Abstract: A ballast retaining structure according to the present invention is a ballast retaining structure in which ballast laid on the roadbed is tamped to thereby retain a track bed extended in an extending direction of the roadbed from a transverse direction thereof, and includes a layered body formed by a plurality of bag-like objects, each being formed in a bag shape and containing the ballast, which are stacked from a toe of slope to a top of slope of the track bed such that each of the bag-like objects is tilted to decline from an outer end portion to an inner end portion thereof.

Abstract: An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus includes: a first reference beam generating unit generating a first reference beam from DAS signals calculated in an N-th frame; a second reference beam generating unit generating a second reference beam from a DAS signal calculated in an (N?1)-th frame, the DAS signal calculated in the N-th frame, and another DAS signal calculated in an (N+1)-th frame; an attenuation coefficient calculating unit calculating, based on the first reference beam and the second reference beam, an attenuation coefficient to be multiplied by the DAS signals calculated in the N-th frame; and a beamforming unit generating and providing a beamformed signal generated for a reference scan line in the N-th frame by multiplying a DAS signal calculated in the N-th frame by the attenuation coefficient.

Abstract: A beamforming method includes: generating a main beam signal by performing, with a focus on a first region, a delay and sum operation on receiving echo signals; generating a sub beam signal which has a low sensitivity to ultrasound signals reflected off the first region; and generating a narrow beam signal by (i) calculating a coefficient for narrowing an angle of the main beam signal, and (ii) multiplying the main beam signal by the coefficient, wherein in the generating of a sub beam signal, the sub beam signal is generated using a differential signal that is a difference between two beam signals each of which is generated by performing a delay and sum operation on the receiving echo signals, with a focus on a corresponding one of two regions of a subject which are different from the first region and are different from each other.

Abstract: A connection jack to which a connection plug having a center terminal and an earth terminal arranged on an outer peripheral side of the center terminal is connected and provided in an electronic apparatus in which a capacitor is disposed inside, includes: a housing made of an insulating material, in which an insertion opening to which the connection plug is inserted is formed; a center electrode to which the center terminal is connected and connected to the capacitor; a first earth electrode arranged on an outer peripheral side of the center electrode, to which the earth terminal is connected, and connected to the capacitor; and a second earth electrode arranged on an outer peripheral side of the center electrode, to which the earth terminal is connected, connected in series to a resistance limiting inrush current and connected to the capacitor through the resistance.

Abstract: A beamforming method according to the present invention is a method of processing echo signals of a target region which are obtained from a probe including a plurality of receiving elements arrayed on a predetermined line. The beamforming method includes the following steps (S1 to S3). At S1, seed beams are formed from echo signals received by at least two receiving elements from among the plurality of receiving elements. At S2, a main beam and sub beams are formed by synthesizing at least one of the seed beams. At S3, a narrow beam for the target region is formed by multiplying the sub beams by respective predetermined coefficients and subtracting the multiplied sub beams from the main beam.

Abstract: First, in a state where a pair of earphones 110 are worn in both ears of a listening person, a measurement signal generated by a measurement signal generating section 101 is outputted from the earphone 110. The signal (wearing-state signal) which is reflected by an eardrum and returns to the earphone 110 is measured, and stored in an analysis section 108. Next, in a state where the pair of earphones 110 are not worn in both ears of the listening person, a signal measured (unwearing-state signal) in the same manner as described above is stored in the analysis section 108. The analysis section 108 calculates an ear-canal correction filter based on a difference between the wearing-state signal and the unwearing-state signal. An ear-canal correction filter processing section 109 convolves a sound source signal with the calculated ear-canal correction filter.

Abstract: A coding apparatus generates coded data by coding inputted data in a predetermined unit basis, maps one or more units of the coded data onto a packet of fixed length and outputs the packet. The coding apparatus includes a storage unit that stores the coded data and outputs the data size of the stored coded data, and a packetization unit that maps the coded data stored in the storage unit onto the packet and outputs the header size assigned to the one or more units of the coded data and the payload size of the packet.

