Abstract: To provide a method of culturing which keeps physiology activity of bacterium cell belonging to enterococcus genus and method of producing killed bacterium cell belonging to enterococcus genus.

Abstract: In order to provide a method for effectively separating red mud generated during alumina-extraction treatment of an alumina ore containing goethite as an iron component, the alumina ore containing goethite as an iron component is treated with an alkaline solution at 110-160° C., to thereby take up alumina components through extraction, and a settling aid formed of a water-soluble polymer including, as an effective component, a copolymer containing, as a monomer component, a vinylhydroxamic acid compound or a salt thereof (A) and having an average molecular weight of at least 2,000 is added to the resultant extract, to thereby settle the red mud for separation thereof.

Abstract: A process in which alumina is extracted from bauxite with an aqueous alkali solution, and a desilication product is precipitated such that the product is not contained in a bauxite residue and does not form a complex. The desilication product is mixed with a calcium compound, and the mixture is calcined, to thereby solubilize and recover an alkali component of the product. In addition, an alkali component is removed from a residue (a solid product), and the residue is effectively used as a resource.

Abstract: In order to provide a method for effectively separating red mud generated during alumina-extraction treatment of an alumina ore containing goethite as an iron component, the alumina ore containing goethite as an iron component is treated with an alkaline solution at 110-160° C., to thereby take up alumina components through extraction, and a settling aid formed of a water-soluble polymer including, as an effective component, a copolymer containing, as a monomer component, a vinylhydroxamic acid compound or a salt thereof (A) and having an average molecular weight of at least 12,000,000 is added to the resultant extract, to thereby settle the red mud for separation thereof.

Abstract: To recycle a residue after treatment of bauxite completely and effectively. To recover alkali which is used for the treatment. When alumina is extracted from bauxite with an alkali aqueous solution, a desilication product is precipitated such that the product is not contained in a bauxite residue and does not form a complex. The desilication product is mixed with a calcium compound, and the mixture is calcined, to thereby solubilize and recover an alkali component of the product. In addition, an alkali component is removed from a residue (a solid product), and the residue is effectively used as a resource.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for treating sodium aluminosilicate which includes adding a calcium compound to sodium aluminosilicate; thermally treating the mixture of the sodium aluminosilicate and the calcium compound; and eluting the thermally-treated product with water or an aqueous solution to thereby solubilize a sodium component of the sodium aluminosilicate, recover sodium, and obtain a useful product containing sodium in very small amounts. The elution percentage of sodium can be increased by optimizing heating and elution conditions.

Abstract: A shell molding apparatus includes a lower die and an upper die. The lower die includes a plurality of shell molding inserts, each having the shape of a halved cylinder, spiny insert receiving recesses which are formed in undercut portions formed by curved surfaces of adjacent shell molding inserts, and spiny inserts retractably provided in the spiny insert receiving recesses, each spiny insert having a curved surface of the same curvature as the curved surface of the shell molding insert and provided with many protrusions on the curved surface. The upper die has a plurality of continuously formed recesses corresponding to the plurality of shell molding inserts of the lower die.

Abstract: An X-ray exposure apparatus wherein a member sensitive to X-ray is exposed to a pattern formed on a mask with the X-rays, includes an X-ray source for emitting X-rays, an irradiation chamber for accommodating the mask and the sensitive member and exposing them to the X-rays emitted by the X-ray source within the chamber and a vacuum pump for evacuating the chamber to effect the exposure operation in a vacuum.

Abstract: An X-ray exposure apparatus includes a stage for holding a mask having a pattern for circuit manufacturing, a stage for holding a wafer to be exposed to the pattern of the mask with X-rays, and a reflection reduction imaging system, disposed between the mask stage and the wafer stage, including a reflecting mirror arrangement, containing at least three, but not more than five, reflecting mirrors coated with multi-layer films for receiving X-rays from the mask and directing them to the wafer to expose the wafer to the pattern of the mask with the X-ray in a reduced scale.

Abstract: Aluminum hydroxide having a particle size of 2 to 30 .mu.m and having small specific surface area and low resin filling viscosity can be prepared by using precipitated aluminum hydroxide composed of secondary agglomerated particles having a primary particle size almost equal to the desired average particle size of intended pulverized aluminum hydroxide as the starting material to be pulverized and pulverizing this starting aluminum hydroxide. This aluminum hydroxide has an average particle size of 2 to 30 .mu.m, a surface roughness coefficient Sr/Sc (in which Sr represents the specific surface area of particles measured by the nitrogen adsorption method and Sc represents the specific surface area calculated from the size of particles approximated to spheres while taking the particle size distribution of particles into consideration) smaller than 2.5 and a linseed oil absorption smaller than 30 cc/100 g as determined according to JIS K-5101.

Abstract: A stage device usable, e.g., in an X-ray exposure apparatus, for moving a semiconductor wafer placed in a vacuum ambience and held by a wafer chuck, is disclosed. In the stage device, the wafer chuck holds the wafer so that the surface of the wafer onto which a circuit pattern is to be transferred is placed in a vertical plane, and the wafer chuck is moved vertically and horizontally for step-and-repeat exposure of the wafer. The device includes a guide mechanism, locking mechanism and a constant-tension spring mechanism, to thereby ensure high-accuracy movement of the wafer chuck in the vertical direction as well as high-precision positioning of the wafer. Further, in the stage device, a drive source producing a drive to move the wafer chuck is disposed in a vacuum ambience while, on the other hand, the supply of operating fluids to air bearing assemblies, for guiding the movement of the wafer chuck, is achieved by use of metal pipes coupled by rotary joints.

