particles, dispersed in a water-insoluble organic liquid, which composition has a solid content concentration of from 10 to 80 mass % and contains from 5 to 90 parts by mass of the fine metallic copper particles and/or fine copper hydride particles, and from 10 to 95 parts by mass of the fine silver oxide particles or fine metallic silver particles, per 100 parts by mass of the total solid content in the ink composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a metallic oxide film which exhibits a high hardness and is good in terms of the transparency, and which exhibits a hydrophilic property, a defogging and dirtproof property and a self-cleaning property over a long period of time, a production process for the same, and a hydrophilic mirror comprising this hydrophilic metallic oxide film. The present invention is characterized in that the superficial shapes of a metallic oxide film formed on a substrate surface is such that the superficial shapes of the metallic oxide film are such that an arithmetic average roughness Ra is 4-8 nm, a maximum roughness (maximum irregularity difference) Rz is 40-70 nm, a 10-point average roughness RzJIS is 20-60 nm, and pitches between irregularities are 10-300 nm, the Ra, Rz, RzJIS and pitches measured by an atomic force microscope. The metallic oxide film of such superficial shapes is useful as a hydrophilic mirror, and can be used appropriately as automotive outer mirrors.

Abstract: It is to provide fine particles of copper, nickel or palladium hydride having an average particle diameter of at most 50 nm, which are hardly oxidized in the atmosphere and are excellent in storage stability and are thereby very suitable for formation of metallic materials, and their production process. Further, it is to provide a dispersion containing fine particles of copper, nickel or palladium hydride, which is excellent in storage stability, and a metallic material obtained by applying the dispersion, followed by baking. The fine particles of copper, nickel or palladium hydride and the dispersion thereof, to be obtained by the present invention, are applicable to various applications, and they can be used for e.g. formation and repair of printed wiring, etc. employing a dispersion, interlayer wiring in semiconductor packages, and joining of printed wiring boards and electronic components.

Abstract: To provide a dispersion which is excellent in oxidation resistance and dispersion stability, and which contains metal fine particles capable of forming a metal film excellent in conductivity; a process for producing it; and an article having a metal film excellent in conductivity. A process for producing a dispersion of metal fine particles, which comprises heating a dispersion of metal hydride fine particles, comprising a dispersion medium, metal hydride fine particles dispersed in the medium and having an average particle size of at most 50 nm, and an organic compound with from 4 to 1000 carbon atoms, having an amino group, in an inert atmosphere at a temperature of from 60 to 350° C.; a dispersion containing metal fine particles, obtained by such a process; and an article having a metal film formed by applying the dispersion containing metal fine particles on a substrate and firing it.

Abstract: To provide an ink composition capable of forming a metallic material which is excellent in adhesion to a substrate and free from ion migration. An ink composition having fine metallic copper particles and/or fine copper hydride particles, and fine silver oxide particles or fine metallic silver particles, dispersed in a water-insoluble organic liquid, which composition has a solid content concentration of from 10 to 80 mass % and contains from 5 to 90 parts by mass of the fine metallic copper particles and/or fine copper hydride particles, and from 10 to 95 parts by mass of the fine silver oxide particles or fine metallic silver particles, per 100 parts by mass of the total solid content in the ink composition.

Abstract: To provide metal-containing fine particles having good dispersion stability, which have their surface coated with dispersants vaporizable even during firing at low temperatures, a fine particle dispersion having the above metal-containing fine particles dispersed therein, and an electroconductive metal-containing material having an excellent volume resistivity formed by using the fine particle dispersion. Metal-containing fine particles with their surface coated with at least two dispersants having different vaporization temperatures.

Abstract: To provide metal-containing fine particles having good dispersion stability, which have their surface coated with dispersants vaporizable even during firing at low temperatures, a fine particle dispersion having the above metal-containing fine particles dispersed therein, and an electroconductive metal-containing material having an excellent volume resistivity formed by using the fine particle dispersion. Metal-containing fine particles with their surface coated with at least two dispersants having different vaporization temperatures.

Abstract: It is to provide fine particles of copper, nickel or palladium hydride having an average particle diameter of at most 50 nm, which are hardly oxidized in the atmosphere and are excellent in storage stability and are thereby very suitable for formation of metallic materials, and their production process. Further, it is to provide a dispersion containing fine particles of copper, nickel or palladium hydride, which is excellent in storage stability, and a metallic material obtained by applying the dispersion, followed by baking. The fine particles of copper, nickel or palladium hydride and the dispersion thereof, to be obtained by the present invention, are applicable to various applications, and they can be used for e.g. formation and repair of printed wiring, etc. employing a dispersion, interlayer wiring in semiconductor packages, and joining of printed wiring boards and electronic components.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a metallic oxide film which exhibits a high hardness and is good in terms of the transparency, and which exhibits a hydrophilic property, a defogging and dirtproof property and a self-cleaning property over a long period of time, a production process for the same, and a hydrophilic mirror comprising this hydrophilic metallic oxide film. The present invention is characterized in that the superficial shapes of a metallic oxide film formed on a substrate surface is such that the superficial shapes of the metallic oxide film are such that an arithmetic average roughness Ra is 4-8 nm, a maximum roughness (maximum irregularity difference) Rz is 40-70 nm, a 10-point average roughness RzJIS is 20-60 nm, and pitches between irregularities are 10-300 nm, the Ra, Rz, RzJIS and pitches measured by an atomic force microscope. The metallic oxide film of such superficial shapes is useful as a hydrophilic mirror, and can be used appropriately as automotive outer mirrors.

