Abstract: A photoelectric converter apparatus suitable for use as an optical pattern reader is disclosed. A CCD image sensor receives light reflected from a text having characters or graphic patterns marked thereon and stores charges proportional to the intensity of the reflected light. Unnecessary charges are transferred from the CCD image sensor to the shift register and are swept out during a time period other than a readout period for necessary data. The readout data which exactly reflects the data on the text is produced with a reduced sweep-out period.

Abstract: A die is described, comprising a die body and a steel case, characterized in that: a die body made of a silicon nitride ceramic or a silicon carbide ceramic is shrink fitted or force fitted into a steel case wherein an optional wide recess may be cut in the inner surface of the bottom of said steel case along a corner where the bottom and the inner wall of said steel case meet.

Abstract: A light source unit for an endoscope is provided with a light-emitting element and a light receiving element which are provided in an eyepiece section of an endoscope. The light-emitting element is supplied with current modified by a specific frequency from an oscillating circuit and produces a light-intensity modulated light. An output signal from the light receiving element is supplied to a filter circuit and a signal of the specific frequency component is taken out from the filter circuit to be compared with a reference voltage in a Schmidt circuit. When an operator approaches to the light receiving element and enters a range within a predetermined distance from the light receiving element, a light intensity of the light which is emitted from the light emitting element toward the operator, reflected from the operator, and is incident on the light receiving element, becomes large. As a result, a signal level supplied to the Schmidt circuit exceeds a predetermined value.

Abstract: Photosensitive compositions containing 2-halomethyl-5-vinyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole compounds represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein W represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, X represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an aryl group, Y represents a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom or a bromine atom, and n represents an integer of 1 to 3.

Abstract: An illuminating device for use in an ophthalmoscopic photographing apparatus comprising an objective lens system arranged near an eye to be inspected in a main optical viewing path, a photographing lens system arranged in the main optical path for imaging a light pattern reflected from the retina of the eye to be inspected on the surface of a film through the objective lens system, and a light guide arranged the main optical viewing path and an illuminating optical path. The light guide consists of a bundle of optical fibers one end portion of which is so constructed that a plurality of optical fibers uniformly enclose a light passing tube to form a concentric circle or partially enclose the light tube.

Abstract: A screen means free from ghost image comprising a screen and Fresnel lens arranged so that its Fresnel surface faces the screen. The Fresnel lens is arranged that optically inactive surfaces of its Fresnel surface become approximately parallel with the advancing direction of projected rays entered through and refracted by the back surface of the Fresnel lens.

Abstract: A light source system for use in a lighting device of a microscope comprises an elliptical cylindrical concave reflecting mirror, a linear light emitter arranged at one focus position of the mirror, a cylindrical condenser lens arranged at the opening position of the mirror and a bundle of optical fibers. A part of the end surfaces of the fiber bundle is arranged at the condensing position of the portion of the light from the emitter reflected by the mirror and refracted by the condenser lens. The other part of end surfaces of the fiber bundle is arranged at the condensing position of the portion of the light from the emitter directly refracted by the condenser lens.

Abstract: A holder for the ring of ring spinning machine and ring twisting machine has an oil-retaining substance disposed therein and at least one oil supply tank detachably fitted in a recess therein. The oil supply tank has an opening at its bottom leading to the oil-retaining substance for automatic lubrication of the ring.

Abstract: A photographic emulsion containing a novel amphoteric copolymer which comprises:A. 0.5 to 30 mole % of cation-site containing repeating units of the formula (I) ##EQU1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group and n is 1, 2, 3 or 4;B. 0.5 to 30 mole % of anion-site containing repeating units of the formula (II) ##EQU2## wherein R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and X represents ##SPC1##--COOM, --SO.sub.3 M or --COO(CH.sub.2).sub.m SO.sub.3 M, where M is a cation and m is 3 or 4; andC. the balance of repeating units of the formula (III) ##EQU3## wherein R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 each represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group or a substituted alkyl group thereof. The novel amphoteric copolymer can be substituted partly or entirely for the gelatin in a photographic emulsion, with excellent photographic effects.