Abstract: An anticariogenic or antiperiodontitic agent containing, as an active component, yeast cells and/or water-soluble extracts of yeasts having antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans or Bacteroides gingivalis. This anticariogenic or antiperiodontitic agent has strong inhibitory effects on the growth of Streptococcus mutans causing dental caries and Bacteroids gingivalis causing periodontitis and has neither influence on intestinal microflora nor any side-effects when orally administered.

Abstract: An anticariogenic or antiperiodontitic agent containing, as an active component, adenosine or its derivatives having an antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans or Bacteroides gingivalis. This anticariogenic or antiperiodontitic agent has strong inhibitory effects on the growth of Streptococcus mutans causing dental caries and Bacteroides gingivalis causing periodontitis and has neither influence on intestinal microflora nor any side-effects when orally administered.

Abstract: A device for detecting the position of an object by use of an electron beam is disclosed. The device includes a beam supplying portion for supplying an electron beam, a scanning system operable to scan the object with the electron beam, a converting system operable to detect electrons from the object scanned with the electron beam and to convert the electrons into an electric signal, a detecting system operable to detect the position of the object on the basis of the signal from the converting system, and a control unit actable on the supplying portion to change, during the scan of the object, a condition for the irradiation of the object with the electron beam in accordance with the characteristic of the object.

Abstract: Hypocholesterolemically and/or hypotriglyceridemically active RNA fractions having the following characteristics:(a) Molecular weight by gel filtration: 2,000.+-.1,000(b) Base composition ratio of nucleic acid: uracil: guanine: cytosine: adenine=13.0: 16.0: 16.0: 10.0(c) Infrared absorption sepctrum: shown in FIG. 2(d) Physiological characteristics: having a hypocholesterolemic and/or hypotriglyceridemic activity in mammals.These hypocholesterolemically and/or hypotriglyceridemically active RNA fractions can be prepared by cultivating a microorganism belonging to the genus Streptococcus in an adequate culture medium therefor; and collecting the hypocholesterolemically and/or hypotriglyceridemically active RNA fractions from the cultured cells of the microorganism.

Abstract: A position detecting device for detecting the position of an object includes an illumination optical system for producing a light beam and for irradiating the object with the light beam, an optical system for focusing the light beam, a focus position controlling system operative to change the position at which the light beam is focused by the focusing optical system, a first detecting device for receiving the light beam reflected from the object to detect the state of incidence of the light beam on the object, and a second detecting device for detecting the position of the object on the basis of the detection of the state of incidence of the light beam on the object by the first detecting means.

Abstract: Hypocholesterolemically active RNA fractions having the following characteristics:(a) Molecular weight by gel filtration: 11,000.+-.9,000(b) Base composition ratio of nucleic acid: uracil:guanine:cytosine:adenine=1:1:2:1(c) Infrared absorption spectrum: shown in FIG. 2(d) Physiological characteristics: having a hypocholesterolemic activity in mammals.These hypocholesterolemically active RNA fractions can be prepared by cultivating a microorganism belonging to the genus Streptococcus in an adequate culture medium therefor; and collecting the hypocholesterolemically active RNA fractions from the cultured cells of the microorganism. These hypocholesterolemically active RNA fractions can be used as an active ingredient of a hypocholesterolemic or antiatherosclerotic pharmaceutical composition together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier therefor to form a hypocholesterolemic or antiatherosclerotic pharmaceutical compositions, which is suitable for oral administration to mammals.

Abstract: A hypocholesterolemically active protein capable of reducing the blood cholesterol in mammals having the following characteristics:(a) Molecular weight by gel filtration: 30,000.+-.7,000(b) Isoelectric point: 7.9.+-.0.2(c) Amino acid composition (mole %):______________________________________ Glycine 25.23 Alanine 10.98 Glutamate 10.34 Asparaginate 8.20 Lysine 6.39 Leucine 5.58 Valine 5.41 Isoleucine 5.18 Threonine 4.23 Tyrosine 4.19 Serine 3.46 Proline 2.62 Arginine 2.60 Phenylalanine 2.51 Methionine 1.56 Histidine 1.30 Cysteine 0.16 ______________________________________(d) Pattern of electrophoresis: a sharp band on the anode side on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. This hypocholesterolemically active protein is derived from a microorganism belonging to the genus Streptococcus.

Abstract: A bacterial cell product orally administered to lower serum cholesterol and/or triglyceride level in mammals obtained by cultivating a microorganism belonging to the genus Streptococcus and having a N-acetyl-.beta.-D-glucosaminidase activity in an adequate culture medium therefor, and collecting the cultivated microorganism from the resultant culture.

Abstract: An anticariogenic or antiperiodontitic agent containing, as an active component, the bacterial cells and/or water-soluble extracts of a microorganism belonging to the genus Streptococcus or the genus Lactobacillus having antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans or the genus Bacteriodes.This anticariogenic or antiperiodontitic agent has strong inhibitory effects on the growth of Streptococcus mutans causing dental caries and Bacteroides causing periodontitis and has no influence on intestinal microflora when orally administered.