Abstract: A ballast retaining structure according to the present invention is a ballast retaining structure in which ballast laid on the roadbed is tamped to thereby retain a track bed extended in an extending direction of the roadbed from a transverse direction thereof, and includes a layered body formed by a plurality of bag-like objects, each being formed in a bag shape and containing the ballast, which are stacked from a toe of slope to a top of slope of the track bed such that each of the bag-like objects is tilted to decline from an outer end portion to an inner end portion thereof.

Abstract: A wireless ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus (30) including a wireless ultrasonic probe (300) and a diagnostic device (400). The wireless ultrasonic probe (300) includes: a wireless transmission unit (306) which wirelessly transmits echo data (352); and an ultrasound transmission unit (303) which transmits pairing ultrasound (351) including probe information for identifying the wireless ultrasonic probe (300). The diagnostic device (400) includes: an ultrasound reception unit (401) which receives the pairing ultrasound (351); a probe information detection unit (402) which detects the probe information (452) from the pairing ultrasound (351); and a wireless reception unit (406) which determines, using the probe information (452), whether or not received data is the echo data (352) wirelessly transmitted by the wireless ultrasonic probe (300).

Abstract: First, in a state where a pair of earphones 110 are worn in both ears of a listening person, a measurement signal generated by a measurement signal generating section 101 is outputted from the earphone 110. The signal (wearing-state signal) which is reflected by an eardrum and returns to the earphone 110 is measured, and stored in an analysis section 108. Next, in a state where the pair of earphones 110 are not worn in both ears of the listening person, a signal measured (unwearing-state signal) in the same manner as described above is stored in the analysis section 108. The analysis section 108 calculates an ear-canal correction filter based on a difference between the wearing-state signal and the unwearing-state signal. An ear-canal correction filter processing section 109 convolves a sound source signal with the calculated ear-canal correction filter.

Abstract: A sound image control device filters transfer functions H3 and H1 indicating transfer characteristics of a sound from an acoustic transducer (8) to entrances to respective ear canals (1) and (2) as well as filtering transfer functions H4 and H2 from an acoustic transducer (9) to the entrances to the respective ear canals (1) and (2) and generates second transfer functions H6 and H5 indicating transfer characteristics of a sound to the entrances to the respective ear canals (1) and (2) from a target sound source (11) at a location different from the sound sources, the sound image control device being equipped with correction filters (13) and (14) that (i) store characteristic functions E1 and E2 for performing filtering operations on the first transfer functions H1, H2, H3, and H4 and (ii) generate the second transfer functions H5 and H6 from the first transfer functions H1, H2, H3, and H4 using such characteristic functions E1 and E2.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sound image localization apparatus capable of localizing a sound image at an intended sound image location unaffected by the physical feature of the listener. The sound image localization apparatus comprises filter coefficient storage means (4) for storing therein candidates of filter coefficients, filter coefficient selection means (5) for selecting filter coefficients from among the candidates of the filter coefficients stored in the filter coefficient storage means (4), and sound image localization means (6) for performing filter processing to a sound signal on the basis of the filter coefficients selected by the filter coefficient selection means (5) to localize a sound image of a sound reproduced in accordance with the sound signal.

Abstract: The sound image control device filters transfer functions H3 and H1 indicating transfer characteristics of a sound from an acoustic transducer (8) to entrances to respective ear canals (1) and (2) as well as filtering transfer functions H4 and H2 from an acoustic transducer (9) to the entrances to the respective ear canals (1) and (2) and generates second transfer functions H6 and H5 indicating transfer characteristics of a sound to the entrances to the respective ear canals (1) and (2) from a target sound source (11) at a location different from the sound sources, the sound image control device being equipped with correction filters (13) and (14) that (i) store characteristic functions E1 and E2 for performing filtering operations on the first transfer functions H1, H2, H3, and H4 and (ii) generate the second transfer functions H5 and H6 from the first transfer functions H1, H2, H3, and H4 using such characteristic functions E1 and E2.

