Abstract: A short-arc type high pressure discharge lamp in which durability is improved and a lamp apparatus including the same is provided. Glass material portions 52A into which glass material enters respectively are provided on both sides of an electrode axis 5402 between the outer circumferential surface 5406 thereof and a curved portion 58 of a sealed metal foil 56, and a gap S3 being continuous with a sealed space 60 remains among the glass material portion 52A, the outer circumferential portion 5406 of the electrode axis 5402, and the curved portion 58. An angle formed by a surface 52-1 of the glass material portion 52A facing the gap S3 and the curved portion 58 is an obtuse angle ?. In other words, an angle formed by the surface 52-1 of the glass material portion 52A facing the gap S3 and a surface 5602 of the curved portion 58 of the sealed metal foil 56 is the obtuse angle ?.

Abstract: A short-arc type high pressure discharge lamp in which durability is improved and a lamp apparatus including the same is provided. Glass material portions 52A into which glass material enters respectively are provided on both sides of an electrode axis 5402 between the outer circumferential surface 5406 thereof and a curved portion 58 of a sealed metal foil 56, and a gap S3 being continuous with a sealed space 60 remains among the glass material portion 52A, the outer circumferential portion 5406 of the electrode axis 5402, and the curved portion 58. An angle formed by a surface 52-1 of the glass material portion 52A facing the gap S3 and the curved portion 58 is an obtuse angle ?. In other words, an angle formed by the surface 52-1 of the glass material portion 52A facing the gap S3 and a surface 5602 of the curved portion 58 of the sealed metal foil 56 is the obtuse angle ?.

Abstract: A damper device of a clutch has an annular driven member comprising a pair of disk members, a hub disposed in an annular space formed in the driven member, damper springs disposed between the driven member and the hub, and stopper pins, each secured to the driven member at both end portions thereof. The stopper pin comprises a pin body and a cylindrical collar mounted on the pin body. The pin body is made of soft steel and the collar is made of steel harder than the pin body and disposed to be abutted against the hub.

Abstract: A control system for a four-wheel drive vehicle having a continuously variable transmission, and a fluid operated transfer clutch for transmitting the output of the transmission to auxiliary drive wheels is disclosed. A transfer control valve is provided for changing the amount of oil supplied to the transfer clutch to selectively engage the clutch, and a three-way solenoid operated control valve is provided for controlling oil supplied to the transfer control. The solenoid operated control valve has a first port communicated with a pump, a second port communicated with the transfer control valve, a drain port, a valve body selectively closing the first port and the drain port. The solenoid operated control valve is operated by a pulse train. The duty ratio of the pulse train is controlled for rendering amount of drain oil from the drain port minimum at the changing the amount of the oil to the transfer clutch between the engagement and disengagement of the clutch.

Abstract: A continuously variable transmission has a torque converter with a lockup clutch. A high pressure oil pump is provided adjacent the transmission and a low pressure oil pump provided adjacent the torque converter. A line pressure control valve is provided for controlling the pressure of oil supplied from the high pressure oil pump to produce a line pressure for operating the transmission. Another control valve is provided for controlling the pressure of oil supplied from the low pressure oil pump and for supplying the controlled oil to the torque converter and the lockup clutch, for operations thereof.

Abstract: A continuously variable transmission has a selector device having a planetary gear device for selecting forward and reverse drives. The planetary gear device has a forward hydraulic chamber and a reverse hydraulic chamber for selectively providing a forward gear train and a reverse gear train. A high pressure oil pump is provided for supplying a transmission actuating oil having a high line pressure, and a low pressure oil pump is provided for supplying an actuating oil having a low actuating pressure. A selector valve is provided for selectively applying the low actuating pressure to the forward or reverse hydraulic chambers. A pressure increasing valve is provided for applying a higher actuating pressure to the reverse hydraulic chamber than the forward hydraulic chamber.

Abstract: A continuously variable transmission has a torque converter with a lockup clutch. A high pressure oil pump is provided adjacent the transmission and a low pressure oil pump is provided adjacent the torque converter. A line pressure control valve is provided for controlling the pressure of oil supplied from the high pressure oil pump to produce a line pressure for operating the transmission. A lockup control valve operated by low pressure oil supplied from the low pressure oil pump is provided for controlling the lockup clutch, and a solenoid operated valve is provided to generate a converter condition pressure for operating the lockup control valve, for operating the lockup clutch. The converter condition pressure is applied to the line pressure control valve so as to increase the line pressure.

Abstract: A control system for a selector mechanism for a vehicle provided with a clutch and a continuously variable transmission having operational ranges such as a driving range and a reverse range. A synchronizer is provided for selecting either of forward and reverse gears. A hydraulic actuator is provided to respond to the operation of a selector lever for operating the synchronizer for the selection of the ranges. A shift switch is provided to produce a shift signal when the synchronizer engages with a selected gear. A control unit is provided to respond to the shift signal to engage the clutch after the engagement of the synchronizer.