Abstract: A low-reflectance conductive film and a colored low-reflectance conductive film for improving conductivity, suppressing the lowering of conductivity with time, maintaining the reflectance and abrasion resistance, and having a low reflectance function, manufacturing methods thereof, and a substrate provided therewith are provided. The low-reflectance conductive film is made of at least two films, a conductive film containing therein conductive fine particles and a low-refraction film with a lower refractive index than the conductive film, formed on the conductive film, with a resistance-lowering material being contained in the conductive film. A low-reflectance conductive film manufacturing method for forming a low-reflectance conductive film by coating onto a substrate a conductive film forming coating liquid which contains therein conductive fine particles and then coating a low-refraction film forming coating liquid which contains therein a resistance-lowering material.

Abstract: The present invention has an object to provide an integrated circuit device having a Cu wiring, using a barrier layer which facilitates planarization. The present invention relates to an integrated circuit device having a Cu wiring layer, a barrier layer therefor and a dielectric layer, wherein the barrier layer is represented by a compositional formula of TaOxNy (the range of x being 0<x<2.5, and the range of y being 0<y<1). Further, the present invention relates to an integrated circuit device having a Cu wiring layer, a barrier layer therefor and a dielectric layer, wherein the barrier layer is represented by a compositional formula of Ta1−aMaObNc (M being at least one member selected from the group consisting of elements of Groups 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13 and 14 of the long form of the periodic table, the range of a being 0<a<1, the range of b being 0<b<2.5, and the range of c being 0<c<1).

Abstract: A colored film comprising gold, bismuth oxide and an oxide other than bismuth oxide.

Abstract: A coating solution for forming a colored thin film, which contains a metal oxide containing nitrogen.

Abstract: A process for preparing hydrogen fluoride, which comprises (i) reacting calcium fluoride with sulfuric acid to produce a gypsum and a gas containing hydrogen fluoride, (ii) separating hydrogen fluoride from said gas containing hydrogen fluoride, (iii) absorbing said hydrogen fluoride-separated gas with water to obtain an aqueous solution containing hydrogen fluoride and silicofluoric acid, (iv) reacting calcium carbonate with said aqueous solution to obtain a suspension containing silicic acid and calcium fluoride, (v) adding an alkaline substance to said suspension to make pH at least 8, thereby stabilizing the silicic acid as a colloidal solution, (vi) separating a calcium fluoride solid and the colloidal solution of silicic acid from said suspension, and (vii) recycling the separated calcium fluoride as a starting calcium fluoride.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for forming a thin MgF.sub.2 film on a substrate which comprises coating a substrate with a liquid containing an Mg salt and a BF.sub.3 complex salt and subsequently heating the coating, and the method may be used to coat a substrate such as glass plate, optical parts, CRT panel and liquid crystal display panel with a low-reflection film composed of a transparent thin MgF.sub.2 film having a low refractive index and good durability.

Abstract: A polarizable electrode for an electric double layer capacitor, composed of a continuously micro-porous structure of a fluorine-containing polymer resin with a fine carbon powder incorporated therein, wherein said structure includes a numerous fine nodes of the resin and fine fibers of the resin three dimensionally connecting the nodes so that the nodes are partially in contact with or connected to one another, and the fine carbon powder is contained substantially in the nodes.

Abstract: An electric double layer capacitor comprising a casing and polarizable electrodes and an electrolyte solution accommodated in the casing and utilizing an electric double layer formed by the interface of the electrolyte solution and the polarizable electrodes, characterized in that at least the portion of the casing which is in contact with the electrolyte solution at the anode side is made of an alloy steel consisting essentially of from 50 to 75.3% by weight of Fe, from 10.0 to 35.0% by weight of Cr, from 0 to 25.0% by weight of Ni, from 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of Mo and from 0.1 to 2.0% by weight of N.

Abstract: An electric double layer capacitor utilizing an electric double layer formed by the interface of an electrolyte solution and polarizable electrodes, wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a quaternary phosphonium salt of the formula I dissolved in an organic solvent: ##STR1## wherein each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having from 1 to 15 carbon atoms or an aryl group having from 6 to 15 carbon atoms, provided that not all of R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 are hydrogen atoms, and X is BF.sub.4, PF.sub.6 , ClO.sub.4, AsF.sub.6, SbF.sub.6, AlCl.sub.4 or R.sub.f SO.sub.3 wherein R.sub.f is a fluoroalkyl group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An electric double layer capacitor utilizing an electric double layer formed by the interface of an electrolyte solution and polarizable electrodes, wherein the electrolyte solution comprises a solute dissolved in at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of sulfolane and a derivative thereof.