Abstract: A coding apparatus 100 that generates coded data by coding inputted data in a predetermined unit basis, maps one or more units of the coded data onto a packet of fixed length and output the packet including: a storage unit 103 that stores the coded data and outputs the data size of the stored coded data; a packetization unit 104 that maps the coded data stored in the storage unit 103 onto the packet and outputs the header size assigned to the one or more units of the coded data and the payload size of the packet; a control unit 107 that generates the control information based on the data size of the outputted coded data, the header size and the payload size and outputs the control information; and a coding unit 102 that generates the coded data by calculating an outer candidate value that makes the data size of the coded data to be mapped onto the packet an integral multiple of the payload size of the packet based on the outputted control information and coding the predetermined units of inputted data up to t

Abstract: An automatic document feeder is provided with a reading unit disposed above a platen for reading an original. The reading unit includes a platen roller for transporting the original to the reading unit; a guide device arranged between the platen and the platen roller and formed in a curved original reading path; a pressing device for pressing the guide device against the platen roller; and a regulating device for creating a space between a surface of the platen roller and an upper surface of the platen. When the original is transported between the platen roller and the guide device, the original moves the guide device toward the platen.

Abstract: An automatic document feeder is provided with the first transport device and the second transport device for feeding an original at a reading position to read the original, and a curved reading path disposed between the first transport device and second transport device. The automatic document feeder is also provided with a reading guide unit including the first guide member disposed at an upstream side of the reading position in an original feeding direction for guiding the original to the reading position, the second guide member disposed at a downstream side of the reading position in the original feeding direction for guiding the original from the reading position, a flexible transparent film member extending between the first guide member and the second guide member for forming the reading path. The reading guide unit is detachably and rotatably supported on an apparatus frame of the automatic document feeder.

Abstract: A sound signal encoding apparatus for encoding two different sound signals, comprising: compression level calculating means for calculating a compression level for each of the sound signal sections; compression level judging means for judging whether or not the calculated compression level for each of the sound signal sections exceeds a predetermined threshold compression value; frequency components encoding means for encoding the quantized frequency components for each of the sound signal sections to a multiplexed bit stream with a predetermined bit rate under two different states consisting of the first state in which the frequency components for each of the sound signal sections are compressed by the first frequency components compressing means when the compression level judging means is operative to judge that the compression level for each of the sound signal sections exceeds the predetermined threshold compression value and the second state in which the frequency components for each of the sound signal

Abstract: Herein disclosed is an audio signal encoding apparatus comprises initial maximum scale factor band calculation means for calculating an initial maximum scale factor band for an audio signal inputted therein on the basis of the result made by the frame length determining means and the coded mode information inputted from the coded mode information means with reference to the initial maximum scale factor band information and Signal-to-Mask ratio threshold value information stored in the maximum scale factor band table storage means, and maximum scale factor band calculation means for calculating a maximum scale factor band for the audio signal on the basis of the initial maximum scale factor band calculated by the initial maximum scale factor band calculation means in accordance with the Signal-to-Mask ratio information calculated by the psychoacoustic model analyzing means, thereby making it possible to adaptively calculate the maximum scale factor band for the audio signal in accordance with the coded mode in

Abstract: In an automatic document feeder for use in an image forming device such as copy machine and facsimile machine: a document shunting path for temporarily shunting a document is provided at an upstream side of a document reading portion; in a different-size mixed mode where different sizes of documents are placed in a mixed manner, the leading edge and rear edge of the document are detected by a sensor during conveyance of the document in the direction toward the document reading portion, so that the length of the document is detected; thereafter the document is conveyed in the reverse direction so that the rear edge of the document is shunted into the document shunting path; and thereafter the document is again conveyed in the forward direction to conduct reading. Thus, it becomes unnecessary to provide a longer conveyance path for detecting the length of the documents, so that the size of the feeder itself can be reduced.

Abstract: An automatic document feeder is provided with a reading unit disposed above a platen for reading an original. The reading unit includes a platen roller for transporting the original to the reading unit; a guide device arranged between the platen and the platen roller and formed in a curved original reading path; a pressing device for pressing the guide means against the platen roller; and a regulating device for creating a space between a surface of the platen roller and an upper surface of the platen. When the original is transported between the platen roller and the guide device, the original moves the guide device toward the platen. A transparent film member formed in the curved path is pressed against the fixed platen roller. The transparent film member deforms to pass the original when the original advances into a nip between the platen roller and the transparent film member.