Abstract: An image observation device which is so arranged that a user can look an image in through an ocular window thereof with the device being fitted to the user's head for example, that the image changes in linkage with movement of the user's head, and that unnecessary change of the image is prevented during the observation. The image observation device includes an eye access detector for detecting whether the user's eyes approach thereto or not, and includes, a controller by the operation of which the image changes in linkage with movement of the user's head only if the eye access detector detects that the user's eyes approach thereto, and by the operation of which the image does not change in linkage with movement of the user's head if the eye access detector does not detect that the user's eyes approach thereto.

Abstract: The object is to provide an image viewing system that allows easy image viewing with reduced eyestrain, whether for wide-angle or enlarged viewing. The rotation of the viewer's head is detected by means of piezo-electric vibration gyroscopes 405 and 406, and the coefficient for setting the amount of change in the camera system's image shooting direction with reference to the detected direction is changed in accordance with the focal length of the camera system's zoom lens systems. Moreover, the amount of change in the image shooting direction may be changed manually by means of sensitivity setting lever 213 mounted on HMD 2.

Abstract: In a stereoscopic system including a three-dimensional camera and an HMD, by setting the convergences of the three-dimensional camera and the HMD in accordance with the distance to the object to be shot, a stereoscopically viewable object distance range is increased and a natural stereoscopic image is provided. The three-dimensional camera is provided with a convergence setter which varies the directions of left and right cameras, and the HMD is provided with a convergence setter which varies the directions of left and right virtual image projectors. The distance to the object is detected based on the distance between the left and right images taken by the three-dimensional camera, and the convergence setters of the three-dimensional camera and the HMD are controlled in accordance with the detected distance. The convergence setter of the three-dimensional camera performs focusing, interlocking with the convergence setting.

Abstract: An image taken by a mobile camera is displayed on a head-mounted display provided with an acceleration sensor to detect movement of the observer's head, and the size of the image viewed by the observer wearing the display is varied according to the movement of the observer's head. For varying the image size, the camera is equipped with a zoom lens to change the size of shooting area, or alternatively, the display is equipped with a zoom lens as the eyepiece to enlarge or reduce the size of the displayed image. An image showing the appearance of the camera is displayed being superimposed on the image taken by the camera in order to facilitate the control of the camera by the observer.

Abstract: An HMD is provided with two piezoelectric vibrating gyros which detect vertical and horizontal angular velocities, and a horizontal sensor which detects a vertical angle. While the user's head rotates, shooting direction of a three-dimensional camera is varied in accordance with the angles obtained by integration of the detected angular velocities. While the head is stationary, the obtained vertical angle and the output of the gyro is corrected based on the angle detected by the horizontal sensor. The shooting direction of the camera can be manually set irrespective of the direction of the head, and information on the viewing direction is displayed together with a taken image.

Abstract: A telescope has an objective lens system, an eyepiece optical system, and a third lens system between the objective lens system and the eyepiece optical system. The objective lens system is provided with a circular shape lens whose upper and lower portions are cut off. The eyepiece optical system is also provided with a circular shape lens whose upper and lower portions are cut off. The third lens system is provided with a circular shape lens which is disposed in a position where a light beam formed by the objective lens system has a smaller cross-sectional area.

Abstract: A pair of binoculars includes a first optical system; a second optical systems; a light rays separators that extracts from the first optical system a portion of light rays that pass through the first optical systems; a device for examining the extracted light rays; a device for adjusting parts of the first and second optical systems based on a results of the examination of the extracted light rays; and a light reducer located in the second optical system for separating light rays equivalent to the light rays extracted by the light rays separator from the light rays passing through the second optical system.

Abstract: A system that is mounted in a camera capable of focal point detection and that performs correction of the focal point detection data in accordance with the temperature, wherein the temperature inside the photo-taking lens barrel is measured and the focal point detection data is corrected based on the temperature data for the interior of the photo-taking lens barrel. Using this construction, because the temperature of a lens element comprising the photo-taking lens can be accurately measured even where the ambient temperature of the camera has suddenly changed, for example, appropriate correction suitable for the temperature conditions may be performed. Also disclosed is a construction in which the correction of the focal point detection data is performed based on not only the temperature data but also the focal length data for the photo-taking lens.

Abstract: A binocular has the right and left optical systems. A distance between these optical systems is variable for an adjustment of the pupil distance. A protecting member is arranged to protect objective lenses and eyepieces of the optical systems by sheltering them when the binocular is housed. The protecting member is movable to release the sheltering condition to expose the lenses and the eyepieces when the binocular is used. The protecting member is driven in liaison with an operation of the adjustment of the pupil distance.

