Abstract: The present invention provide a method for assessing the sensitivity to a pyrimidine drug such as 5-FU which is degraded in the pyrimidine metabolic pathway, specifically in vivo pyrimidine metabolizing activity, of an individual subject; and a preparation useful for the assessment. The present invention can be carried out by: administering a preparation comprising as an active ingredient a pyrimidine compound or its metabolite which acts as a substrate for a pyrimidine metabolizing enzyme, in which compound or metabolite at least one of C, O and N is labeled with an isotope; and assessing in vivo pyrimidine metabolizing activity based on the amount of excreted metabolite.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an assay for evaluating alveolar exchange of oxygen. A 13C-labeled substrate, such as 13C-sodium bicarbonate is administered to a subject by oral or iv intake, and exhaled 13CO2 is measured. The 13CO2 in expired breath can be collected at various time points following administration of the substrate and measured in &Dgr; per mil with a mass analyzer or photometer, such as an IR spectrometer. This process can be used as a diagnostic test for the indication of, treatment and/or evaluation of the severity of respiratory tract diseases or infections.

Abstract: The present invention provide a method for measuring and assessing the capacity in an individual subject to metabolize a variety of fluorouracil drugs, such as 5-fluorouracil, which are degraded in the pyrimidine metabolic pathway, and a preparation useful for the measurement and assessment. The present invention can be carried out by: administering a preparation for determining pyrimidine metabolic capacity comprising as an active ingredient a pyrimidine compound or pyrimidine metabolic compound that acts as a substrate for a pyrimidine metabolizing enzyme, in which at least one of the carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms is labeled with an isotope; and assessing in vivo pyrimidine metabolic capacity based on the behavior of an excreted metabolite.

Abstract: A device guiding disc to direct discs to a desired location includes a guiding passageway for guiding and aligning the individual discs at an exit position. A pushing device can contact the discs at the exit position and move the disc out of the guiding passageway. A roller member can be positioned adjacent the bottom of the exit position to support and translate the disc as it is pushed by the pushing device. A support device, such as a tapered roller member, can be positioned above the exit position to receive an upper edge of the disc and to operatively position the disc for subsequent contact with the pushing device wherein the disc is positioned at an inclined angle to a longitudinal axis of the guiding passageway.

Abstract: The present invention provide a method for assessing the sensitivity to a pyrimidine drug such as 5-FU which is degraded in the pyrimidine metabolic pathway, specifically in vivo pyrimidine metabolizing activity, of an individual subject; and a preparation useful for the assessment. The present invention can be carried out by: administering a preparation comprising as an active ingredient a pyrimidine compound or its metabolite which acts as a substrate for a pyrimidine metabolizing enzyme, in which compound or metabolite at least one of C, O and N is labeled with an isotope; and assessing in vivo pyrimidine metabolizing activity based on the amount of excreted metabolite.

Abstract: A process for converting uridines to 2′,3′-dideoxy-2′,3′-didehydrouridines by reacting acetic anhydride with a 2′,3′-0-alkoxymethylideneuridine intermediate.

Abstract: Stable crystals of N-(trans-4-isopropylcyclohexylcarbonyl)-D-phenylalanine may be produced by treating this compound with a solvent at a temperature of at least 10.degree. C. and forming crystals in the solvent at a temperature of at least 10.degree. C. For example, crystals may be formed by crystallization out of solution, or may be formed from solid particles of the compound suspended in a solvent. Crystals formed in this way have different melting point, infra red spectrum and X-ray diffraction patterns from previously known forms of the compound and have enhanced processability, eg. stability to grinding.

Abstract: Stable crystals of N-(trans-4-isopropylcyclohexylcarbonyl)-D-phenylalanine may be produced by treating this compound with a solvent at a temperature of at least 10.degree. C. and forming crystals in the solvent at a temperature of at least 10.degree. C. For example, crystals may be formed by crystallization out of solution, or may be formed from solid particles of the compound suspended in a solvent. Crystals formed in this way have different melting point, infra red spectrum and X-ray diffraction patterns from previously known forms of the compound and have enhanced processability, e.g., stability to grinding.

Abstract: A method of producing dideoxyinosine involving contacting as a substrate 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine with a microorganism which is capable of converting the substrate into 2',3'-dideoxyinosine.

Abstract: A biological process for producing a 2',3'-dideoxynucleoside from 2',3'-dideoxyuridine is disclosed. the 2',3'-dideoxynucleoside can be purified readily using a porous nonpolar resin adsorbent.

Abstract: A biological process for producing a 2',3'-dideoxyncleoside from 2',3'-dideoxyuridine is disclosed. The 2',3'-dideoxynucleoside can be purified readily using a porous nonpolar resin adsorbent.

Abstract: A compound which is: ##STR1## wherein R may be 1 to 5 H, Cl, Br, F, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 straight chain or branched alkyl, OH, or CF.sub.3.

Abstract: A compound which is: ##STR1## wherein R may be 1 to 5 H, Cl, Br, F, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 straight chain or branched alkyl, OH, or CF.sub.3.

Abstract: In a propeller for use in a ship of the type comprising 4 or more even number blades, at least one of two adjacent blades is inclined forwardly or rearwardly or one inclined forwardly and the other rearwardly so as to make different the rake angles of the two blades. The pitch angle of the rearwardly inclined blade is made larger than that of the forwardly inclined blade. With this construction the mutual interference between adjacent blades is efficiently utilized to prevent decrease in the efficiency even when operating conditions and the diameter of the propeller vary.

Abstract: A method of preparing sodium salts of an imidazoledicarboxylic acid derivative of a substituted cephalosporin represented by the general formula of ##STR1## where X is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, aralkyloxy, mercapto, alkylthio, arylthio, aralkylthio, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, aralkylsulfonyl, alkylsulfinyl, arylsulfinyl, aralkylsulfinyl, amino, mono- or dialkylamino, mono- or diarylamino, mono- or diaralkylamino, acylamino, sulfonic acid, nitro or heterocyclic group;and where R is a radical selected from hydrogen, an organic radical such as alkyl, aryl or aralkyl or a heterocyclic group, said organic radical and heterocyclic group being optionally substituted;said method comprising reacting a compound represented by the following formula: ##STR2## with 4-pyridineethanesulfonic acid in an aqueous solution of sodium iodide and subsequently recovering the salt.