Abstract: A method for producing synthetic gas with which a virtually soot-free synthetic gas having a good composition can be efficiently obtained by a simple device using a liquid biofuel as the starting material, and it is thereby possible to produce a high-quality liquid fuel such as methanol, gasoline or kerosene. Steam and a liquid biofuel produced by pyrolysis of a biomass are fed to the gasification space inside a reactor tube that is not loaded with a catalyst inside the reactor tube and heated to 800 to 1,200° C. from the outside via the reactor tube walls to induce an endothermic reaction and thereby a steam reforming chemical reaction between the steam and the liquid biofuel. By setting the molar ratio of the fed steam and carbon in the liquid biofuel ([H2O]/[C]) at 0.3 or higher, a synthetic gas having a good composition that is virtually free of tar and soot and is primarily H2 and CO is obtained.

Abstract: Without being dependent on design changes, a liquid ejection head and a method of production thereof are provided in which when time-division driving, liquid drop landing deviance in the direction of printing is capable of being corrected. In order to achieve this, before performing an exposure in order to form an ejection port, after forming a cavity that is shifted with respect to the location at which the ejection port is formed, exposure is performed.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head is manufactured by forming a dent representing a substantially spherical profile so as to include a position for forming an ejection port on a surface of a photosensitive resin layer, then forming a latent image of the ejection port in the dent by an exposure treatment using a projection lens system, and developing the latent image. The center of the top surface of the latent image is shifted to the incoming side of the beam of exposure light from the lowest point of the dent.

Abstract: A print head includes an energy generating element, a chamber for accommodating liquid, and an ejection opening for ejecting liquid from the chamber, thus applying the energy to the liquid in the chamber from the energy generating element to eject the liquid from the ejection opening, wherein the ejection opening includes at least two projections convex to an inside of the ejection opening in a cross section perpendicular to a liquid ejecting direction and has a tapered angle ?1 in regard to the liquid ejecting direction, enabling a meniscus of the liquid to be formed therebetween at the liquid ejecting time, and an outer edge portion has a tapered angle ?2 in regard to the liquid ejecting direction, wherein the tapered angles ?1 and ?2 are defined to meet a formula of 0°??1?10° and a formula of ?2>?1.

Abstract: The manufacturing method includes forming, on a surface of a negative photosensitive resin layer formed on a substrate, a hollow having inclinations at both sides in a cross section taken along a plane perpendicular to a row direction of the ejection orifice, and then forming a latent image in the hollow, thereby forming the ejection orifice so that an angle between a side surface portion thereof and a normal to the outer opening in a cross section of the ejection orifice taken along a plane which passes through a center of the ejection orifice and is perpendicular to the row direction is larger than an angle between the side surface portion and the normal to the outer opening in a cross section of the ejection orifice taken along a plane which includes a center line of the ejection orifice in the row direction and is perpendicular to a substrate surface.

Abstract: A stripline filter having a substrate, a grounding electrode, principal-surface lines, side-surface lines, and common electrodes, and is mounted on a set substrate by soldering. The side-surface lines are disposed on a side surface of the substrate, and are wetted by solder during soldering. Each of the common electrodes is connected to a corresponding one of the principal-surface lines. The common electrodes are also connected to the grounding electrode via the side-surface lines.

Abstract: An ink jet recording head includes a nozzle array and discharge energy generation elements. The nozzles include discharge ports to discharge liquid when recording, pressure chambers to communicate with respective discharge ports, and liquid flow paths to supply liquid to the respective pressure chambers. The discharge energy generation elements apply discharge energy to the pressure chambers to discharge liquid from the nozzles in a predetermined order during time-division driving. Arranging intervals of the liquid flow paths take at least two different values. When a drive timing difference average between the adjacent discharge energy generation elements is calculated by a particular expression, a relationship of D?Y is satisfied between an interval D and an interval Y in a k-th discharge energy generation element and a k+1-th discharge energy generation element positioned adjacent to the k-th discharge energy generation element.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head is manufactured by forming a dent representing a substantially spherical profile so as to include a position for forming an ejection port on a surface of a photosensitive resin layer, then forming a latent image of the ejection port in the dent by an exposure treatment using a projection lens system, and developing the latent image. The center of the top surface of the latent image is shifted to the incoming side of the beam of exposure light from the lowest point of the dent.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid discharge head including: a discharge port that serves to discharge a liquid; a discharge energy generating element that generates energy used to discharge the liquid; a foam chamber that houses the discharge energy generating element and is communicated with the discharge port; and a flow channel that is communicated with the foam chamber and serves to supply the liquid to the foam chamber. An inclined surface is formed between: a side wall of the foam chamber on a side opposite to the flow channel; and a surface of the foam chamber on which the discharge port is formed, and the inclined surface is inclined to a plane on which the discharge energy generating element is formed.