Abstract: In a finder optical system provided separately from a taking lens system, an objective lens system forms a primary image which is an inverted image of a subject, a relay lens system erects the primary image formed by the objective lens system to form a secondary image which is an erecting image and can change the size of the secondary image, and an ocular enlarges the secondary image formed by the relay lens system and can change the enlargement ratio.The finder optical system is useful for a camera constituting the trimming system.

Abstract: A finder optical system provided separately from a photo-taking lens comprises, from the object side: an object lens from forming a primary image which is an inverted image of an object and for erecting the primary image to form an erecting image; and an eyepiece for enlarging said erecting image. The object lens comprises a gradient index lens.

Abstract: A system for multiplexing an FM composite television video signal and a PCM (pulse code modulation) time division multiplexed audio signal. The PCM multiplexed audio signal has a frame repetition frequency or sampling frequency f.sub.s which is related to the horizontal sync frequency f.sub.h of the composite video signal as follows:f.sub.s =f.sub.h .times.n/mwhere m represents a selected integer representing a divisor of the number of scanning lines per frame of the television video signal and n represents a selected positive integer. The initial frame of the PCM multiplexed audio signal starts with a timing which coincides with the leading edge of the initial vertical sync pulse of a selected one of odd- and even-numbered fields of the composite video signal.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for regulating a digital signal which is modulated such that an average of their amplitude over a given interval varies from interval to interval, in a manner to maintain the average constant. The digital signal comprises a train of pulses formed by pulse tops and pulse bottoms both of which are equally spaced from a reference level and at least one of the pulse top and pulse bottom being greater than two pulse widths. Signals which are modulated in accordance with MFM, RZ and NRZ systems correspond to such a digital signal. In accordance with the invention, those pulse tops or the pulse bottoms of the digital signal which have a selected one of the pulse widths are maintained unchanged in amplitude from its original value while other pulse tops or bottoms having different pulse widths are compressed in inverse proportion to their respective pulse widths. The system of the invention produces correction pulses for algebraic addition to those portions having the different pulse widths.

Abstract: A digital signal recording system capable of a self-clocking and a peak detection. Binary data is represented by bi-level signal pulses which are spaced apart by a time interval which is a positive integral multiple of time interval of clock pulses (referred to as T.sub.0). The width of the signal pulses at their one level is a constant value less than T.sub.0 and where the time spacing between such signal pulses is greater than 2 T.sub.0, a selected number of pseudo pulses having the same pulse width as such signal pulses are inserted between the adjacent signal pulses with a time interval therefrom which is an odd multiple of T.sub.0 /2.

Abstract: A color television camera including an image sensor comprising a photosensitive array of photoelements arranged in a matrix, an image focussed onto the surface of the array causing a photon produced charge to be stored in selected photoelements, a signal from respective elements being read out to output means in the form of a packet of charge. Each of the photoelements is made to be sensitive to light of only one color component even though the assembly of the photoelements are sensitive to light having more than one color components, the charge stored in a selected number of rows of the array being read out sequentially within each row and simultaneously for the selected number of rows during a sequential horizontal scanning line period.

Abstract: A television camera including an image sensor comprising a photosensitive array of photoelements arranged in a matrix, selected photoelements storing photon produced charge in response to an image focussed onto the surface of the array, a signal from respective photoelements being sequentially read out to output means in the form of a packet of charge. A series of original signals obtained from the output means are divided into segment signals, adjacent segment signals being added together to provide an arithmetic mean which is used as one component signal of a television signal.

Abstract: A color television camera including an image sensor comprising a photosensitive array of photoelements arranged in a matrix, an image focussed onto the surface of the array causing a photon produced charge to be stored in selected photoelements, a signal from respective elements being read out to output means in the form of a packet of charge. Each of the photoelements is made to be sensitive to light of only one color component even though the assembly of the photoelements are sensitive to light having more than one color components, the charge stored in a selected number of rows of the array being read out sequentially within each row and simultaneously for the selected number of rows during a sequential horizontal scanning line period.

Abstract: Apparatus for converting line sequential color signals to simultaneously presented color signals for display by a shadow mask picture tube. Three ring counters generate square wave gating signals which are applied to three gates corresponding to the three colors being displayed. Two of the sequential color signals are applied through delay circuits before gating to enable a simultaneous presentation.