Abstract: A control valve has ports and a spool which has lands and an annular groove between the lands. The land has a plurality of hollow portions at a circumferential edge portion adjacent the annular groove so as to gradually increase the opening area of one of the ports.

Abstract: A control system for a motor vehicle provided with a clutch and a continuously variable transmission. The transmission has a line pressure control valve having ports and a spool for controlling the line pressure of oil supplied to a cylinder of a pulley device to change the transmission ratio. When the clutch is disengaged, the line pressure is set to a minimum value sufficient for tensing a belt of the pulley device for preventing the belt from slipping when the clutch is re-engaged.

Abstract: A control system for a selector mechanism for a vehicle provided with a clutch and a continuously variable transmission having operational ranges such as driving range and a reverse range. A synchronizer is provided for selecting either of forward and reverse gears. A hydraulic actuator is provided to respond to the operation of a selector lever for operating the synchronizer for the selection of the ranges. A control unit is provided to respond to the selection of the range for engaging the clutch with a delay time after engagement of the synchronizer.

Abstract: A control system for a motor vehicle provided with a continuously variable transmission. The transmission has a line pressure control valve having ports and a spool for controlling the line pressure of oil supplied to a cylinder of a pulley device of the transmission. When a throttle valve of an engine is rapidly opened, the line pressure is increased so as to prevent a belt of the pulley device from slipping.

Abstract: A control system for an infinitely variable transmission has a line pressure control valve having ports and a spool for controlling the line pressure of oil supplied to a cylinder of a drive pulley to change the transmission ratio. The line pressure control valve has chambers. By controlling the pressure of oil supplied to the chambers in accordance with a desired line pressure, the spool is shifted, so that the line pressure is controlled.

Abstract: A control system for a continuously variable transmission has a line pressure control valve having ports and a spool for controlling the line pressure of oil supplied to a cylinder of a drive pulley. The line pressure control valve has chambers at opposite sides of the spool. A spring is provided between one end of the spool and a slidable spring retainer. By controlling the pressure of oil supplied to the end of the spool and the force of the spring in accordance with engine operating conditions, the line pressure is controlled.

Abstract: A control system for a four-wheel drive vehicle powered by an engine, having a hydraulically operated transfer clutch for transmitting the power of the engine to auxiliary driving wheels. A hydraulic circuit is provided for controlling the transfer clutch, and an electric circuit is provided for controlling the hydraulic circuit. The hydraulic circuit and electric circuit are so arranged that the clutch engaging torque decreases with a decrease of the load on the engine, thereby preventing tight corner braking during sharp cornering.

Abstract: A control system for a continuously variable transmission has a line pressure control valve having ports and a spool for controlling the line pressure of oil supplied to a cylinder of a drive pulley. A hydraulic circuit is provided for supplying oil to a port of the line pressure control valve so as to shift the spool. A pressure reducing valve is provided in the hydraulic circuit for keeping the pressure in the circuit constant and a control valve is provided in the hydraulic circuit so as to control the quantity of the constant pressure oil supplied to the end of the spool.

Abstract: A control system for a continuously variable transmission has a line pressure control valve having ports and a spool for controlling the line pressure of oil supplied to a cylinder of a driven pulley to change the line pressure. The line pressure control valve has chambers at opposite sides of the spool. A spring is provided between one end of the spool and a spring retainer. By draining the oil supplied to the end of the spool in accordance with engine operating conditions, the line pressure is controlled. The line pressure is at a maximum value, when the quantity of the draining oil is at a minimum value.

Abstract: A control system for a continuously variable belt-drive transmission which has a drive pulley having a hydraulically shiftable disc and a servo chamber for shifting the disc, a driven pulley having a hydraulically shiftable disc and a servo chamber for shifting the disc, and a belt engaged with both the pulleys. A hydraulic control circuit is provided for supplying oil to the servo chambers and for draining the servo chambers. A supplementary oil circuit is provided in the hydraulic control circuit for supplying supplementary oil to the servo chamber of the drive pulley, thereby filling the servo chamber with the oil before the starting of transmission operation.

Abstract: A mechanism for the selection of various operational ranges of an infinitely variable belt-drive transmission for a vehicle, the mechanism having a shift lever shiftable along a straight line. The transmission has a drive range and a high engine speed drive range which is provided to downshift the transmission during the drive of the vehicle in the drive range. The mechanism is provided with a cam plate responsive to the operation of the selector lever and having a cam groove for providing the drive range and the high engine speed drive range under the drive range state.

Abstract: A control system for an infinitely variable belt-drive transmission which has a drive pulley having a hydraulically shiftable disc and a servo chamber for shifting the disc, a driven pulley having a hydraulically shiftable disc and a servo chamber for shifting the disc, and a belt engaged with both the pulleys. A hydraulic control circuit is provided for supplying oil to the servo chambers and for draining the servo chambers. A lubricating oil circuit is provided in the hydraulic control circuit for supplying lubricating oil to the drive pulley, and a passage is provided for supplying a part of the lubricating oil to the servo chamber of the drive pulley, thereby filling the servo chamber with the oil before the starting of transmission operation.