Abstract: The manufacturing method includes forming, on a surface of a negative photosensitive resin layer formed on a substrate, a hollow having inclinations at both sides in a cross section taken along a plane perpendicular to a row direction of the ejection orifice, and then forming a latent image in the hollow, thereby forming the ejection orifice so that an angle between a side surface portion thereof and a normal to the outer opening in a cross section of the ejection orifice taken along a plane which passes through a center of the ejection orifice and is perpendicular to the row direction is larger than an angle between the side surface portion and the normal to the outer opening in a cross section of the ejection orifice taken along a plane which includes a center line of the ejection orifice in the row direction and is perpendicular to a substrate surface.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head is arranged in a manner that in the cross-section of a discharge port perpendicular to a liquid discharge direction, the discharge port includes at least one projection that is convex inside the discharge port; a first area, for holding a liquid surface connecting a pillar-shaped liquid that is elongated outside the discharge port; and second areas where a fluid resistance is lower than that in the first area so as to pull the liquid in the discharge port in a direction opposite to the liquid discharge direction. The first area is formed in the direction in which the projection is convex, and the second areas are formed on both sides of the projection.

Abstract: Without being dependent on design changes, a liquid ejection head and a method of production thereof are provided in which when time-division driving, liquid drop landing deviance in the direction of printing is capable of being corrected. In order to achieve this, before performing an exposure in order to form an ejection port, after forming a cavity that is shifted with respect to the location at which the ejection port is formed, exposure is performed.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid ejecting method using a liquid ejection head including a first ejection port for ejecting an ink containing a color material, a first energy generating element for generating energy utilized for ejecting the ink from the first ejection port, a second ejection port for ejecting an improvement liquid for improving recording property of the ink, and a second energy generating element for generating energy utilized for ejecting the improvement liquid from the second ejection port. The method includes ejecting the ink from the first ejection port by driving the first energy generating element, and ejecting the improvement liquid from the second ejection port by driving the second energy generating element, in a state where a liquid level of the improvement liquid in the second ejection port has moved forward in a liquid ejection direction than a liquid level of the ink in the first ejection port when the first energy generating element is driven.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head is arranged in a manner that in the cross-section of a discharge port perpendicular to a liquid discharge direction, the discharge port includes at least one projection that is convex inside the discharge port; a first area, for holding a liquid surface connecting a pillar-shaped liquid that is elongated outside the discharge port; and second areas where a fluid resistance is lower than that in the first area so as to pull the liquid in the discharge port in a direction opposite to the liquid discharge direction. The first area is formed in the direction in which the projection is convex, and the second areas are formed on both sides of the projection.

Abstract: A liquid ejection recording head includes a recording element substrate including a plurality of energy generating elements for generating energy for ejecting liquid, and a flow passage-forming member, connected to the recording element substrate, comprising a plurality of ejection outlets corresponding to the plurality of energy generating elements and plurality of flow passages communicating with the ejection outlets. The flow passage-forming member includes a hole array having holes arranged so as to surround the flow passages and a communication passage, for establishing communication between adjacent holes, at a position close to the recording element substrate.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head is arranged in a manner that in the cross section of a discharge port in a liquid discharge direction, the discharge port includes: at least one projection that is convex inside the discharge port; a first area, for holding a liquid surface connecting a pillar-shaped liquid that is elongated outside the discharge port; and second areas where a fluid resistance is lower than that in the first area so as to pull the liquid in the discharge port in a direction opposite to the liquid discharge direction; and the first area is formed in the direction in which the projection is convex, and the second areas are formed on both sides of the projection.

Abstract: A stripline filter having a substrate, a grounding electrode, principal-surface lines, side-surface lines, and common electrodes, and is mounted on a set substrate by soldering. The side-surface lines are disposed on a side surface of the substrate, and are wetted by solder during soldering. Each of the common electrodes is connected to a corresponding one of the principal-surface lines. The common electrodes are also connected to the grounding electrode via the side-surface lines.

Abstract: A print head, which ejects ink by using a method whereby a bubble generated by a heat generating element communicates with the air, and for which the occurrence of cavitation is deterred and the durability is improved, is provided. According to the print head, a bubble grows until the maximum volume is attained, and then, at a volume reduction step, communicates with the air. As a result, a liquid in a bubble generation chamber is ejected. An ejection port and the heat generating element are arranged so that the center of the ejection port is shifted away from the center of the heat generating element in a direction leading from an ink supply port to the ejection port.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head is arranged in a manner that in the cross-section of a discharge port in a liquid discharge direction, the discharge port includes at least one projection that is convex inside the discharge port; a first area, for holding a liquid surface connecting a pillar-shaped liquid that is elongated outside the discharge port; and second areas where a fluid resistance is lower than that in the first area so as to pull the liquid in the discharge port in a direction opposite to the liquid discharge direction. The first area is formed in the direction in which the projection is convex, and the second areas are formed on both sides of the projection.

Abstract: The element size of a stripline filter that achieves a high efficiency percentage with optional stable filter characteristics, is reduced. A stripline filter includes substantially L-shaped top surface resonant lines. The top surface resonant lines include connection electrode parts, first line parts, and second line parts. The connection electrode parts are formed so as to have a width greater than line widths of side surface resonant lines. Each line part faces an edge of a corner portion of a central top surface resonant line at an interval. An edge of each first line part on an edge side of a dielectric substrate, other than a connection portion with the connection electrode part, faces an edge of the dielectric substrate at an interval.